Causes and Effects of Climate Change

This research essay discusses the causes and effects of climate change, including greenhouse gases, dirty air, and higher sea levels. It also highlights the importance of taking positive steps towards the environment.

Research Essay

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................4
Discuss the causes and effects of climate change ......................................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Climate change basically refers to the long term change in the average patterns of
weather which have come to define the earth's regional, local and global climates as well. These
are the changes which have a broad level of observed effects which are synonymous with the
term. It is the change at climate level which is very important which helps in determining the
expectations of future climate(Coyle and et.al., 2017). With the support of altitude, an individual
can easily determine the likelihood of snow and also hails reaching towards the surface. It is
easier to be able to identify the thermal energy from the sun which is accessible to a region. In
the present report, a topic is taken into consideration which is named as causes and effects of
climate change.
MAIN BODY
Discuss the causes and effects of climate change
Climate change basically refers to the change which has affected at the global and
regional level which is measured by rainfall and average temperature and how often extreme
weather events such as heavy rains or heat waves happen. It has been observed that humans on a
fast pace manner influence the climate and the temperature of earth also rises through burning
fossil fuels, farming livestock and cutting down of forests as well. It basically adds enormous
amount of greenhouse gases to those occurring in the atmosphere on the natural basis that
increases the greenhouse effect and global warming as well. There are certain causes of climate
change which is defined into the following manner:
Greenhouse gases: The main reason behind the climate change is related to the greenhouse
effect and there are some gases in the atmosphere of earth which act as a bit like the glass in the
greenhouse and also trap the sun's heat. There are many greenhouse gases which occurs at the
natural level but activities of human has increased the concentration of some of the gases in the
atmosphere(García-Reyes and et.al., 2015).It basically includes carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide,
methane and fluorinated gases as well. Carbon dioxide is the major contributor which has been
produced by the activities of human and it is the largest contributor into global warming.
Methane is more powerful than carbon dioxide but has shorter lifetime at the atmospheric level.

There are certain causes of rising emissions which basically include burning of oil, coal
and gas which produces the nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide as well. Deforestation is also the
main reason of rising emissions and when trees have been cut on the larger scale then beneficial
effect has been lost ad the carbon which is stored into the trees has released into the atmosphere
that adds to the green house effect (Glaser and et.al., 2016). There is one more reason of rising
emission is that there is increment into the livestock farming where sheep and cows produces
large amount of methane when they have digested their food. There are gases of fluorinated
nature which are emitted from equipment and products which uses these gases. These emissions
have very strong warming effect which is up to 23000 times greater than CO2.
There are certain effects of climate change due to which it is difficult to maintain balance
between the environment and the activities of human as well. The effects are defined into the
following manner:
Higher death rates: In this 21st century, it has been observed that this is the biggest health threat
at global level which impacts children, lower income communities and minorities as well. There
are places who don't have air-conditioning or can't afford it into positive manner. There are
certain places where temperature doesn't go down which leads towards the severe health
consequences. In the country of United States, it has been observed that most of the deaths has
occurred due to direct impacts and also have the indirect effects of heat-exacerbated. There are
certain life threatening illness such as heat stroke, heat exhaustion and kidney diseases due to
which it lead towards increment in terms of rates of death.
Dirty air: It has been observed that rising temperature also worsen the air pollution through
increasing the ground level ozone that is created when pollution from factories, cars and other
sources react towards heat and sunlight as well(Lee and et.al., 2015). Dirty air has lead towards
the higher rate of hospital admission and also higher death rates for asthmatics.
Higher rates of wildlife extinction: Humans are not the only one who are facing heat on a
larger scale nut there are sea and land who undergoes towards the rapid changes and there are
animals who faces the impact of heat on a larger scale as well. According to a study, it has been
observed that animals with back bones such as fish, birds and reptiles are dis appearing on a
faster pace manner as compared to their previous situation.

More acidic oceans: As a result of climate change, it has been observed that earth's marine
ecosystem is under pressure and oceans on a large scale becoming more acidic. When this
acidification accelerates then it poses towards the threat of underwater life specifically creatures
with skeletons or calcium carbonate shells which includes crabs, corals and mollusks as well.
Higher sea levels: The polar regions are specifically vulnerable to a warming atmosphere and
average temperature in the Arctic also rising on the fast pace manner as they are elsewhere on
earth and the ice sheets of world also melting on a faster rate (Nordås and Gleditsch., 2015). Due
to this kind of activity, it not only impacts region's people, wildlife and plants which has the most
serious impact on the sea levels. According to estimates, it has been predicted that the oceans
will be one to four feet higher which threatens the coastal systems and low-lying areas which
includes the entire entire nation islands and world's largest cities as well.
In this manner, climate change has their effects on the larger scale due to which environment has
to face negative challenges in order to survive themselves into positive manner. Climate change
has impacted the various levels on a larger scale into fast pace manner. So its very important that
people have to follow only those activities which are not only beneficial for themselves but also
important for the upcoming generations as well. Positive actions towards the environment lead
towards the lower level of climate change due to which people have to face adverse effects on a
smaller scale.
CONCLUSION
The above stated report concludes that climate change plays a very significant role at the
level of environment. It has been concluded that there are certain particular reasons of climate
change due to which people, animals and other aspects of environment have to face adverse
effects of it into negative manner. It has been determined that when people have followed the
negative activities which is not beneficial for the environment and other people who are into the
context of upcoming generation then it lead towards the negative impact on a larger scale. It has
been observed that the effects of climate change has totally changed the scenario on a larger
scale due to which it is difficult to overcoming these challenges of climate change as well. So its
very important to take positive steps towards the environment so that it does not lead towards the
degradable situation of environment and climate as well.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Coyle and et.al., 2017. Soil fauna responses to natural disturbances, invasive species, and global
climate change: Current state of the science and a call to action. Soil Biology and
Biochemistry, 110, pp.116-133.
García-Reyes and et.al., 2015. Under pressure: Climate change, upwelling, and eastern
boundary upwelling ecosystems. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2, p.109.
Glaser and et.al., 2016. Climate change and the emergent epidemic of CKD from heat stress in
rural communities: the case for heat stress nephropathy. Clinical Journal of the
American Society of Nephrology, 11(8), pp.1472-1483.
Lee and et.al., 2015. Predictors of public climate change awareness and risk perception around
the world. Nature climate change, 5(11), pp.1014-1020.
Nordås, R. and Gleditsch, N. P., 2015. Climate change and conflict. In Competition and
Conflicts on Resource Use (pp. 21-38). Springer, Cham.