CMP4267 Computer Systems

CMP4267 Computer Systems
Knowledge Based Article
Student Name :
Dept. name of organization (Your Course, Centre )

Task 1:
Innovative features in modern computing:
The spread of networking infrastructure and advancement of technologies has allowed the
devices to cross the boundary of being fixed to a location or being large in size. Several
advancement in VLSI manufacturing technologies has led to battery powered devices small
enough to fit in confined spaces. These progressions in technology when taken together and
applied to create a smart sensible autonomous network, form what is today called Internet of
Things. It allows small sensing devices to measure a parameter and communicate with a
controller. The information is available to user in real time for monitoring and systems can be
built to respond according to the sensed inputs.
These new class of devices are called IoT enabled equipment’s and have found way into
objects we use in our daily life. Something as small as an LED light to something as
important as a pacemaker. If we see it’s about providing ability to talk to a device in real time
and expanding that ability to any device. The IoT is enabled by cloud based services and
wireless network infrastructure to a great extent. The wireless and low power feature allows
device to be embedded into almost any size and place.
It has made a huge impact in health sector as personal measurement device that can collect
real time medical parameters and connect you to your healthcare provider. This makes for an
effective medical care solution and makes way for preventive care. It warns people
susceptible to a disease of the precursors that may lead to serious health issues and allows
them to take corrective actions. Another major area of its practical use is in smart buildings.
The sensors make the facility more secure as all security devices are now connected and
centrally monitored. Apart from that it provides mechanism to track movement of people
with in building. Apart from people, the tag devices are also being used for tracking object
movement across the area under surveillance. This has made managing logistics more
efficient and more accurate. The devices allow for tracking and tagging of luggage by means
of radio tags.
These are few examples of how the devices are enabling faster and accurate operations across
various business verticals. At the core of IoT is the ability to stay connected. That translates
to having information about the place in real time as and when required at current location of
the user. This is not limited to knowing but extended capability to make decisions and affect
that area which makes IoT a preferred choice when it comes to design an automated and
smart system.
IoT also comes with its own share of problems. The connectivity has put all data in to cloud
or internet. It is only a matter of time and effort for someone interested to get access to that
data and manipulate it. The availability of data and ownership of data are two most debatable
topics about using IoT devices especially in personal domain. In other domains where data is
important but there are still other issues related to decision making like in automated
vehicles. How much authority should be transferred to machines to make decisions and who
is responsible for any unfortunate incidents that may occur due to such action by device or set
of devices. Technology is only as good as we can use it. Future of IoT is promising and
advantages it brings to the way businesses work, it is definitely going to be the next big thing.

Task 2:
Home fire alarm system
a. The alarm has several conditions when it should be fired. These can be summarized in
a truth table as shown here:
Smoke Sensor Heat Sensor Moisture
Sensor
Power Sensor Alarm
X X X 1 1
1 X X X 1
X 1 0 X 1
1 1 1 X 1
The four conditions are listed here as logical conditions for Alarm to go high when
above conditions exist together.
b. Adding one more condition to above stated inputs, chemical odour detection also fires
the alarm irrespective of other inputs.
Smoke
Sensor
Heat Sensor Moisture
Sensor
Power
Sensor
Chemical
Odour
Alarm
X X X 1 X 1
1 X X X X 1
X 1 0 X X 1
1 1 1 X X 1
X X X X 1 1
c. The above listed truth table can be implemented using a single 4 input OR gate and 1
AND gates that receive inputs from sensors and check for certain condition to co-exist
before alarm is fired. Mind that one of the input to AND gates is inverted to meet the
criteria for triggering the alarm. The design can be implemented using gates as shown
here:
d. The output can be expressed as an equation of the form Sum of Products:
Q = Smoke + (Heat . !Moisture) + Power + Chemical
If either of the Smoke or power or Chemical sensors go high, the alarm will be fired.
Another condition is if Heat sensor goes high but no moisture is detected. If Heat and
Moisture are detected together, the alarm is not raised unless smoke is also present.