Impact on Employee Retention PDF

Running head: DISSERTATION
Factors contributing to job satisfaction among employees and impact on
employee retention - An overview of Private Sectors in Dubai, UAE
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1DISSERTATION
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................6
1.1 Introduction............................................................................................6
1.2 Research Background.............................................................................7
1.3 Problem statement.................................................................................9
1.4 Research aim........................................................................................10
1.5 Research objectives..............................................................................10
1.6 Research questions..............................................................................11
1.7 Research hypothesis............................................................................11
1.8 Significance of the research.................................................................11
1.8 Structure of the dissertation.................................................................12
1.9 Summary..............................................................................................13
Chapter 2: Literature Review.........................................................................14
2.1 Introduction..........................................................................................14
2.2 Concept of job satisfaction among employees.....................................14
2.3 Theoretical perspectives of job satisfaction.........................................15
2.4 Factors that contribute job satisfaction to the employees...................17
2.5 Concept of employee retention in workplace.......................................19
2.6 Theoretical perspectives of employee retention..................................20
2.7 Elements those are important to retain maximum employees............22
2.8 Impact of job satisfaction on employee retention in private sector......23
2.9 Conceptual framework.........................................................................24
2.10 Literature Gap....................................................................................25
2.11 Summary............................................................................................25

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Chapter 3: Research Methodology.................................................................26
3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................26
3.2 Research Onion....................................................................................26
3.2 Research Philosophy.............................................................................27
3.3 Research Approach...............................................................................28
3.4 Research Purposes...............................................................................30
3.5 Research Strategy................................................................................30
3.6 Data collection methods.......................................................................31
3.7 Sampling method and technique..........................................................31
3.8 Data analysis techniques......................................................................32
3.9 Ethical considerations...........................................................................33
3.10 Reliability and validity of data............................................................33
3.11 Limitations..........................................................................................34
3.13 Timescale...........................................................................................34
3.14 Summary............................................................................................34
Chapter 4: Data findings and analysis...........................................................36
4.1 Introduction..........................................................................................36
4.2 Discussion.............................................................................................36
4.3 Summary..............................................................................................65
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations............................................67
5.1 Conclusions..........................................................................................67
5.2 Linking with objectives.........................................................................68
5.3 Recommendations................................................................................70
5.4 Future scope of the study.....................................................................75
Reference List................................................................................................77

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Appendices....................................................................................................85
Appendix 1.................................................................................................85
Appendix 2.................................................................................................86
Appendix 3.................................................................................................92

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List of Figures
Figure 1.1: Structure of the research.............................................................16
Figure 2.1: Two-factor theory of Herzberg.....................................................19
Figure 2.2: Conceptual Framework................................................................27
Figure 3.1: Research Onion...........................................................................30
Figure 3.2: Research Philosophy....................................................................31
Figure 3.3: Research Approach......................................................................32
Figure 4.1: Gender profile of the participants................................................41
Figure 4.2: Age profile of the participants.....................................................42
Figure 4.3: Tenure in the Private sector of Dubai..........................................43
Figure 4.4 Work process in private sector.....................................................48
Figure 4.5: Role matches up to the expectation............................................48
Figure 4.6: Salary Packages and Job satisfaction...........................................49
Figure 4.7: Growth in short-tenure at workplace...........................................50
Figure 4.8: Leadership traits in achieving skills.............................................50
Figure 4.9: Motivation to work for employees...............................................51
Figure 4.10: Scope of career development....................................................52
Figure 4.11: Role of co-workers in job satisfaction........................................52
Figure 4.12: Organisational culture in job satisfaction..................................53
Figure 4.13: Economic climate and employee retention...............................54
Figure 4.14: Competition to low rate.............................................................55
Figure 4.15: Confidence in working...............................................................55
Figure 4.16: Job satisfaction with retentions..................................................56
Figure 4.17: Willingness to retain employees................................................57
Figure 4.18: Employee retention strategies help in job satisfaction..............57
Figure 4.19: Employee retention and profitability.........................................58
Figure 4.20: Employee retention and high performance...............................59

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List of Tables
Table 3.1: Sampling technique......................................................................35
Table 4.1: Reliability test score......................................................................40
Table 4.2: Gender profile of the participants.................................................40
Table 4.3: Age profile of the participants.......................................................42
Table 4.4: Tenure in the Private sector of Dubai...........................................43
Table 4.5: Average score analysis.................................................................46
Table 4.6: Correlation analysis on factors for job satisfaction.......................63
Table 4.7: Correlation analysis on factors for employee retention................66
Table 4.8: Correlation between job satisfaction and improvement in
performance due to retention........................................................................67

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Abstract
This research sheds light on the factors contributing job satisfaction and its
impact on employee retention. The main focus has been on the private
sector companies in the Dubai. Dubai based private companies have been
facing the issues of low employee retention. The main reason behind the low
employee retention is that the organisations do not provide enough job
satisfaction to the employees. Employees in the private companies of Dubai
are from mainly foreign employees who come from Dubai for employment
purposes. In this research, the aim is to explore the factors that contribute
job satisfaction to the employees and its impact on employee retention. The
topic itself suggests that there are two variables, job satisfaction and
employee retention. This research has been done based on five major
chapters. In the first chapter of the research, the aim, objectives and
questions have been developed with identifying the problem statement of
the study. In addition, significance of the study has been made clear in the
very first chapter. The objectives of the research are to identify the factors
contributing job satisfaction, the reasons behind employee retention, impact
of job satisfaction on employee retention and recommend the solutions
about employee retention to the private companies of Dubai. In the literature
review section, scholarly articles have been reviewed to underpin the
theoretical standpoint of the subject area. In this regard, the concept and
theories of two variables have been discussed. Herzberg’s two-factor
theories and discrepancy theory have been discussed. A conceptual
framework diagram has been given in order to provide visual presentation of
the issue.
In the research methodology chapter, the data collection process and data
analysis technique have been reviewed. In this section, positivism
philosophy, deductive approach and observational purposes have been
chosen in order to collect the data. In this research, survey has been
conducted to 50 employees of private sector in Dubai in order to collect the

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data. In addition, 20 close-ended questions have been made based on Likert
scale. The collected data have been analysed using SPSS analysis and
correlation and regression process. Cronbach alpha has been used in order
to test the reliability of the study. The gathered data provides a view that
employees in private sector of Dubai have been facing the issue of job
security and the employees do not get any extra advantage. In addition, the
employees lack the morale in the workplace as they do not get the extra
benefits. It has been recommended that PRIDE system can be used to
provide job satisfaction and job security can be ensured to employees to
increase employee retention.