Assignment on Concepts of Cultural Competency Model

Running head: CONCEPTS OF CULTURAL COMPETENCY MODELS 1
Concepts of Cultural Competency Models
Alanda Charles-Sam
CUNY SPS
Leading and Managing Health Care Disparities in Underserved Populations
NUR 621-01
Professor Nokes
February 23rd 2020

CONCEPTS OF CULTURAL COMPETENCY MODEL 2
According to this, nurse
leaders at all levels must
references
I. Introduction of cultural competency models
A culturally competent healthcare service for patients integrates various factors such as
ethnicity, nationality, literacy, socioeconomic status, gender, and profession (Napier et al.,
2014). This paper will compare two cultural competency models-
“The Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services” model by
Josepha Campinha-Bacote and "Purnell Model for Cultural Competence" by Larry D. Purnell
and their effectivity on healthcare disparities. According to the process of cultural
competence in the delivery of healthcare services, healthcare provider works efficiently by
recognising cultural competence within diverse cultural backgrounds. The model is based on
five constructs of cultural competence- awareness, skill, knowledge, desire, and encounter
(Campinha-Bacote, 2019).
Purnell’s model for cultural competence is based on different sized circles where four
outer rings consist of concepts that are global society, community, family, and patient, and
twelve small inner rings containing cultural domains based on the patient evaluation,
including- geographical background and profession, language, role of family and
organisation, barriers in workplace, ethnic and racial differences, high-risk lifestyle, nutrition,
pregnancy, death ritual, spirituality, healthcare practices and professionals (Purnell & Fenkl,
2019). This model represents an organised framework and its application in various fields of
healthcare helping healthcare professionals to assess transcultural competence in healthcare
by learning about cultural diversity. This model connects the historical background of the

CONCEPTS OF CULTURAL COMPETENCY MODEL 3
culture and global cultural perspective of the individual giving rise to culturally competent
care; therefore, it is chosen as the best cultural competency model.
II. Contrast and comparison of model concepts
For explaining the use of cultural competency models in reducing healthcare
disparity, the following concepts are discussed. In Josepha Campinha model, cultural
competence is a process not an incidence which comprises of five constructs - the first
concept is cultural awareness where healthcare provider should be aware of the patient’s
culture and respect it to avoid imposition of their own beliefs; second concept is cultural
knowledge where the healthcare provider should obtain an education on diverse culture of
patients, third concept is cultural skill where the healthcare provider conduct cultural and
physical assessment by collecting cultural data of the patient, fourth concept is cultural
encounter which motivates the healthcare provider to modify their existing beliefs on
different cultural background by interacting with the patients, the fifth concept is cultural
desire is the expression of curiosity about patient’s culture while caring for them (Isaacson,
2014). On the other hand, five concepts of Purnell’s model - first is global society which
influences people to change views about diverse culture; second is community which
assimilates people based on social concepts and dialect; third is family to which a person is
emotionally connected and the structure and roles of each individual in the family changes
based on age, socioeconomic status, marital status and migration; fourth is individual who
continually adapts to changes in the environment, society and the fifth one is health which is
considered a wellness state in ethnocultural group permeating all other concepts containing
twelve cultural domains mentioned before(Abitz, 2016).
The three current healthcare disparities in the US according to recent researches are-
firstly heart disease affects African Americans more than the non-Hispanic Whites; second