Construction Risk Management for Commonwealth Games Birmingham 2022

This report discusses the risks involved in the construction of Commonwealth Games Birmingham 2022 and how to manage them effectively. It covers the project characteristics, risk management and life cycle stages, and the potential scheduling clash with other events. The report also provides an overview of the Commonwealth Games and its history.

CONSTRUCTION
RISK
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................3
2. Description of development.........................................................................................................3
2.1 Background of the project.....................................................................................................3
2.2 Project characteristics............................................................................................................6
3. Risks on project life cycle............................................................................................................6
3.1 Risk management and life cycle stages.................................................................................6
3.2 Project stage risks..................................................................................................................7
4. Risk analysis..............................................................................................................................11
4.1 Human resource risks..........................................................................................................11
4.2 Data security risks...............................................................................................................11
5. Health and Safety statement method..........................................................................................13
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

1. INTRODUCTION
The report prepared undertakes into account the commonwealth games which are also
considered Friendly games, which were first held in the year 1930. The commonwealth games
are conducted every 4 years
(Abas, Blismas and Lingard, 2021). It can be
explained as an international multi-sport event in
which athletes counting disabilities also have
healthy competition. The commonwealth of nations
is constructed of companies that were colonized by
the British empire counting a total of 54 territories.
With the development of the Common wealth game
federation in the year 2001, all sport-related games
are conducted under its rules and actions. The commonwealth game can be said as an 11-day
event in which international athletes can be seen to face competition in a bigger range of sports
with a motive which is to bring Commonwealth territories, countries, and states at one place
together.
2. Description of development
2.1 Background of the project
The commonwealth games are a friendly international multi-sports event among
commonwealth nations and a few independent territories. Over the past few years, almost 72
teams seem to participate in it. There are four home nations of the UK (United Kingdom),
Scotland, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, all these home nations are seen participating
with their independent teams. The mega event was first held in 1930, it is also known as the
British Empire games event from 1930 to 1950. As a part of 1942 to 1946 due to World War II,
the event couldn’t be held in this time frame. The event was held after every four years passed
like FIFA World Cup, Olympics, and cricket world cup(BBC, 2010).
The name British Empire games were observed to change with different eras of time, as
after the partition of the subcontinent the name changed to British Empire and Commonwealth
Game from 1954 to 1966. After that, the name of the event was again updated to the British
Commonwealth games from 1970 to 1974 when the athletes with disabilities were included in

many games. In 2018 British commonwealth games had achieve remarkable success and became
the multi-sports event in the world with the equal contribution of both men and women. It is also
encouraged social justice in society (Abotaleb et.al., 2020).
The reason behind the start of this
event in commonwealth countries is the
motivation of the inter-Empire Championships
which later became part of the event. The
complete management of this mega sports
event is managed by GCF (commonwealth
Federation), Control of all associated sport-
related programs, dealing with sponsors, security affairs, and the selection of host cities is also
managed by Commonwealth Federation which seems a very exciting and easy task but in actual
it requires great commitment and effort to make it up to the mark and successful in various
manners. During the event or sports matches, some other monitoring and managing bodies works
for the coordination of the Commonwealth Federation such as the international sports federation
Ifs, Commonwealth Games Associations CGAs, and separate organizing body for each
commonwealth game. Without such professional groups, it is impossible to conduct such an
international Mega sports event("Victoria, 1994).
There are many world-famous rituals and symbols of Commonwealth games such as the
Commonwealth game flag and Queen’s Baton Relay in the opening and closing ceremony. It is
such a big sports event that more than 5000 athletes from different countries participate in 250
sports events from 15 different sports. Apart from these sports, there are some other sports as
well which are mainly common in commonwealth countries and not even part of Olympic, this
saying will not be wrong that after Olympic it is the biggest sports event internationally.
Organizing such a reputable mega sports event is not only a challenging task but a great
prestigious opportunity as well. The commonwealth games Birmingham, 2020 management
agreement set out to design the role and responsibility and the framework of accountability
within which Birmingham will operate during the event. The purpose is also to make an
organized set of design for all departments such as digital, cultural, Media and sport and decides
the role and priorities of these coordinated departments. This agreement period is covered during

the time frame of 31 March 2020 and will remain operating until the revised agreement does not
suspend the current agreement. But it is considered that these megaproject Management
agreements are living documents that could be revised at any time as per the need and will of
both parties. If we recall the history, normally it is reviewed in March every year and amended if
necessary(Varrel, 2011).
On 21 December 2017, the contract has been signed between Birmingham organizing
Committee, the host country for the next commonwealth games, and the commonwealth games
federation and all the responsibilities of mega-event management has been delivered to
Birmingham City under the contract of the commonwealth games 2022 Birmingham. The
contract reveals that Birmingham organizing committee will be primarily responsible for the
operational delivery of commonwealth games according to its pure rituals and symbols without
any compromise. Some of the primary roles and responsibilities delivered to the Birmingham
commonwealth Games event are mentioned below (Andersen and Grytnes, 2021).
 Conduct every ritual and symbolic importance of the Commonwealth Games without
any compromise. To maintain the event's symbolic identity.
 Sports, programmers, and the result declaration
 International sport standards implementations.
 Marketing of the event and venue (the Alexandria Stadium Birmingham)
 Games, ceremonies, and Follow-up of all regular protocols
 Engagement of audience through social media, electronic media, blogs, broadcasts,
etc.
 Creating entertainment and enthusiastic movement for the spectators and the rest of
the world
 Tickets sale at hot cake moments.
 Queen’s Baton Relay
 Venue and competition management
 Security and safety

 Cultural and heritage representation and many more responsibilities
All these mentioned roles are not only the responsibilities that have to be covered up,
there many more things and some constraints as well that can also create some problems, manage
the time without any reputation loss is the actual task of the Birmingham Organizing committee
for the Commonwealth Games 2022. The Birmingham Organizing Committee will comply with
public finance and public appointment rules. The relationship between the Department for
Digital, Culture, Media, and Sport (“the Department”) and the Birmingham Organizing
Committee will be governed by this Management Agreement.
2.2 Project characteristics.
All construction-related projects that are carried out in the world over the globe have their related
features and characteristics. Some related features with the plan with commonwealth games are:
1) Goals of the project 2) Location 3) Budget prepared 4) Threats, risks and uncertainties.
The main aim of the commonwealth game is to make people feel united when they are together,
inspire and motivate them for performing better than before and reach their peak. It helps them to
lead and live a happier life and develop opportunities that would help in receiving the best
outcomes and maintain sustainability and stability as well.
3. Risks on project life cycle
3.1 Risk management and life cycle stages
There is no doubt about it that it’s a very big opportunity for Birmingham for now and in
the future, for being the host identity of Common Wealth Games 2022. It will promote the
country's tourism activities, its cultural values, media engagement, introductions of many new
exchange skills and development programs, encashment of business activities, attraction for
foreign direct investments in the region for sports projects, cultural events, educational and
business expos like in UAE, investment in hotels and entertainment industry. These all
opportunities will be taken into a positive outcome if the event will be conducted in the given
time frame, with complete follow-up of Commonwealth Rituals and symbolic representation not
even same as in past but with great enthusiasm and will. ment and lifestyle stages
Risk management can be explained as a systematized way of looking into areas that relate to risk
and threats. It consciously helps in determining how each one must be treated. It is counted as a

management tool that has the aim of identifying threats and risks. It also takes into account
uncertainty which would lead to unwanted costs and damages. Management of such risks should
be considered necessary in every construction company and it shall fulfill demands such as
minimum costs, quality, safety, and stability in the environment as well. An effective and
efficient risk management strategy in construction helps to determine how related risks would be
managed throughout its project life cycle (Choi et.al., 2019).
3.2 Project stage risks
1st Stage: Development and briefing:
By consideration of site condition and data desired outcome of the project, expected budget and
studying the feasibility of plans as well. The initial project brief is constructed in this stage.
2nd Stage:
The task located in every team must perform and carry out its roles and operations well in time
which would be distributed for the procedure of designing. It focuses on areas such as
maintaining sustainability, stability, and operation-related work.
3rd stage:
In the stated stage the concept design is viewed and the design described such as the architectural
project plan and core services are done. It helps in performing evaluation and examination of
plans developed as well.
4th stage:
With the guidance of expert contractors, the lead designer must be able to finalize every element
of mechanical, and structural in such stages.
5th stage:
After deciding design of every project plan, the design is further projected in real fields and the
plan is then brought up into existence
6th stage:
Once the project is completed on construction sites, this stage counts the successful handover of
it to its consumers and then the project comes to an end.
7th stage:
After the handover of a plan, the project is now on a ready base to function and deliver its
product and services. It would now focus on laid goals and objectives which relate to plans being
prepared.

Due to delay in appointment of contract and delay in starting construction work for
Alexander Stadium, there is a big disadvantage that the project managers are facing which is
preparation delay, infect for both Alexander Stadium and New village the preparation activities
are not in the implementation phase but are still in documentation phases. It is a huge reputation
risk for the conduct of the Commonwealth Games in Birmingham (Jin et.al., 2022).
Moreover, the Birmingham city council had investigated and found that the reason for the
delay is due to the worldwide Covid-19 Pandemic. As the planning phases of stadium
renovation and construction of a new village have stopped for a longer time and meanwhile the
worldwide lockdown has postponed the important meeting in Birmingham. There is another
impact occurred due to a 20% reduction in the labor force for the construction of the new village
and the demolition of the Perry Barr flyover. Due to a lack of labor force at some stages in the
project, work was completely paused and after some time it slowed down as well. The city
council reveals that this risk of a slower pace of construction was obvious the project managers
should take it seriously if they want to meet the timeline of strategic implementations of the
designed task for commonwealth games Birmingham 2022.
Besides the preparation for Commonwealth Games, there is another associated reputation
risk, which is currently faced by management that is a Scheduling clash. As we all are aware of

Covid 19, the summer Olympics and Paralympics were also postponed from 23 July to 3 August,
from 25 August to 6 September respectively in 2020. But this delay can be considered due to the
sole situation of the Covid 19 pandemic. Which has affected the whole world severely including
all business activities. If we specifically talk about the scheduling delay in Common Wealth
Games Birmingham 2022, although, indeed, the event preparation are badly affected due to the
Pandemic still management got enough time for covering up all the previous pending tasks, now
the delay in the scheduling of Common Wealth Games in Birmingham considered as the sole
responsibility of the management body and the Birmingham Government lock in work steadiness
(Lyu and et.al., 2019).
Now the biggest problem, which is occurring, is the date clash between the world
athletics championship in Eugene (United States), the World Aquatic Championship in Fukuoka
the city of Japan, and Respectively to 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, which could
clash in dates, as the World Athletics Championship and world aquatic championship both were
postponed for a year in 2021. There is a very high possibility that the dates will clash with the
Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, if that happens then it will affect the Commonwealth
Games hugely as many of the athletes would not be able to participate in any of the events if they
participate number declines from the declared number (6500) by the commonwealth federation
then they would be considered a big failure for the project management team of Birmingham. To
avoid that risk the GCF (Commonwealth Federation) said they were in talk with the World
Athletics Association and International swimming Federation (FINA) to reschedule the events in
a way that none of the stakeholders from any side face chances of reputational loss. On 3 April
2020, the World Athletics announced that the World Athletic Championships in Eugene, United
States, planned from 6 to 15 August in 2021, was postponed to 15 to 24 July in 2022. The new
dates were chosen in such a way that the Championships don't clash with the 2022
Commonwealth Games. On 4 May 2020, FINA announced that the World Aquatic
Championships in Fukuoka, Japan, planned to be held from 16 July to 1 August 2021, was
postponed to 13 to 29 May 2022 (Ma and Wu, 2019).
Since the year intelligence risk (IR), (An organization to measure security risk and procurement
guidance) Providing its support to the Birmingham specialist security advisors for
Commonwealth Games 2022 in the United Kingdom. IR is specially designed in security
functional areas in the Birmingham and UK. The Intelligence Risk for security has advised the

Government to improvise the security aspects for the Commonwealth Games in Birmingham,
and also provided some procurement strategies for the security infrastructure of the mega sports
events to the organizing Committee in Birmingham. Due to the extensive security and safety
recruitment, it is considered to be the one significant thing otherwise, it will be a suicide for any
country to conduct such a mega event with some discrepant security infrastructure. For this
reason, the IR contributed well, the most recent contribution of the intelligence risk was
establishing the risk assessment mechanism for competition venues, international broadcast
centers, and three-game villages (Pan and Zhang, 2021).
The security risk is also very important because the event footprints are not limited to
Birmingham but also waste across the West Midlands as well. Even in London City where the
Lee Valley will host the commonwealth game events (Pourhashemi et.al., 2019).
Moreover, you can also imagine the critical risk factors through this way that many high
profile international places are selected that will be used for the games, including the Alexander
Stadium, arena Birmingham, NEC (national exhibit center), Coventry Building Society Arena,
and edge Boston Stadium. All these are urban areas with huge populations of citizens with
extensive venue visits expected (Pryke ed., 2020).
4. Risk analysis
4.1 Human resource risks
It can be explained that threats, risks, and losses take place due to a lack of capacity
available and lesser skills possessed for handling the project-related plans that would be affecting
the overall business objectives. It is one of those factors which can lead to delaying of projects,
low efficiency of strategy, and not being able to meet desired laid down aims as well. The Health
and safety of employees and employers as well as their well-being and their psychological state
is necessary among the elements and factors that are being neglected but shouldn't be ignored.
For mitigating such threats and risks there must be strict implementation of related rules and
regulations which would in proper and adequate maintenance of construction sites. The Health
and safety department must be active enough for examining the wellness and efficiency of an
employee on a timely basis. Every time employees must work with commitment, passion, and
honesty as well. For the people who lack such qualities must be given strict punishment.

4.2 Data security risks
It is one of those risks which are considered one of the top risk-related areas through
which a company can carry out a chance by giving more time and effort to studying,
investigating, and finding the best solutions for solving such unpredictable situations as well. No
construction-related plans and projects are safe from cybersecurity threats. For any construction
plan, privacy is kept as the foremost priority about carry out effective and efficient results. It also
in some manner would be depending on the nature of the plan, also the people who are getting
involved in the process. It happens at times when the person goes beyond expectation and might
break the laid rules and laws in the context of the company and also leak important data in the
market for its own sake. It would later affect the results of the project as well. For minimizing
such risks employees must be introduced to cyber attacks and how they can control them in the
given time frame. Every member of the team formed must be assigned work and roles that would
be able to minimize and lessen the risk related (Sarkar and Singh, 2020).

Risk Likelihood Impact
Preparation
Delay +
Scheduling
Clash
5 5
Security Risk 4 4
inflation 3 3
Contaminated land 4 4

Tickets sale 1 1
5. Health and Safety statement method
The health and safety statement which are related to Health and Safety on Work act 1974
considers:
 Giving proper facilities such as toilets, and drinking water must be provided to
staff persons to maintain their better health conditions and situations. It would
also be useful due to the reason it won't be affecting the result of the planned
project as well. Safety and health departments must do a periodic inspection of all
appointed workforce and must assess the responsibilities taken up by them.
 All workers must be given proper PPE kits such as safety helmets, footwear,
gloves, protection of eyes, higher visibility of clothes, and safety harnesses as
well (Sharma and Goyal, 2019).
 Giving a safe workplace for ensuring workers that their place of work is not risk-
related. It considers safety from fire, management of waste, and handling of
hazardous substances as well.
CONCLUSION
The report hence gives an overview of various types of risk which are faced over a
project life cycle along with the action which must be taken into account for avoiding any
unwanted consequences and hurdles as well. Moreover, an explained risk assessment which is
about Security risk and Resource risk and also their developed plans, policies along with many
diagrams which would help to understand risks and their influence on results.

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