Ultra Wide Band (UWB) System Analysis

This document presents an analysis of a project focused on Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication systems. The student encountered challenges with spectrum overlap and interference, leading to high Jam-to-Signal ratios. To address this, the student employed frequency domain analysis and implemented notch filtering techniques to reduce interference. The project also involved channel estimation using Gaussian noise and testing the UWB passband for optimal signal performance.

Competency Demonstration Report (CDR)
Career Episode 1

CE 1.1: Introduction to the Undertaken Project
Name of the Project : Frequency domain processing of ultra-wideband signals
Geographical Location : [Please Fill]
Project Duration : [Please Fill]
Organization : [Please Fill]
Position in the Project : Team Member
CE 1.2: Background of the Telecommunication Project
CE 1.2.1: Features of the Undertaken Project
During my academic study, I have learnt that the concept of ultra wideband radio is quite
simple when the interference is absent from the propagation path. I have further observed that the
availability of significantly high indoor interference, multipath and dense in-band due to the
application of the conventional services increases the complexity of system implementation and
power transmission in the UWB (Ultra Wide band) systems. Therefore, in this project I have
focused on enhancing the performance and simplicity of design for the development of UWB
system. I have focused on applying the front end FFT and sampling method for improving the
robustness of performance. I have aimed at evaluating the time domain convolution operation in
the project for enhancing the frequency operations and reducing the energy requirement of the
antenna operations. In this project, I have considered for conducting the FFT analysis over a
particular time domain for analyzing the performance over the particular frequency domain.
Page 1 of 8

CE 1.2.2: Aims and Objectives
I have aimed at reducing the complexity of design of Ultra Wideband system while
reducing cost and increasing the efficiency and performance of the UWB signal. I have focused
on system evaluation on the basis of frequency domain and time domain for evaluating the
performance and functionality of the developed UWB signal. In addition to that, I have
developed the following objectives for timely completion of the project:
 To identify the operation and functionality of the UWB signals;
 To evaluate the various formula and operational characteristic for the UWB system;
 To conduct the analysis of the developed UWB system using matlab simulation;
CE 1.2.3: Characteristic of my work in the Undertaken Project
In this project, I have taken significant amount of responsibility in developing the
appropriate plan for developing the UWB symbol. Moreover, I have identified the technical and
operational requirement for the UWB system and for the analysis of the signal. In addition to that
I have analyzed the system with proper simulation environment for ensuring the appropriate
performance and operations.
Page 2 of 8

CE 1.2.4: Organizational Structure Associated with this Project
Figure 1: Team Member associated in this project
CE 1.2.5: My Duty Statement
For the easy and simple implementations of the undertaken project, I have divided the
module into several divisions. In the initial division of work, I have characterized the required
functionality and operation of the UWB system. Further, I have used the identified formula in the
proposed system and conducted the analysis for evaluating the performance and functionality. I
have further conducted the analysis of the UWB system using Matlab Simulation Software.
Page 3 of 8

CE 1.3: Distinctive Engineering Activity
CE 1.3.1: Theory and Vital Components of the Project
In this project, I have used priori as the template waveform of pulse for processing and
detecting the UWB signals from the transmitter. The pulse waveform propagates through the
continuously changing channels in presence of the narrowband interferences and the thermal
noise. In this project, I have considered the anechoic characteristic of the processing required for
the UWB particle. I have utilized this pulse for simulating a randomly time hopped sequence.
From the sequence I have created total number of 128 pulses with impulsive autocorrelation
functionality. I have further used this composite waveform for constructing the required
waveform required for the UWB signal. I have further utilized front end FFT and high speed
sampling method for developing the appropriate design of effective and low cost UWB system.
Moreover, I have combined the interference and simulated noise for illustrating the FD technique
for estimation and synchronization of the response for the channel.
CE 1.3.2: Application of Appropriate Engineering Skills and Knowledge
For the processing of the UWB signals for the frequency domain, I have worked for the
estimation of an appropriate algorithm for demonstration of the channel. In this project, I have
used r and x as the two real signals in cross correlation. For evaluating the discrete time between
them, I have used the following formula:
λ rx (n) = Σ r (m) x (m – n)
Page 4 of 8

In this above equation, I have used DFT convolution for representing the waveform in
matrix transformation. In this project, through the application of the above equation I have
obtained that the value of λ rx (n) = r (n) )⊗ ( – n). I have therefore obtained the expression of
the frequency domain as Λ (k) = R(k)X ∗ (k). I have used matched filtering operation for
including the impact of interference rejection in the UWB channel. I have used Matlab Software
in personal computer for including the routine correlation of 0.85 seconds.
CE 1.3.3: Task Accomplishment and Delegation
I have carried out detailed study and evaluatin of the roject details for evaluating and
identification of the appropriate formula for developing the operatin of time domain convolution.
I have further used Fourior representation of the several time functiona that I have used in the
frequemcy domain for UWB.
CE 1.3.4: Technical Problem and Difficulties Faced
Issue: During my work in this project, I have observed that the spectrum overlaps with
each other in the UWB applications resulted in severe interference in the receiver side of the
transmitter. I have further limited the transmitter power within a few ten microwatts of power.
But, I have faced significant issue in this project more watt of power was being generated due to
the additional interference observed. As a result, the jam to signal ration during the initial study
has exceeded more than 60 dB.
Solution: For resolving the issue, I have analysed the narrowband interference in multiple
view frequency domain and simulated the signals with large impulses. From the analysis I have
learnt the only the non-linearly and notch filteerin frequency clpping exceeds the masks. I have
therefre addedd the signals in the frequency domain. Through this approach, I was successful in
Page 5 of 8

delivering simple FD method for identifying all the possible FFT peaks exceeding the average
applicable noise. In addition to that, I have observed that the additional cost required for the
channel is proportional to the number of added filter and filter’s size used in the project.
CE 1.3.5: Creative Work Strategies
During the testing phase of the project, I have conducted the channel estimation for the
UWB communication. I have selected Gaussian noise for receiving the appropriate waveform. Ii
have used the training set for filtering the required template. I have further extracted the response
information of the channel for simplification if the tracking and other operation in the UWB. I
this project, I have further measured the transmitted signal, response signal and response vector
for estimating the noise in presence of the Gaussian non-singular noise within the channel.
Through the application of the frequency domain approach I was successful in simplifying the
task with the determination of matrix and eigen values of the frequency indices. Furthermore, I
have conducted detailed testing of the UWM pass band and utilized the rectangular spectral
window containing the original waveform. The obtained results showed optimum UWB signal
without the additional of extra external noise.
CE 1.3.6: Team Work Done
In this project I have performed collaborative work with associated team member for the
completion of the project. I have further involved myself with several team meetings and
sessions for discussing about the project progress and plan for implementation. In addition to
that, I have collaborated with the project manager for discussing about the project standard that
need to be followed for the UWB system. In addition to that, I have reviewed the processing of
Page 6 of 8

the signal on the frequency domain and provided the team members with detailed guidance for
project completion.
CE 1.4: Summary of the Project
CE 1.4.1: Overall view of the Undertaken Project
After the completion of the project, it has been identified the maximum feasibility of the
UWB system has been limited with the processing complexity of the signal and the low sensitive
data rate. The application of the correlative signal and interference rejection during signal
acquisition has made the frequency domain computationally feasible. Further, the application of
the FFT results has allowed in the significant operational reduction of complexity in the UWB
system. Therefore the project has been a success and I was able to reduce the energy, delay and
time cost required for the UWB system.
CE 1.4.2: My Personal Contribution to Project Activities
I have reviewed the performance and the operations of the ultra wide band system before
initiating the practical work required for evaluation. I have studied and analyzed the past studies
and technology used in the UWB signal for enhancing the performance. I have assisted the team
members with the application of my engineering skills and knowledge for the evaluation and
implementation of the UWB system. Apart from that, I have collected the appropriate data in
developing the required project report and documentation.
Page 7 of 8