Construction Practices and Management

This document provides an overview of construction practices and management. It covers topics such as the development and professionalism in the construction industry, scope and linkage between parties, types of contractual work, different types of construction companies, modern construction methods, contract planning techniques, impact of BIM on operations, and the integration of health and safety in the construction process.

Construction practices
and management

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK1.............................................................................................................................................3
P1 explanation of construction industry has developed and encompasses professionalism in its
structures......................................................................................................................................3
P2 Scope and linkage between all parties in construction organization......................................4
P3 Types of contractual work tendered by the contractors..........................................................5
TASK2.............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Different type of construction companies..............................................................................6
P5 Explanation of relationship between different construction organization..............................6
TASK3.............................................................................................................................................7
P6 Modern construction and sequences of construction industry...............................................7
P7 Explanation of contract planning techniques used in macro and micro projects...................8
P8 Identify where BIM impact upon operations and construction companies............................8
TASK4.............................................................................................................................................9
P9 Explain how health and safety has now become an integrated part of the construction
process.........................................................................................................................................9
P10 Describe government legislations which has benchmarked health and safety within
construction..................................................................................................................................9
P11 Discuss the role of collaboration and communication in ensuring safe working practice. 10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The concept of construction management is referred as the professional services that uses
various specialised factors in their working. Project management is described as the
technique that involves planning, designing and constructing a particular project from its
starting to the end phase. The main purpose of construction management is to manage and
control over the project time, its respective cost, quality and delivery factors. in this report
an industrial complex is designed and implemented that is situated near parallel highways in
London. The complex is separated from one of the highway by last flowing river. The river
is about 20m. wide and lies in the middle of 4 km land space between the complex site and
two highways. In this report professionalism in the construction industry structure, scope,
linkage between all parties of organisation and various contractual works are being
mentioned. Different types of construction companies, various contract planning techniques
and their use in the macro as well as micro projects are also discussed in this project report.
TASK1
P1 explanation of construction industry has developed and encompasses professionalism in its
structures
Construction industries have various special characteristics, attributes, expertise and skills to
implement plans into the real actions. Some of characteristics and professionalism that is
required at every level of structure are discussed below:
Approach: Approach is the most effective factor that ensure the success of every
organization. In construction industry most appropriate approaches are used according to various
situations. So, it facilitates the business to ensure employment success.
Mindset: Designs that are prepared in the construction industries for the building new
constructions is the thoughtful process. These designs are formulated after considered all
important factors.
Behavior: The behavior is contractors is respectful and calm. They can take effective
decision in the difficult situation and they also have analytical skills.
In construction industry various professional are working in different field (Alwan, Jones,and
Holgate, 2017). These are specialized in their work. These professionals are known as the

architect, civil engineer, automation engineer, structural engineer and scheme holders. They
encompass various roles in the construction organization that are discussed below:
 They have responsibility to maintain and improve overall designing of surrounding.
 Manage various people by providing them trainings, guidance, and PDP programs.
 Expend existing skilled education factor that facilitates organization to complete all
operations in defined manner.
 They have control over all principals and activities of organization in order to run it
effective as well as in efficient way.
In order to complete the project in successful manner, it is required to complete the project on
time with quality (American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017). Professionals help in the
attainment of goals and objectives and prepare effective plan to develop structure in effective
way. Construction professionals are specialized person who are able to create construction
design, develop suitable structure for the project of building complex.
P2 Scope and linkage between all parties in construction organization
Construction organization and its all offices included head office and site office manage
their relationship to ensure long term development. In the various scope of market, it is important
to develop appropriate framework that is based upon the functions and performance. Appropriate
plans and management facilitate to align all human resources and materials. If all parties of
construction organization linked with each other effectively then all decisions are taken in
appropriate way.
Linkage between all parties in construction organization: In process of completing
construction project various parties are involved that perform their defined task in effective
manner. These parties can be from public as well a from private sector. In the construction
business involved parties are client, architect or engineer and general contractor. All these parties
are linked with each other by creating business agreement or contract for the completion of
project with efficiency. Construction process includes design whole process, engineering
construction and its management as well as maintenance.
Construction project of complex can start their project execution after client describes all
funds and resources for the project and provide approval from the relative authorities
(Bloom,2019). When all the above step is completed, client approach the architect for the
completing construction process in required manner. In medium as well as large size projects,

construction is completed by the by appointing workforce directly. In this process, they hand
over the selected portion of work to the general contractor and remaining to the direct contractor
or appoint general contractor for the whole construction.
The main contractor is liable for the designing whole process and general contractors is
responsible for the construction of project (Çankaya, and Sezen, 2019). All decisions are taken
by the client and these contractors work as the representative of the client. In the turnkey contract
whole work regarding the designing and construction is done by the general contractor. So, all
parties are interrelated to each other for efficiently completion of construction.
P3 Types of contractual work tendered by the contractors
Contractual work is defined as the work that is created under a legal agreement or contract
e between the contractor and client. Various types of work are being tendered by the contractors
as well as manage it in order to complete future construction work in effective manner. There are
four type of contractual work that are tendered by the contractors are discussed below:
Time and material contracts when scope of project is not clearly defined: In this
contractual work that is tendered by the contractors time and material are decided for the
particular project and there are no specific scope of project is decided. At the end of time as well
as material, the contract is ended between the parties. In the agreement time and materials are
described clearly which are the base of contract.
Unit price related contracts: In this contractual work price of every unit is decided within
all construction is conducted. All department or unites have their own separated price for the
construction.
Cost plus contracts: In this contractual work cost is not decided for overall construction
project. It is ended at the completion of the project, if cost is not sufficient then contractor add
additional cost in order to complete contraction project in efficient manner.
Fixed price contracts: In fix price contracts, price of overall construction is decided priorly. All
functions are performed under defined resources and cost (Famiyeh,2017). In the agreement or in
contract this amount is clearly mentioned.
These contractual work and procedures help the organization to achieve all defines goals and
objectives and supply better quality goods as well as services within defined time period. For the
competition of projects on defined time period contractors consider time and pricing
technicalities appropriately.

TASK2
P4 Different type of construction companies
Construction firms are divided according to the structure and type of task that are performed by
the employees. There are various roles are performed by the companies with the defined
structure such as purchase of land, prepare design of it, allot money to each department,
implement planning in effective manner and conduct all task with effectiveness for the
development of the organization and to achieve all goals and objectives within defined time
period.
Types of construction firms: According to the duties that are executed by the
organization, construction companies are classified in the various following companies:
Small renovation contractor: Small renovation contractors are basically described as
the small contractors that required low amount of capital and work is not required to establish
large construction organization. These organizations performed small commercial, home
alteration as well as office work.
General contractors: General contractors are run the organization that is specialized in
building new constructions and or in making alteration in them (Finikov, and Tereshchuk, 2018).
Various building contractors outsourced major part of work and alteration contractor perform
various jobs as well as general contractors are being specialized in the public works.
Real estate developer: Real estate developer are also known as the owner-builder. This
construction company builds building under their own ownership instead of selling it on its
completion or giving it on rent.
Professional construction company: Professional construction manager is defined as the
company, a personal and group of individuals who perform various functions in the structural
manner and according to plan. In this company these functions are performed by the owner’s
own employees. Construction management provides employees such as expediters, project
manager, superintendents and accounting personnel who perform all task in effective manner.
P5 Explanation of relationship between different construction organization
Various construction organization formulate strategies that includes the price and other
factors and implement these strategies in order to deliver better quality services to their clients.

Professional contractors that have various programs and sponsor builder that facilitates the
organization to understand the segments for successful execution of planning. Now the
collaborative work approach that is based on the long run development is followed by the
construction organization.
Effective relationship between the different contractors facilitates proper project
planning, reduce the cost and able to provide quality services as well ensure the long engagement
with each other (Islam, 2020). If an organization maintain better relationship with others then it
can take better decisions for operations and construction according to others. The client and
contractor communicate with each other for the discussing about the daily cost of project,
inspection and for the checking mistakes that are occur at project designing phase.
TASK3
P6 Modern construction and sequences of construction industry
Modern construction and sequences are utilized in the construction industries in sequential and
appropriate manner in order to sustain the business in the highly competitive market. Other than
that diversification of the working process is effective actions are done in the modern
construction that concentrate on the industry requirements and develop suitable working
planning.
Modern construction method (MMC) is related to involve modern methods in functioning
of the construction organization that save time, resources and efforts. It facilitates organization to
achieve all construction goals and objectives in defined time period with having quality. It is
related to the developing suitable plans and design various approaches that make the
organization sustain in competitive environment (Kerzner, 2018). In current scenario various
modern methods are used by the organization in order to improve productivity and profitability.
These methods are the widespread that facilitates to make proper planning and implement them
in effective manner. Several modern approaches are following:
3D volumetric modules
Concrete wall and floors
Concrete framework insulation
Precast concrete foundation
Precast cladding panels

The sustainability needs of the construction organization is fulfilled by ensuring the appropriates
manufacturing, production as well as supply chain management process. Sustainability in the
current competitive environment is very important, by adopting various modern methods
organization can improve their performance and provide quality services to their clients within
defined time period. Construction industry focus upon the cost effective and efficient planning
approaches in order to develop growth of organization.
P7 Explanation of contract planning techniques used in macro and micro projects
The concept of contract planning techniques is referred as the creating and develop structured
work implication that is depend upon the segments. There are four techniques of project planning
such as brainstorming, cause and effective diagrams, critical path analysis and Gantt chart (Kisi,
2020). These technics facilitate construction organization to develop effective planning that help
it to achieve defined goals and objectives in efficient manner. In the macro as well as micro
projects, these techniques are utilized in order to complete within time.
In macro as well micro projects, both need effective planning, resource allocation and
appropriate strategies to accomplish all determined goals and objectives within time period.
Macro planning is the high-level description of the respective projects. It is short and concise and
consist only highlight points. In macro projects various techniques are used to make effective
planning. On the other hand, in the micro projects planning includes lots of details, so contract
planning technique facilitates contractors to develop various effective plans for the contract help
to attain macro level objectives of projects.
P8 Identify where BIM impact upon operations and construction companies
The concept of building information modeling (BIM) is referred as the community bases
procedure of working, creating various innovations in activities and develop clear and
progressively strategies for preparing structure and implement this operations in order to achieve
defined objectives in effective manner. Basically, it is the BIM engages various parties such as
contractor, designers and managers. Every construction project demands different requirements
and work, in order to understand these requirements construction programming cycle plays
important role. In BIM process, four levels are available that is related to the public, projects,
cost and time management of project (Mallam, Lundh, and MacKinnon, 2017).
BIM have various impact upon the operational activities and construction companies.
These impacts are considered on the cost as well as construction programming. By using

building information modeling construction organization’s develop clear and effective strategies
for operations and other organizational activities.
TASK4
P9 Explain how health and safety has now become an integrated part of the construction process
Health ad security plays important role in the construction processes and businesses.
Integration of the health and safety in the construction projects described the various methods
that are acquired in order to achieve all defines goals and objectives. As construction
organizations involves high risk at workplace (Patyal, and Koilakuntla, 2017). It includes various
activities such as demolition, building roads and flyovers that contains high level risk to the
employees so, it becomes very important to follow various legislations in order to ensue safety of
employees.
Appropriate health and safety regulations are implemented in the construction industry not only
provide the assurance of employee safety by also enhance the understanding various magnitudes
of the safety that should be assed in the organization in effective manner.
P10 Describe government legislations which has benchmarked health and safety within
construction
Health and safety are the most concern able issue in the construction businesses. Various
laws and regulations are passed by the government for the construction processes. These laws
should be considered by every construction organization not only for the purpose of keeping
workforce safe by for the comply business with legislations. In the process of construction of
complex mall all government regulations are followed. Some of legislations are discussed below:
The construction regulation 1996 : The construction regulations are also known as the
CDM. This is the construction related legislation that is applied in every type of business either it
is the small project or big construction business. These regulations are followed by every
organization for the safety of their employees.
The health and safety act 1974 : Health and safety regulation is passed by the
government in order to ensure employees safety at workplace (Saieg,2018). According to this
legislation construction organization keep first aid facilities for their employees if they got
injured at the time of construction.

The electricity at work regulation: In some construction work whare electricity systems are
installed, maintained as well as updated (Sarfraz,2019). So, in these organization which is
working in the electricity functions follow all legislations that are introduced by the government
for the safety of employees who are working in the construction sites.
The control of noise at work legislation: Noise is the unwanted voice that affect the
health of everyone. In construction department noise of loading materials and machinery that
affects on the employee health. So, government passed regulation for controlling the noise of
respective organization.
P11 Discuss the role of collaboration and communication in ensuring safe working practice
Collaboration and communication play important role in business to ensure safe working
in the construction business. Safety is an important factor that motivates employees to work
within organisation. Respective construction industry uses effective communication and
collaboration factors in the process in order to ensure safety of working process. Some roles of
collaboration and communication are discussed below:
Improve labour security: In construction company safety of employees is the major issue.
There are various protection guidelines are prepared by the organisation and follow all these in
systematic manner (Sharma, Kramer, and Liu, 2021). By holding various clear agreement
regarding security, organisation improve the overall labour security rates at construction.
Better coordination: Clear communication within organisation enhance overall
coordination and motivates workers to work with each other with efficiency. Planning is being
examined at all level so employees are able to achieve all defined goals and objectives in
efficient manner.
More trust and respect: In order to complete all construction work in effective as well
as in efficient manner coordinated efforts, faith and respect is required at all level of
organisation. Working in the group enhance the quality of collaborating with other group
members and creates a formation of trust.
Decrease conflicts: Effective communication and collaboration enhance the work safety
as well as decrease the conflicts among the organisational level and customers. Organisation
provides the better experience to its customers that decreases the argument objectives.

Better candidness: Effective and clear line of agreement enhance the growth within the
organisation (Smith,and Ngo, 2017). Communication as well as collaboration creates faith and
transparency in the business activities.
CONCLUSION
As per the above repot, it can be concluded that construction management industries
encompassed various professional factors in its structure and companies are linked with each
other in many ways. In the construction department various type of organisations provide
their services that are tendered by the various contractors. In current market different type of
construction companies are working such as general contractors, real estate developer and
owner builder, organisation adopt it according to their organisational structure and size. To
work in efficient and defines manner construction organisation’s build strong relation with
other organisations. Organisations includes various modern processes in their functions in
order to sustain in the competitive environment. Health and security are the major issue that
integrated with construction organisation. Government have passed various legislations to
ensure safety and security of employees within organisation.

REFERENCES
Journal and books
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construction industry, through the framework for strategic sustainable development,
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Erosion and Sediment from Construction Activities. American Society of Civil
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dosvid ta ukrainski praktyky pobudovy [Local Quality Management Systems:
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performance: an empirical study. Benchmarking: An International Journal.
Saieg, P., and et. Al.,2018. Interactions of building information modeling, lean and sustainability
on the architectural, engineering and construction industry: a systematic
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Sarfraz, M., and et. Al.,2019. Sustainable Management Practices. BoD–Books on Demand.
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and Maintenance of Mechanical Systems in Data Centers. In Collaboration and
Integration in Construction, Engineering, Management and Technology (pp. 21-26).
Springer, Cham.
Smith, J. P. and Ngo, K., 2017. Implementation of lean practices among finishing contractors in
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(IGLC), 9-12 July 2017, Heraklion, Greece.