The Concept Of Biometric Authentication

1/29/2020
Name of the student: Siddharth Mehta
Student Id: 4580480
Supervisor Name: Farhad Ahmed
Biometrics
Smart Home Automation by
Biometrics

Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................................3
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Objectives........................................................................................................................................4
Significance of the research.............................................................................................................5
Research problem............................................................................................................................5
Research Questions..........................................................................................................................6
Types of Biometric Technologies....................................................................................................6
Hand geometry.............................................................................................................................7
Voice control................................................................................................................................8
Facial scan....................................................................................................................................9
Fingerprint and Iris scanning.....................................................................................................13
Potential benefits...........................................................................................................................15
Enhancement of security at home..............................................................................................16
Dynamic for the addition of extra components..........................................................................16
Improved energy conservation...................................................................................................17
Central management of all the home appliances and devices....................................................17
Enhanced machine functionality................................................................................................17
Direction on home management................................................................................................17
Smart Home Automation...............................................................................................................18
Transforming and integrating your biometrics capability.............................................................20
Systems integration expertise.....................................................................................................22
Issues in Integrating Biometrics.................................................................................................23
Integrated Biometric Technology Development........................................................................24
Device Capabilities.................................................................................................................24
Development Issues................................................................................................................24
Support Issues.........................................................................................................................24
Cost issues in Biometrics...............................................................................................................25
Security concerns...........................................................................................................................26
Legal and ethical issues.................................................................................................................26
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Proposed Method and Future Work...............................................................................................27
Conclusions....................................................................................................................................28
References......................................................................................................................................30
Table of figures
Figure 1: Hand geometry recognition.................................................................................... 8
Figure 2: Voice Controlled Home Automation System...............................................................8
Figure 3: Facial recognition.............................................................................................. 10
Figure 4: Fingerprint recognition........................................................................................ 14
Figure 5: Types of fingerprints.......................................................................................... 15
Figure 6: Thumbprint door scanner..................................................................................... 16
Figure 7: Elements of a Smart Home...................................................................................19
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Abstract
The concept of biometric authentication came into the scenario owing to the loopholes
present in the structural framework of face recognition fetching the purpose of authentication.
Biometrics, which is also referred to as biometric authentication, is the process of establishing
the identity of an individual based on the behavioral and physiological characteristics, also
known as the identifiers or traits. This report aims to highlight the contrasting features and
aspects of a biometric system of authentication for the purpose of rendering security to the
residential complex and dwellings to combat the unauthorized access of the intruders,
trespassing in the properties of others. This report concludes the necessity of implementing
biometrics for the purpose of rendering A-grade protection to the dwellings and the residences
from the external intruders. This report has performed a thorough qualitative analysis of the
concerned topic based on real-time evidence and data collection from an authentic source,
which is free from any sort of manipulation and biasness.
Keywords: Biometric, fingerprinting, face recognition, identifiers, traits, qualitative analysis.
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Introduction
This is one of the new advances in technology that the internet of things has been able to
come into significant play. This is a system that has been able to interlink devices and machines
with humans with the use of unique identifiers such as voice, iris, and face without having the
necessity of interaction of the person and the computer. There are many technologies involving
biometrics control that have now been integrated into the smart home systems.
Biometric systems offer many benefits as compared to the traditional authentication
systems. The biometric systems are more reliable and efficient than the password system. This is
because the biometric identifiers or traits cannot be forgotten or lost, and at the same time, they
are difficult to share, copy, and distribute. The biometric systems require the individual to the
individual to be authenticated to be present at the point and time of authentication. Hence, a
biometric system is a powerful alternative to traditional authentication systems (Dharavath &
Talukdar, 2013).
This report has played out an intensive subjective examination on the concerned point
dependent on ongoing confirmations and information gathering from a genuine source, which is
free from any sorts of control and biasness. The report incorporates all the necessary
methodologies and tools for the purpose of biometric authentication. This includes the
authentication based on-retina scanning, fingerprint scanning, voice recognition, and facial
recognition.
Objectives
This report aims to highlight the contrasting features and aspects of a biometric system of
authentication for the purpose of rendering security to the residential complex and dwellings to
combat the unauthorized access of the intruders, trespassing in the properties of others. This
study has performed a thorough and profound analysis of the following scenario incorporating
the positive aspects of the applied technology as well as the vulnerabilities embedded within the
architecture.
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Significance of the research
The significance of the research is profound and extensive. The significance is summarized in
the subsequent section:
a) The face recognition property of the biometric authentication is significant, owing to the
fact that the facial postures vary for individuals. Hence, this is very authentic for the
purpose of identity verification of the individuals.
b) The property of recognition of the retina is the most outstanding procedure. The retina of
an individual, the orientation of the eyeball, the alignment of the lens, the distribution of
the rod and the cone cells, the viscosity of the aqueous humor, and the category of the iris
is the unique property of an individual. Hence, the forging of the above-mentioned
parameters is very difficult. Hence, the system deploying the retina verification is very
authentic in regards to rendering security and imparts a robustness to the infrastructure of
the security systems of the residences.
c) The voice recognition parameter of the biometric authentication is also significant. This
procedure compares the voice of the individual to that recorded in the database and grants
access only in the case of a 100 percent match. Hence, this approach is also enticing.
Finally, comes the fingerprint recognition. The application of the fingerprint recognition is
perhaps the second durable method of authentication in the chronology after the retina
recognition. The fingerprint for an individual is the unique property of an individual. The pattern
of a fingerprint is diversified for different individuals. Even the fingerprint of different fingers is
also different. Hence, the methodology is appropriate for the authentication purpose
Research problem
There are 3 contrasting problems associated with biometric authentication. They are summarized
below:
a) Although it may seem that the fingerprint and the facial properties of individuals are
unique properties of the individuals. They cannot be forged as fingerprints, and the facial
properties cannot be replicated. However, the cyber predators are capable enough to gain
access over these properties as well through the implementation of the brute force attacks
and phishing activities. The facial properties of the individuals like the eyes, ears and
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nose are exposed to the external environment and hence it is not a big deal for the cyber
predators to replicate the same through the implementation of ultra-sensor-based
technologies.
b) The fingerprint of an individual can be easily replicated through the prototyping
techniques as fingerprint gets recorded in certain devices when it comes to physical
contact with the fingerprint of the individuals. The software deployed for the purpose of
imitating the fingerprint of the individuals is the VeriFinger software.
c) The vulnerability of the voice recognition system lies in the fact that the voice can be
imitated through the recording activities and can be used for the purpose of forgery,
thereby gaining unauthorized access over the restricted property of the individuals.
Research Questions
This study was guided by the following research questions;
a) What are the biometric systems?
b) What are the benefits of implementing an unautomated biometric system in the
residential and commercial dwellings?
c) What are the behavioural and psychological traits which are used in the biometric
identification systems?
d) How does the automated biometric system work?
e) Which are the commonly used biometric systems in the current world and their benefits?
f) How can an automated biometric system be implemented in a residential and a
commercial dwelling?
Types of Biometric Technologies
Biometric referrers to an automated application of the behavioral or physiological
characteristics to establish or verify the identity of an individual. Many aspects of this definition
need a lot of elaboration. The biometric traits are divided into two broad categories. I.e.
a) Behavior
b) Physiological
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Behavioral or physiological attributes; biometric authentication depends on the
estimation of particular conduct and physiological qualities. Facial-check, finger - examine,
hand-filter, retina-sweep, and iris-check are considered as physiological biometrics, in light of
the direct estimation of a piece of the human body (Choi & Moon, 2017). Mark output and
voice-filter are considered as social biometrics; since they depend on, estimating and getting
information from and the activity performed by an individual and henceforth by implication
measure qualities of the human body. Time is critical to the social biometrics-the characteristic
being estimated is typically attached to an activity; for example, the marked or spoken
arrangement of words, which have a start and completion. The conduct or physiological
arrangement is a significant method for looking into the kind of biometric innovations that are
accessible. By and by, the physiological/conduct differentiation is n somewhat fake. The conduct
biometrics s is typically founded on or to a limited extent physiology, for example, the state of
the vocal ropes when the voice - examine is utilized or the skill of the fingers and turns in the
marking filter. The physiological biometric technologies have similarly informed the behavior of
the user, for instance, the way in which a user looks at the camera or the way he/she presents a
finger (Yang & Zheng, 2019).
There are numerous biometric systems and technologies to facilitate diverse kinds of
implementations. To select the correct biometric to be extremely effective for the particular state,
one has to map through several multifaceted vendor products as well as keep an eye on future
technology-based plus standards enhancements. Below is an outline of biometrics technology
and systems.
Hand geometry
Hand geometry entails assessing and analyzing plus determining the structure and shape
of the hand. It might be appropriate where there are more clients or where clients access the
system occasionally. Accurateness is able to be extremely high if preferred, as well as flexible
performance tuning plus arrangement are able to contain numerous applications. Corporations
are making use of hand geometry readers in diverse scenarios, comprising attendance and time
recording (Yang & Wang, 2018).
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