Climate changes in India

The report discusses the impact of climate changes on India, its causes, effects, and mitigation measures. The rise in temperature, change in rainfall pattern, drought, floods all are the main reasons for climate changes in India. The major impact of these changes affects the agriculture sector of the country. The report suggests various measures that can be taken by humans and government to mitigate the problem.

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Climate changes in India

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Executive Summary
Climates changes are the major problem that India is facing recent days. Rise in temperature,
change in rainfall pattern, drought, floods all are the main reasons for climate changes in
India. All these changes are affecting the whole country. The major impact of these changes
affects the agriculture sector of the country. Near half of the population in India depends on
Agriculture for their livelihood. The main cause of the problem is human activities. The
major cause of the problem is greenhouse gases. In order to solve the problem, there are
various measures that can be taken by humans and government. Many peoples are not aware
about climate changes that are affecting India. Therefore, to remove these problems,
awareness programmes can be taken. besides, government can help farmers with advances
technology so that they can forecast the weather conditions.

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Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................4
Sustainability.........................................................................................................................................5
Climatic changes in India......................................................................................................................5
How climatic changes are affecting India..............................................................................................5
Who all responsible for climate changes in India?................................................................................8
Mitigation of problem............................................................................................................................9
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................10
References...........................................................................................................................................11

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Introduction
Sustainability is something that keeps the natural resources of the country to best use. In
order to maintain an ecological balance, country requires stopping the depletion of natural
resources. Various climate changes are affecting India. The major climate changes in India
include the flood, earthquake, rise in temperature, rains. All these changes are affecting the
health of the people as well the living sustainability. The discussion is done on the climate
changes that are affecting India. The introduction of various new technologies can help the
country to forecast the risks that can occur due to the changes in climate. Further, the
discussion is carried on the mitigation of issues that India is facing due to the climate
changes. Rise in temperature is a serious issue that country faces every year in summer. The
purpose of the report is to know the climatic changes that are affecting India. In some regions
of the country, this issue is affecting people’s health too much. Humans are the main cause of
this problem in India. Due to the climate changes in India, the current situation of the country
in danger. The recent example of heavy rains discussed in the report proves the climatic
changes affecting India.

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Sustainability
Sustainability means to ensure the development of present needs without any compromise of
future generation. The purpose of sustainable development is to take actions for development
of nation by reducing the problem of poverty and many other issues. The principle of
sustainability is to protect the planet and ensure to all people that they enjoy peace and
prosperity in the country (Whitehead et al, 2017). A path of socio and economic development
ensures the fulfilment of present generation needs, without damaging the ability of future
generation to meet their needs. The goal of the sustainability is to ensure that there will be no
problem of water scarcity as well good health will be ensured.
Climatic changes in India
Climate changes become a serious issue in India in recent time. Various climatic changes are
affecting country largely. The major climatic changes in India are extreme heat, drought,
glacier melt, groundwater, food and agriculture security, water security, energy security,
migration, health, rise in sea level (Pittock, 2017). All these changes are affecting the living
beings in the country. If all these changes continue to persist, the time will not so far, when
the country will be in danger. It is a serious issue for India where almost half of the country
depends on agriculture for their livelihood.
How climatic changes are affecting India
Climatic changes in India becoming the most important challenges in today’s time. In this,
the first challenge is human induced challenge. One-third population of the country is poor
which is affecting hardly from the climate changes. Government of India recognises that the
main climatical change is global warming. It is affecting the country seriously. The changing
rainfall pattern of India if increase by 2⁰ in future, it will make the summer monsoon totally
unpredictable (World Bank Group, 2018). Due to the growing population in the country,
water scarcity is increasing day by day. In some regions of the country, water has become a
serious issue. Even people do not have water to drink. India is in the top of the list that is
adversely affected by the climatical changes. The main cause of the climate changes is due to
the increasing global temperature. The climate of India is getting warm at fast rate. The
population of animal species mainly depend on the supplies of water and food, physical
safety conferred by stability of climate. The changing climate conditions affect all these

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conditions and which in turn puts a powerful impact on well-being of humans (Livemint,
2017). Due to increasing pollution in the country, water in the rivers are also getting polluted
and affecting the country.
In India, more than 60% agriculture is rain fed that is making the country dependent on
groundwater. It is founded that without any climatic changes, more than 15% of underground
resources are desecrated. Due to the growing population and increasing wastage of water
resources, it is becoming a serious issue and putting threat on the people and animals. Due to
the increasing changes in climate, rains sometimes come too much and sometimes there is no
rain. Due to this, food prices are increasing to a higher extent. The production of rice is a
major growing crop of India. Due to the rise in temperature and lower rainfall, it has caused a
heavy downfall in the production of rice (India Climate Portal, 2018). The recent studies
show that the production of rice was peaked in India in 2001 but it has not increased despite
of various fertilizer applications. The major reason of the decreasing rice production is high
temperature in Northern part of the India. Due to the 34⁰ temperature, the water scarcity was
faced and due to the water scarcity, it has a negative effect on the production of rice. Due to
all these issue, it is putting negative impact on the health of Indian people. There are various
health diseases faced by people like child stunning which is mostly prevalent among poor
population of India. The Child stunning is estimated to increase by 35% by 2050. The heat
waves in India are increasing the rate of death and mortality and extreme weather changes are
increasing.
India has 7500 km long coastal line that is exposed to hurricanes, floods, tsunami. Any
increment in climatic changes in coastline puts the serious effect on population. Due to the
changes in climatic condition, rivers of India are getting polluted. Due to this, the drinking
water that is taken by people leads to negative effect on their health. Most of the states such
as Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh depend on the river
water. Due the these climate changes, this year 200 people died in one month due to
lightning, thunderstorm and storms (Majra and Gur, 2009). In various parts of the country,
the temperature has reached to the 47⁰ degree that affected the lives of many people and put
them in danger.
A study on the climatic changes posted by International Monetary Fund, shows that most of
the country is affected by the global warming. From all the countries, India is the most
affected country from the global warming.

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The figure states that India is one of the most affected countries. The per capita output of the
country is expected to fall by 1.33 %. Flood is affecting the country in terms of destruction of
railways, roads, and infrastructure. The renovation prices of these things are in billion. All
these destruction putting a direct impact on the country’s GDP. Extreme rain and heat waves
affects the production of factories which in turn affecting the growth of industries (Thomas,
2018).
According to the data published by Ministry of Earth Sciences, in the last four year 4,620
people died due to the heat waves. The recent example of climatical changes in India has
proved that cause the high destruction to the lives of people. In the month of August, the city
of India, Kerala has faced high destruction due to the heavy rains. Due to the heavy rains,

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nearly 500 people were died and many become homeless. The monsoon season in the country
usually causes heavy rains but in recent time, Kerala has faced 42% more rain that was
expected. The much of the water was slowed down with the help of trees and other natural
obstacles. The state has lost nearly half of the trees. Water scarcity has also become the
serious issue in India. People are not aware using the water. The unnecessary wastage of
water has brought the company to that stage where water is ending (Faizi, 2018).
Who all responsible for climate changes in India?
In India, scientist research shows that human activities are the sole cause of warming climate.
The greenhouse gases that are released are making the country warmer day by day. In a
report, scientists stated that greenhouse gases across India are more than three times that was
observed in the past. The rising temperature in India is increasing day by day due to this one
sole aspect. There is no contribution of natural things in warming of the climate. Pollution is
damaging the environment in India due to which various health issues are spreading across
various regions of the country (Franchini and Mannucci, 2015). Western Himalayas of the
country has faced major difficulties due to the changing climate. Besides this, water scarcity
is increasing in India. Due to the unawareness of people regarding the use of water has putted
the country in danger. Besides human beings, industries are main responsible for the climatic
changes. The harmful gases produced by industries causing pollution in the country. Due to
increasing pollution, the temperature of India is rising. Pollution caused by Indian industries
affecting the ozone layer. This ozone layer produces ultraviolet rays that cause global
warming in India (Srinivasan, 2012). Due to this, climate changes occur in the country and
affecting many people for their survival. In addition, government is also responsible for
climatic changes in India. Due to lack of regulation in the country, industries are polluting the
environment. Although government has made various laws regarding managing the wastage
and harmful gases that affect the environment. Various industries are still not following the
rules strictly. Due to this, environment is getting too much polluted in India and affecting the
health of people.

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Mitigation of problem
The major impact of climatic changes in India is on the framers. Due to the climate changes,
20 to 255 of income of Indian farmers affect hugely. Lower rainfall, rise in temperature,
extreme weather all these threatens the agenda of Indian government. There are some ways to
counter these problems. Better management of farm and new technologies can help the
farmers to improve the irrigation system. Government can start investing money in
expansion, modernisation, and digital changes in technology of agro and ecological regions
by improving the climate and weather forecasting system of India. It can involve the various
programs and policies that can manage and mitigate the risks that can occur due to climate
changes (The Conversation, 2018).
By the development of “climate impact modules,” it can give a better understanding about the
climate changes effect on crop, fish farming, livestock, and forestry. Agriculture and climate
changes are interlinked to each other. Due to the global warming effect, it is affected too
much. It can adopt forestry, fishing, and agriculture practices to manage the water and soil
conservation practices in order to grow trees and crops. Besides this, it can start educating
farmers so that they can understand the climate changes that can affect their crops. India can
start working on such programmes that help in improving the value of land thereby reduce
the climate changes. There is need to strength the coverall capability by adapting innovating
technologies, as the impact of climate changes is not only limited to Agriculture.
Climate changes are the major reason for health issues among Indian people. Health care
communities also recognise that tracking and addressing the health impact of climate changes
is essential to strengthen the health of societies around the world. Proper health care system is
needed to address the issue. Various parts of India are uneducated so they do not properly
understand the various problems that changes in climate cause to their health. For addressing
this issue, it is mandatory for them to educate regarding the health issues that they can face.
Besides this, various regions of India is in the poverty line. They do not have money to take
proper health facilities that can save them from hazardous diseases. It can develop initiative
for the global climate health system. In various parts of the country, there is sometimes heavy
rains occurred that people do not aware even. In order to save the lives of people due to these

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climatic changes, it can start adopting advanced technologies for forecasting of weather. The
updated technologies can bring the climate changes to the notice of people.
Pollution has been spreading too much in the country. Due to this, it is making the country
more warmer. In spite of these, lack of greenery is also the cause of warmer temperature in
India. The problem can be mitigate by I can set the goals to reduce the emission of harmful
gases by switching to the electric and renewable energy vehicles. Hence, awareness of people
is necessary to save the country form various climate changes issues. In the past years, India
has done well to reduce the dependence on monsoon. In the last two years, growth did not
increase the inflation in the country. However, still there is need to enhance the productivity
of agriculture sector in India. It can be done by high penetration of insurance product.
Conclusion
In the limelight of above discussion, it can be concluded that there are various climatic
changes that is putting the country in danger. The various climate changes in country affects
the lives of people many times. Rise in temperature is the major issue faced by the country.
humans are the only cause of the rise in temperature issue. Besides this, unnecessary rain in
the country is affecting the thousands of people in India. Recently, the heavy rain in Kerala, a
state of India has affected the country. Many people have died in the rain while almost all
have lost their home in this serious issue. On the other hand, water scarcity is putting the
agriculture sector in danger situation. Almost all parts of the country’s agriculture system are
rain fed that is making the country to depend on groundwater. If water scarcity will continue
to persist in India, future ground water will not be enough. Farmers of India face several
issues due to changes in climate. In addition, Indian people are facing several health issues. In
order to save the country from climate changes, various steps can be taken by the country.
Human awareness is one of the steps that can save the country from changes in climate.
Climate changes put impact on the agriculture of India. Almost 50% of the country depends
on agriculture to maintain their standard of living. Therefore, it is required by the country to
adopt special technologies so that their loss can be minimised and standard of living can be
maintained.

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