To determine the emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholders of the hospitality industry in an attempt to manage crisis successfully. A study on Rosewood Hotel London.

This research aims to identify the emerging ways through which collaboration can be established with stakeholders within the hospitality industry in order to manage crisis such as Covid-19 pandemic successfully. The study is restricted to the hospitality industry of UK where the interview of 5 stakeholders of Rosewood hotel will be performed in order to identify what ways they have adopted for collaborating with its stakeholders towards the successful management of current crisis.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Table of Contents
CHAPTER – 1: INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................3
Background of the research.........................................................................................................3
Research aim and objectives........................................................................................................3
Research questions.......................................................................................................................3
Rationale of the research..............................................................................................................4
Research Scope............................................................................................................................4
Overview of Methodology...........................................................................................................4
Chapter preview...........................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER – 2: LITERATURE REVIEW......................................................................................6
Theme 1: Concept of crisis management in hospitality industry.................................................6
Theme 2: Emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholders to address the crisis situation in
hospitality industry......................................................................................................................6
Theme 3: Challenges faced by hospitality organization to overcome the crisis situations.........7
CHAPTER – 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..........................................................................9
CHAPTER – 4: DATA ANALYSIS & FINDINGS.....................................................................11
CHAPTER – 5: DISCUSSION......................................................................................................14
CHAPTER – 6: CONCLUSION...................................................................................................17
REFLECTION ON OWN PERFORMANCE DURING RESEARCH PROCESS......................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21
Books and Journals....................................................................................................................21
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................24
Interview Questions...................................................................................................................24

TITLE: To determine the emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholders of the hospitality
industry in an attempt to manage crisis successfully. A study on Rosewood Hotel London.
CHAPTER – 1: INTRODUCTION
Background of the research
Collaboration with stakeholders is a significant aspect especially with reference to
hospitality industry of the contemporary world due to highly changing tastes and preferences of
the customers. The great crisis has been taken place within the hospitality industry of all global
economies as a result of emergence of Covid-19 pandemic across the globe (Zhong and et.al.,
2021). Such a situation is demanding for collaboration with different groups and institutions
associated with the business to interact effectively with each other in order to collaborate their
efforts for the reduction of the effects of crisis. The present research is based on Rosewood hotel
based in London United Kingdom to indicate what are ways that could be adopted by this
hospitality concern in order to overcome or manage the crisis concerning the industry.
Research aim and objectives
Aim:
 To determine the emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholders of the hospitality
industry in an attempt to manage crisis successfully. A study on Rosewood Hotel
London.
Objectives:
 To evaluate the concept of crisis management in hospitality industry.
 To analysis the emerging ways related to collaboration with stakeholder groups in
hospitality industry to address the crisis situation.
 To determine various challenges organisation address to overcome the crisis situation in
hospitality sector.
 To provide necessary recommendations for addressing different challenges of crisis
management in hospitality sector.
Research questions
 What does the term crisis management mean with reference to hospitality industry?

 What are the emerging ways related to collaboration with stakeholder groups in
hospitality industry to address the crisis situation?
 What are the various challenges organisation address to overcome the crisis situation in
hospitality sector?
Rationale of the research
The research aims to identify the emerging ways through which collabiroration can be
established with stakeholders within the hospitality industry in order to manage crisis such as
Covid – 19 pandemic successfully. This is being chosen as a research issue because the
hospitality industry is one of the highly affected industry due to the advent of pandemic. Also,
the research aims to determine what challenges does the hospitality company usually faces while
managing the crisis situation.
Research Scope
The study is restricted to the hospitality industry of UK where the interview of 5
stakeholders of Rosewood hotel will be performed in order to identify what ways they have
adopted for collaborating with its stakeholders towards the successful management of current
crisis.
Overview of Methodology
The qualitative research will be performed where thematic analysis of the data gathered
through interview of 5 stakeholders of Rosewood hotel will be done. Also, the findings will be
discussed critically with reference to existing literature.
Chapter preview
Litrature Review: In this chapter the secondary sources of information will be used to state the
opinions, findings and views of different authors, studies and journals in order to address the
research issue.
Research Methodology: In this chapter the methodology such research type, approach,
philosophy, sample of the research, data collection and analysis techniques that the researcher is
going to adopt will be presented.
Data analysis & findings: Here the transcript of the interview will be analysed to determine the
opinions, views and suggestions of Rosewood's stakeholder.
Discussion: The findings of the interview will be supported with existing literature and
accordingly, recommendations will be made future perspective.

Conclusion: The summary of the entire research will be presented in this chapter.

CHAPTER – 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction: In this chapter, the concept of crisis management, emerging ways pf
collaborating with stakeholders and challenges faced by hospitality organization in overcoming
crisis situation will be critically review. For this, the existing literature will be referred to in order
to present the views, opinions and findings of the authors.
Theme 1: Concept of crisis management in hospitality industry
As per the views of Berbekova, Uysal and Assaf (2021), crisis refers to an adverse series of
events or incidents that has the potential to damage the organization in terms of its operations,
employee base and reputation. On the other hand, crisis management can be defined as a set of
factors or ways that are designed to fight with the crisis situation, so that the effect of damaged
caused by the crisis could be reduced.
With reference to the opinion of Burhan and et.al., (2021), Hospitality industry is found
to be highly prone to crisis due to the complex and fragmented structure of the industry where
great interdependencies can be seen of one sector over the other. Sectors of the hospitality
industry involves food and beverage, lodging, recreation, travel and tourism and meetings &
events.
In other words, crisis management can be defined as the application of strategies to assist
organization in dealing with sudden negative events such as Covid – 19 pandemics which is
considered as an unpredictable events and have causes potential risks for almost all the industries
such as hospitality industry.
Theme 2: Emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholders to address the crisis situation in
hospitality industry
Collaborating with stakeholders involves a process where people or groups having
different or similar perspectives exchanges their viewpoints in search for solutions to the
problem faced by them. The solution obtained as a result of stakeholder collaboration goes
beyond of their individual vision of what is possible.
There are different ways through which collaboration can be done with stakeholders by an
organization such as the one suggested by Ivanov and et.al., (2020) that is, navigating people
which means gaining insights of who the stakeholders are and what are their needs and
expectations. With this, organization can show their stakeholders that how their project would be

helpful in adding value their team, their work and the entire business. Therefore, determination
of key stakeholders who are essential for the business must be done to collaborate effectively.
Another way of collaborating with stakeholders is to establish the roles of each stakeholder
to indicate what is expected from them which would be beneficial in smoother combating with
the crisis. The purpose, timeline and constraints must be indicated to stakeholders for the
identification of better solutions.
Fung, C., Tsui and Hon (2020) has stated that team collaboration is the most common way
of collaborating with business stakeholders where equal collaboration from each team member is
expected for finding the solution to the crisis. On arriving at a solution, equal recognition is
given to all the team members or stakeholders.
Moreover, network collaboration is found to be the best way of collaborating with
stakeholders during crisis where individual stakeholder take action suiting their own interest.
This way of collaboration is possible through social media tools where network members
virtually collaborate with each other by posting helpful information regarding customer
expectation and referral solutions to combat with the crisis situation Lai and Wong (2020). In
this way, solutions that competitors or other market players are adopting can be suggested to the
business to be applied during crisis.
Theme 3: Challenges faced by hospitality organization to overcome the crisis situations
There are several challenges faced by hospitality organization during the situation of crisis
due to high potentiality of risks to both business reputation and human life while considering
Covid – 19 like situations.
Pavlatos, Kostakis and Digkas (2021) has stated the challenges during crisis occur due to
both the availability of either too much or too little information. They stated too much
information results from the opening of floodgates of communication swing where not only the
quantity of information is the matter of concern but also the quality of information is a cause of
concern. It becomes a challenge due to the absence of right technology through which a
centralized dashboard can be established allowing stakeholders to monitor and report the
situation in real time. Accordingly, too little information is a challenge where reliance on just
one channel could be problematic because stakeholder reliance lead to restricted self – interest of
different stakeholders while providing information or suggestions to business Perkins, Khoo-
Lattimore and Arcodia (2020).

Another challenge is the unpredictable situations paused by crisis which makes is impossible
to plan for crisis. In other words, the arrival and departure of the crisis can’t be predicted and
accordingly, a future becomes uncertain.
Several other challenges involve change in taste of customers, irregular cash flow and
change in marketing trends which makes the implementation of existing policies impossible
Bhattacharya and Fayezi (2021).
Summary: From the above review of literature, it has been identified that collaboration with
stakeholders during crisis time helps in collective planning and decision – making to arrive at an
effective solution. There are several researches performed with reference to crisis management
but the present research is meant for managing crisis through stakeholder collaboration.

CHAPTER – 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research type: There are two types of research that is, quantitative and qualitative research.
Quantitative research involves collection and analysis of numeric data where predictions and
testing of casual relationships are done to generalize the findings to wider population. Qualitative
research is done through observing and interviewing participants to understand their attitude
through establishing face to face communication. In this research, the qualitative research will be
performed to understand the attitude of Rosewood’s stakeholder towards the crisis management.
Research approach: There are two types of research approach that is, inductive and deductive
approach where the former is meant for qualitative research while the latter is meant for
quantitative research. In this research, inductive research approach will be adopted to address the
research question concerning the qualitative research. The approach will be suitable in moving
from set of observations obtained through stakeholder’s interview to a more general set of
propositions such as established theories. Also, the descriptive research design will be followed
to systematically describe the phenomenon and situation concerning the stakeholders with
regards to ways of collaboration during crisis.
Research philosophy: There are two types of research philosophy which involves positivism and
interpretivism where the former is suitable for quantitative research while the latter is suitable for
qualitative research (Pandey and Pandey, 2021). In this research involves qualitative data
collection and analysis, the interpretivism philosophy will be adopted by the researcher while
evaluating the qualitative data related to the emerging ways of stakeholder collaboration while
managing crisis successfully. This philosophy is chosen to get in – depth insights about the
feelings of Rosewood’s stakeholders with respect to the emerging ways of collaborating with
stakeholders during crisis situations.
Sampling: It refers to choosing the participants of the research from large population by taking
into account the research issue. There are several methods used for determining the sample of the
research such as probability sampling, non-probabilistic sampling, random sampling, cluster
sampling, etc. Under this research, the simple random sampling method will be adopted to select
5 stakeholders of Rosewood hotels. The random selection will be done from board of directors,

investors and Human resource manager to get 2 board of directors, 2 investors and 1 human
resource manager.
Data collection: It refers to the gathering of information with regards to the concerned research
issue (Snyder, 2019). There are two methods of collecting data that is, primary and secondary
data collection. In this research both primary and secondary data will be collected with reference
to the research issue. To gather secondary data, the books, journals, articles and other published
sources of information will be referred to and accordingly, presented in a critical manner.
Moreover, to gather primary data, interview of five stakeholders of Rosewood will be conducted
which involves investors, board of directors and human resource manager to gather their
perspective with regards to the emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholder during crisis
situation.
Data analysis: There two ways of analyzing the researched data that is, SPSS and thematic
analysis where the former is suitable for quantitative research while the latter is suitable for
qualitative research. In this research, as the collect data is of qualitative nature, the thematic
analysis will be adopted where themes are formed to analyze the interview transcript and the
findings will be presented through supporting it with the existing theories and literature.
Research reliability and validity: To ensure the reliability of gathered data, only those secondary
sources of information will be referred which are copyright protected (Mohajan, 2018). Also, to
ensure that the researched data is valid, up – to data and suitable to address the current research
issue, only the data published after the year 2018 will be taken into account.
Ethical consideration: The researcher will ensure that the entire research will be conducted by
fulfilling the requirements of ethical considerations. For this, the consent form will be filled with
interviewee before conducting their interview and no inhuman behavior will be encouraged at
any stage of the research. Also, all the principle of ethical consideration will be satisfied
throughout the research and the gathered data will be kept confidential.

CHAPTER – 4: DATA ANALYSIS & FINDINGS
Introduction: In this chapter, the responses obtained through interviewing five stakeholders of
Rosewood hotel will be presented and analyzed critically. The responses will be thematically
analyzed by forming themes based on research objectives and interview questions. The major
and important stakeholder of Rosewood hotel include Board of directors, investors and human
resource manage (representing the employees of the hotel).
Theme 1: Meaning of crisis management
On interviewing five stakeholders of Rosewood hotel, the opinions with regards to crisis
management are quite similar for different stakeholders. Board of directors have stated that
managing crisis means dealing with serious events causing or threatening organization of
harmful outcomes while investors have stated that crisis management is necessary actions taken
by the management of the company to combat crisis in order to have successful financial
outcomes. On the other hand, human resource manager as a representative of hotel’s employees
has stated that crisis management means dealing with unanticipated event that is supposed to be
having negative outcomes for the company. In this way, different stakeholders have given
similar meaning for crisis management during interview.
Theme 2: Ways adopted by organization to collaborate with stakeholders during crisis
situation
With reference to the responses obtained from stakeholders of Rosewood Hotel, the two
board of directors have stated that emergency Management information system is the most
effective way of collaborating with stakeholders during crisis times while investors have stated
that crowdsourcing based crisis management is the emerging way of collaborating with
stakeholders with reference to Rosewood and other competitive business operating in hospitality
industry to overcome the crisis situation effectively. On the other hand, decision support system
was suggested by human resource manager as the emerging way of stakeholder collaboration
with regards to hospitality industry.
Theme 3: Importance of collaborating with stakeholders while facing crisis

There are different views obtained with regards to the importance or benefits associated
with stakeholder collaboration from different group of stakeholders. Like, board of directors
stated that collaborating with stakeholders is necessary for implementing supportive decision
making system while human resource manager has given his opinion that stakeholder
collaboration allows for managing crisis in such a way that ensures fulfillment of interest of all
the stakeholders.
Furthermore, investors have stated that if collaboration with stakeholders are in place
while facing crisis situation, then it would helpful in detecting and resolving issues at the earliest
without losing much value due to getting delayed in decision - making and implementing the
same.
Theme 4: Challenges faced while overcoming crisis situation
On asking interviews about the challenges faced while combating with the crisis
situation, it was identified that there are several challenges faced by hospitality industry such as
availability of too much or too little information, unpredictability of future situations, changes in
tastes and preferences of customers, etc. Interviewee representing the Rosewood hotel’s board
have stated that availability of too much or too little information along with ensuring its
reliability is the big challenge faced during crisis situation. On the other hand, human resource
manager representing the opinions and views of Rosewood’s employees has stated that changes
in tastes and preferences of customers during crisis times is the biggest challenges for any
hospitality concern to deal with whereas investors have given their opinions with regard to
challenges faced as the unpredictability of future situations.
Theme 5: Strategies for effective stakeholder engagement during crisis situation
Interviewees associated with different groups of stakeholders have given different
opinions with respect to the strategies for effective stakeholder engagement. Like, Board of
directors have stated that effective stakeholder engagement could be ensured by identify
significant stakeholders and communicating with them as soon as possible while facing crisis or
experiencing environmental changes. On the contrary, human resource manager has given his
opinion as “the strategy of being dictator don’t work in crisis situation however collaboration
with team members and other members of wider community is the best way to combat with crisis

situation”. Also, the investors have given their response with regards to the strategy for effective
stakeholder engagement by stating that “collaboration should not be restricted to just informing
stakeholder about the crisis and how the organization is dealing with the same rather
stakeholders must be provided with the opportunity to get consistently involved in crisis
management”.
Summary: After analyzing the responses of different stakeholders of Rosewood hotel, it has
been identified that emergency management information system, decision support system and
crowdsourcing based crisis management are the emerging ways of collaborating with
stakeholders during crisis. Also, the importance of stakeholders includes supportive decision
making, fulfilling interest of wider stakeholders of the company and facilitation of earlier
detection and resolution of issues. Furthermore, challenges associated with crisis management
involves availability of too much or too little information, unpredictability of future, etc. At last
several strategies for combating crisis have been suggested by different stakeholders.

CHAPTER – 5: DISCUSSION
From the above analysis based on interviewee’s responses, it has been identified that each
stakeholder of the business is interested in getting engaged with it and give their opinions with
regards to the issues facing the business. In this chapter, the responses of interviewee’s will be
supported with existing literature with respect to the stakeholder collaboration to deal with the
crisis situation.
As per the views of Nyanjom, Boxall and Slaven, (2018), crisis management is an
activity or actions taken to deal with the situation or unanticipated event that has occurred and
have the potentiality of causing harm to the business which in turn would lead to negative results
for the company.
There are several ways emerging with respect to stakeholder collaboration during crisis
times where the stakeholders of Rosewood have responded that emergency management
information system, decision support system and crowdsourcing based crisis management are the
emergency ways in which hospitality industry is dealing with current crisis occurred due the
advent of Covid – 19 pandemics. As per the views of Albats, (2018), ERIS is the web-based
system through which database are maintain for crisis responses which provides real time
information to decision makers across the globe. The benefit of using this method involves
quality and efficient information along with getting information of how government is
responding to the face of crisis because of standard operating procedures are in place. Also,
decision support system is a dynamic way allowing stakeholders to interact with each other and
other collaborators as well which leads to effectives actions and decision-making. Moreover,
crowdsourcing based crisis management facilitates sharing and updating of information by
affected communities which assists organizations in allocating resources, prioritizing actions for
relief and preparing plans accordingly.
During interview, there are numerous importance of stakeholder collaboration while
facing crisis which involves supportive decision making, fulfillment of the interest of all business
stakeholders and detection of issues at the earliest. As per the view of Kuenkel, (2019),
collaboration is way through which organization can make effective and better decisions as a
result of deriving advocacy through stakeholder’s engagement during crisis. Accordingly, such

support gained through collaboration facilitates achievement of goals that are aligned with
organization’s strategy, mission and long term vision.
Moreover, stakeholders of Rosewood hotel have stated that there are several challenges
faced by the organization while overcoming crisis situation which involves volume of
information, uncertainty of future and changing tastes and preferences of customers. This can be
supported through the opinion of Towner, (2018), who states that the with the strike of
emergency, the high level management gets overwhelmed with the volume of information that
came their way from all angles which creates the issue of ensuring the reliability of such
information. Also, the future is highly uncertain and accordingly, predictions cannot be made for
future conditions through drafting report and preparing plans in isolation. 5 has identified that
Covid – 19 crises have resulted in changes in tastes and preferences of customer in a great way
such as customers are now willing to buy food items online rather than visiting hotels frequently.
In such circumstances it is not possible to implement traditional plans and policies.
Van der Wal, (2020) has stated that it is no longer sufficient to simple inform
stakeholders about the organization’s plan to deal with the crisis rather participation of
stakeholders must be encouraged for decision making which is possible through identifying
important stakeholders of the business and establishing effective communication with them. This
in turn would be helpful in avoiding dictatorship and decisions can be made in collaboration with
wider community during crisis.
Recommendations
The following recommendations could be made to Rosewood hotel with regards to the ways of
stakeholder collaboration to overcome crisis:
 The EMIS should be adopted to ensure standard procedures for obtaining quality and
efficient information during crisis time (Nohrstedt and et.al., 2018).
 Also, crowdsourcing based crisis management should be adopted which ensures crisis
management in both supportive and collaborative manner by obtaining suggestions from
wider communities.
Research limitation

This research is limited in terms of the sample size which is restricted to five, however
the same has been overcome through random selection of interviewees from different groups of
stakeholders. In future, this limitation would be overcome through engaging more stakeholders
such customers, business partners, community members and unions.

CHAPTER – 6: CONCLUSION
The above research was based on identification of emerging ways of collaborating with
stakeholders at the time of crisis to deal with the same in effective manner. The research aims to
address the research issue by investigating three major areas which involves understanding the
concept of crisis management, emerging ways of collaborating with stakeholders during crisis
times and challenges faced by hospitality industry in overcoming with the crisis situation.
For addressing the research issue, the data has been gathered through both primary and
secondary sources. The secondary information has been collected through reviewing literature
existing in books, journals, articles and other publications pertaining to crisis management and
stakeholder collaboration (Wut, Xu and Wong, 2021). On the other hand, the primary
information has been gathered through interviewing the stakeholders of Rosewood hotel.
For selecting the sample respondents for the interview, the random sampling method was
adopted for different groups of stakeholder and accordingly, the five interviewees are selected
which involves 2 investors, 2 board of directors and 1 human resource manager representing the
employees of the hotel.
Further, the interview was conducted and the views and opinions of stakeholders are
obtained with reference to the research issue. Through the data obtained, it has been identified
that there are several ways emerged during the current crisis of posed by Covid – 19 pandemic
with regards to collaborating with stakeholder which involves adoption of EMIS, implementation
of decision support system and crowdsourcing based crisis management (Parker and et.al., 2020).
Also, there are several importance of stakeholder collaboration determined during the research
such as supportive decision making, facilitation of satisfaction of all the stakeholders of business
and earlier and easy detection of issues and their potential to harm the organization (Nohrstedt,
2018). Moreover, several challenges associated with effective crisis management has been found
out through this research such as volume and reliability of available information, inability to
predict future circumstances and changes in customer’s tastes & preferences (Silvestre and et.al.,
2018). At last, several strategies that could be adopted by hospitality industry for effective
stakeholder engagement has been identified which involves involving rather than just informing
stakeholders for better collaboration, earlier identification and establishing effective

communication with stakeholders and communicating with wider communities rather than
exercising dictatorship while combating with crisis.

REFLECTION ON OWN PERFORMANCE DURING RESEARCH
PROCESS
In this research, I have selected the most common issue facing the hospitality industry as a result
of emergence of Covid – 19 pandemics which has caused crisis situation across the globe
especially for hospitality industry. I began with the framing aim and objectives of the research to
determine the scope or extent to which research will be done. By framing aim and objectives, I
was able to search the data in a concise and specific manner which accounts for addressing
research issue in a better way (Leta and Chan, 2021). Also, I have prepared timeline for the
research which was found to be very helpful in completing the research within the set time
period by avoiding any delay. Timeline was found to be helpful in many aspects for me such as
sequence of tasks and the duration assigned to each tasks, so that the research could be
completed on the set deadline. Accordingly, it contributed towards my time management skills.
Moreover, with regards to the sources used in the research, I have used both primary and
secondary sources of information which have improved my referencing and searching skills. As
the primary information was gathered through interview, I interact with boards of directors and
human resource manager which further add to my communication skills. At first hand, I was
quite nervous to initiate communication with the interviewee because this was the first time I
was conducting interview but due to the supportive and understandability of interviewee, I was
successful in gathering the relevant data through interview. Furthermore, for the data that I have
gathered through secondary sources, I have explored many books, journals and articles that are
already published and based on crisis management. This was possible due to my referencing
skills through which I was able to identify reliable, relevant, authentic and valid sources of
information in order to ensure high quality of the current research.
After completing this research, many areas personal, professional and career development
has improved because of several skills learnt during the research. I was able to improve my
written communication skills as the research involves great writing work. Also, time
management skill has improved where I learnt that how task should be prioritized to meet the
desired goal and how delay in one task causes hampering of the entire project (Wut, Xu and
Wong, 2021). Moreover, I have realized that I have to work on my critical thinking skills

because as I have poor critical thinking skill, I faced several issues in presenting the views of
authors and theories in a critical manner while the literature review chapter was going on.
However, due to the consistent assistance from my lecturer I was able to come up with my
weakness and accordingly, completed the literature review chapter effectively. This in turn, has
created a base for enhancing my critical thinking skills further.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Albats, E., 2018. Facilitating university-industry collaboration with a multi-level stakeholder
perspective.
Berbekova, A., Uysal, M. and Assaf, A. G., 2021. A thematic analysis of crisis management in
tourism: A theoretical perspective. Tourism Management, 86, p.104342.
Bhattacharya, A. and Fayezi, S., 2021. Ameliorating food loss and waste in the supply chain
through multi-stakeholder collaboration. Industrial Marketing Management, 93, pp.328-
343.
Burhan, M., and et.al., 2021. Crisis management in the hospitality sector SMEs in Pakistan
during COVID-19. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 98, p.103037.
Fung, C., Tsui, B. and Hon, A. H., 2020. Crisis management: A case study of disease outbreak in
the Metropark Hotel group. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(10), pp.1062-
1070.
Ivanov, S. H., and et.al., 2020. Biosecurity, crisis management, automation technologies and
economic performance of travel, tourism and hospitality companies–A conceptual
framework. Tourism Economics, p.1354816620946541.
Kuenkel, P., 2019. Stewarding sustainability transformations in multi-stakeholder collaboration.
In Stewarding Sustainability Transformations (pp. 141-205). Springer, Cham.
Lai, I. K. W. and Wong, J. W. C., 2020. Comparing crisis management practices in the hotel
industry between initial and pandemic stages of COVID-19. International Journal of
Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Leta, S. D. and Chan, I. C. C., 2021. Learn from the past and prepare for the future: A critical
assessment of crisis management research in hospitality. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 95, p.102915.
Mohajan, H. K., 2018. Qualitative research methodology in social sciences and related
subjects. Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, 7(1), pp.23-48.

Nohrstedt, D., 2018. Networking and crisis management capacity: A nested analysis of local-
level collaboration in Sweden. The American Review of Public Administration, 48(3),
pp.232-244.
Nohrstedt, D., and et.al., 2018. Managing crises collaboratively: Prospects and problems—A
systematic literature review. Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, 1(4),
pp.257-271.
Nyanjom, J., Boxall, K. and Slaven, J., 2018. Towards inclusive tourism? Stakeholder
collaboration in the development of accessible tourism. Tourism Geographies, 20(4),
pp.675-697.
Pandey, P. and Pandey, M. M., 2021. Research methodology tools and techniques. Bridge
Center.
Parker, C. F., and et.al., 2020. Collaborative crisis management: a plausibility probe of core
assumptions. Policy and Society, 39(4), pp.510-529.
Pavlatos, O., Kostakis, H. and Digkas, D., 2021. Crisis management in the Greek hotel industry
in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Anatolia, 32(1), pp.80-92.
Perkins, R., Khoo-Lattimore, C. and Arcodia, C., 2020. Understanding the contribution of
stakeholder collaboration towards regional destination branding: A systematic narrative
literature review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 43, pp.250-258.
Silvestre, B. S., and et.al., 2018. Challenges for sustainable supply chain management: When
stakeholder collaboration becomes conducive to corruption. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 194, pp.766-776.
Snyder, H., 2019. Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and
guidelines. Journal of business research, 104, pp.333-339.
Towner, N., 2018. Surfing tourism and local stakeholder collaboration. Journal of
Ecotourism, 17(3), pp.268-286.

Van der Wal, Z., 2020. Being a public manager in times of crisis: The art of managing
stakeholders, political masters, and collaborative networks. Public Administration
Review, 80(5), pp.759-764.
Wut, T. M., Xu, J. B. and Wong, S. M., 2021. Crisis management research (1985–2020) in the
hospitality and tourism industry: A review and research agenda. Tourism
Management, 85, p.104307.
Wut, T. M., Xu, J. B. and Wong, S. M., 2021. Crisis management research (1985–2020) in the
hospitality and tourism industry: A review and research agenda. Tourism
Management, 85, p.104307.
Zhong, L., and et.al., 2021. Tourism crisis management: Evidence from COVID-19. Current
Issues in Tourism, 24(19), pp.2671-2682.

APPENDIX
Interview Questions
Q. What do you understand by crisis management?
Q. What ways does your organization adopt to collaborate with stakeholders during crisis
situation?
Q. What is the importance of collaborating with stakeholders while facing crisis?
Q. What are the challenges faced by your organization to combat the crisis situation?
Q. What are the strategies of effectively engaging stakeholders during crisis situation adopted by
your organization?