Smart Home Automation by Biometrics Assignment 2022

Running head: SMART HOME AUTOMATION BY BIOMETRICS
SMART HOME AUTOMATION BY BIOMETRICS
Name of the student: Siddharth Mehta
Student Id: 4580480
Supervisor Name: Farhad Ahmed
Research Project

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Abstract
The concept of biometric authentication came into the scenario owing to the loopholes present in
the structural framework of face recognition fetching the purpose of authentication. Biometrics
which is also referred to as Biometric authentication is the process of establishing identity of an
individual based on the behavioral and physiological characteristics also known as the identifiers
or traits. This report aims to highlight the contrasting features and aspects of biometric system of
authentication for the purpose of rendering security to the residential complex and dwellings to
combat the unauthorized access of the intruders, trespassing in the properties of others. This
report concludes the necessity of implementing biometrics for the purpose of rendering A-grade
protection to the dwellings and the residences from the external intruders. This report has
performed a thorough qualitative analysis on the concerned topic based on real time evidences
and data collection from authentic source, which is free from any sorts of manipulation and
biasness.
Keywords: biometric authentication, face recognition, identifiers, traits, qualitative analysis

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract...................................................................................................................... 2
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS................................................................................................. 3
1.0INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 5
1.1Research background............................................................................................ 7
1.2 Aims and objectives............................................................................................. 8
1.3 Significance of the research................................................................................. 8
1.4 Research problem................................................................................................ 9
1.5 Research Questions............................................................................................ 10
1.6 Research structure/ research diagram...............................................................11
2.0LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................................... 13
2.1 introduction........................................................................................................ 13
2.2 Biometric systems.............................................................................................. 14
2.21 finger print scanning........................................................................................ 15
2.22 Face recognition............................................................................................... 16
2.23 Hand Geometry................................................................................................ 16
2.24 Iris recognition.................................................................................................. 17
2.3 Working of a Biometric system...........................................................................18
2.4 Literature gap..................................................................................................... 19
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY................................................................................ 20
3.1 Introduction........................................................................................................ 20

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3.2 use of questionnaires......................................................................................... 21
3.21 Benefits of using questionnaires......................................................................21
3.22 Disadvantages of using questionnaires............................................................24
3.3 secondary sources.............................................................................................. 24
3.4 Analysis of the biometrics studies......................................................................25
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS..............................................................................27
4.1 Proposed solution............................................................................................... 27
5.0 CONCLUSION...................................................................................................... 29
6.0 REFERENCES...................................................................................................... 31

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The need for an accurate user authentication method has greatly increased with the wake of
heightened issues about rapid advancement in communication, mobility, networking and
security. Biometrics refers to the science of recognizing an individual based on legitimate
techniques for determining an individual’s identity. Biometrics which is also referred to as
Biometric authentication is the process of establishing identity of an individual based on the
behavioral and physiological characteristics also known as the identifiers or traits as illustrated in
figure 1 below. The traits include; finger prints, face, iris, hand geometry, voice, signature,
keystrokes among others.
Fig 1: Classification of Biometric identifiers /traits

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Biometric systems offer many benefits as compared to the traditional authentication systems.
The biometric systems are more reliable and efficient than the password system. This is because
the biometric identifiers or traits cannot be forgotten or lost and at the same time, they are
difficult to share, copy and distribute. The biometric systems require the individual to the
individual to be authenticated to be present at the point and time of authentication. Hence, a
biometric system is a power alternative to the traditional authentication systems.
Biometric authentication is based on the principle of measurable behavioural or physiological
characteristics such as voice sample or fingerprints. Usually the biometric systems can be used
in two modes i.e. identity verification which is also referred to as one-on-one comparison or
authentication , this occurs when the user claims to be enrolled in the system ( the user then
will be required to present an identification card or a login name) in this scenario the biometric
data which is obtained from the user are compared to the data which is stored in the data
base
This report has performed a thorough qualitative analysis on the concerned topic based on real
time evidences and data collection from authentic source, which is free from any sorts of
manipulation and biasness. The report incorporates all the necessary methodologies and tools for
the purpose of biometric authentication. This includes the authentication based on-retina
scanning, fingerprint scanning, voice recognition and facial recognition.
1.1 Research background
The main objective of this research is to automate the homes using biometric system for the
authentication purpose rendering security to the dwellings and the residential complexes. The
concept of biometric authentication came into the scenario owing to the loopholes present in the

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structural framework of face recognition fetching the purpose of authentication (Berini et al.
2016). The background of biometric authentication comprises the key and contrasting aspects of
its characteristic features that are summarised below:
 Fingerprint technology has wiped out the loopholes of all the prevailing
authentication methodologies dominating in the market so far for the ages (Jin egt
al. 2016). There is no further requirement to undergo the hassles of entering pins
and passwords for the purpose of securing the dwellings.
 The unique property of fingerprint lies in the fact that the fingerprint is different
for individuals and hence cannot be replicated fetching the sole purpose of
forgery.
 The basic drawbacks of the password oriented authentication system is that the
users might forget the passwords or the pin set up by them at any point of time
(Deutschmann et al. 2016 ). However, the fingerprint of the user cannot change
even with the advancement in the age of the individuals.
 The space consumed for the installation of the fingerprint-oriented system is
minimal in contrast to the space consumed by the other authentication systems
fetching the same purpose of rendering security to the residences.
 However, there is no scope of breach of the fingerprint unlike the other password-
protected systems, as fingerprint cannot be shared unlike the passwords and the
pin-protected systems.
Keeping in mind all these contrasting aspects, the biometric recognition system made its
appearance in the market for the purpose of protecting the homes from the intrude