Communication Models for Conceptual Representations

Running head: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Question 1
Communication models are used to depict the ideas, concepts or thoughts of an
individual with the help of pictorial representations and diagrams. The models help in the
clear understanding of the concepts. Effective communication helps in the success of an
individual in various aspects related to his life. This is an interpersonal skill and helps in
learning the way by which the communication of a person can improve. Communication
process between individuals involves the encoding and decoding process (Austin &
Pinkleton, 2015). Encoding refers to the conversion of any information from a system to the
other system with the help of codes. Codes include symbols, letters or signs. The code and
the system are related to each other and this together makes the communication process more
effective. In the process of communication, the encoder acts as the source of information and
encodes the information or the message properly within his mind and thereby sends the coded
information to the receiver. After receiving the message, the receiver interprets it with the
help of his own intellect levels and his experience as well. The source of this process is the
main part of the communication and the communication process is incomplete without him
(Gelles, Moitra & Sahai, 2014). The next part of this communication process is the receiver
or the decoder of the message. Communication is a continuous process and this comprises of
the source of the information and the destination as well. Decoding refers to the ability of the
receiver of the message to decode or interpret the message sent by the source or encoder
according to the understanding and the intellect level of the decoder. The decoder interprets a
message easily if the information sent by the source is clear and simple. The receiver will
further send the message to the sender or the source and the communication process
continues in this manner (Harley, 2013). The message sent by the source should be accurate,
clear and meaningful and it has to designed in such a way so that the readers, listeners and the
viewers are not confused or mistaken. Encoding refers to the formation of the message and

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decoding refers to the audience or listener of the message that has been encoded. There are
many factors that negatively impact the encoding and decoding process of communication.
The main problem occurs when the process of encoding the information is poor (Jandt, 2012).
The message fails to create the right effect and fulfil the objectives of the communication.
This includes the poor phrasing of the words which can completely change its meanings. This
problem can also occur in case of the translations of the messages when there is a language
difference. The problem can also occur from the part of the decoder and the way by which he
interprets the messages. In this case the message that has been sent by the source is clear,
however, the process of the interpretation of the message is incorrect or the message has been
received in a different manner (Laghari & Connelly, 2012). The other issue in the encoding
and decoding process is the failure of the medium by which the message has been sent. The
medium of communication acts as an important factor in the communication process. The
signals that are sent by the communication medium can be faulty which can result in the
failure of the process. The noise or disturbance in the communication process can also act as
factor that influences the effectivity of the communication. The loud noise can affect the
ability of the receiver to listen to the message. When J.B. started his journey with Vivek and
Amit, where Amit was appointed as his interpreter, the three factors that are discussed above
have affected their journey (Robson & Robinson, 2013). They joined J.B. after he arrived
India and was finding the place and the environment quite different from where he belongs.
Though Amit was his interpreter, still there was huge communication gap between them and
this has led to many misunderstandings between them.
Question 2
There are four different types of barriers of communication which includes semantic
barriers, personal barriers, organizational barriers and emotional or psychological barriers.
Semantic barriers include the bad way of expression of a message where the language of the

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communication is a barrier. The difference in the meanings of the words and the way they are
translated or interpreted is also a barrier in communication (Shrivastava, 2012). The
assumptions made by the receiver of the messages and the clarification given by the sender is
a factor that affects the communication process. The technical jargons that are used in the
communication process and the body language of the sender is another barrier in the
communication. The emotional barriers include the evaluation of a message without thinking
about the contents of the message or making decisions before receiving the messages. The
attention of the receiver of the message towards the contents or information in the message
acts as a barrier as well. The message that has been sent can also be lost in the process of
transmission and the trust factor of the receiver of the message is a barrier as well (Sutter &
Kieser, 2015). The other types of barriers that are likely to occur in a communication process
are the personal barriers, which includes the barriers of communication that is related to the
superiors in the organization and the subordinates as well. The barriers faced by the
subordinates is related to the authority of the superiors and the challenge posed to them and
the lacking confidence of the subordinates. The barriers that are faced by the superiors
include the lack of willingness of the superiors to communicate and the lack of importance
given to the ideas and suggestions of the superiors by the subordinates is another personal
barrier. In case of the three main characters of the movie, that is, J.B., Rinku and Dinesh the
semantic barriers have a lot of impact (Trenholm, 2017). The difference in the language
spoken by them and the different meanings of the words is a barrier for the three characters.
The faults in the translation of the message that is communicated is also an important barrier.
The psychological emotional barriers have also impacted their process of communication.
The evaluation of the messages before listening, the lacking attention of the characters
towards each is an important factor in the process of communication. The trust level between
the characters is also quite low because of the differences between them, which also acts as a

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barrier in the communication process (Turaga, 2016). The personal barriers also influence the
communication process of the three characters in the movie. The relation of the superiors and
subordinates, that is, J.B. and two the boys and the level of communication between them
acts as a barrier between them (Youtube.com., 2017).
The incident in my life where I overcame a communication barrier is as discussed
further. I have faced many communications related problems with my superiors in the
organization where I am working. The problem occurred as I have newly joined in the
organization. The main problem that I have faced is the in this process is to communicate my
problems to the superiors of the organization. I was facing some major problems regarding
the work process in my organization. However, I was unable to share these problems with my
superiors or my colleagues as well. However, in the due course of time I have tried to
coordinate with my superior in the organization and further share my problems with him.
From there on my superior has also been supportive with me and helped me in understanding
the work process of the organization and adjust to the environment as well.

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References
Austin, E. W., & Pinkleton, B. E. (2015). Strategic public relations management: Planning
and managing effective communication campaigns (Vol. 10). Routledge.
Gelles, R., Moitra, A., & Sahai, A. (2014). Efficient coding for interactive
communication. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 60(3), 1899-1913.
Harley, D. (2013). Scholarly communication: cultural contexts, evolving
models. Science, 342(6154), 80-82.
Jandt, F. E. (2012). An introduction to intercultural communication: Identities in a global
community. Sage Publications.
Laghari, K. U. R., & Connelly, K. (2012). Toward total quality of experience: A QoE model
in a communication ecosystem. IEEE Communications Magazine, 50(4).
Robson, A., & Robinson, L. (2013). Building on models of information behaviour: linking
information seeking and communication. Journal of documentation, 69(2), 169-193.
Shrivastava, S. (2012). Comprehensive modeling of communication barriers: a conceptual
framework. IUP Journal of Soft Skills, 6(3), 7.
Sutter, M., & Kieser, A. (2015). How consultants and their clients collaborate in spite of
massive communication barriers. International Journal of Business Communication,
2329488415613340.
Trenholm, S. (2017). Thinking through communication: An introduction to the study of
human communication. Routledge.
Turaga, R. (2016). Organizational models of effective communication. IUP Journal of Soft
Skills, 10(2), 56.

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Youtube.com. (2017). million dollar arm - YouTube. Youtube.com. Retrieved 16 November
2017, from https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=million+dollar+arm