Protecting the Health and Safety of Workers in the Construction Industry

This report discusses the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations and their role in ensuring the health and safety of workers in the construction industry. It covers the measures taken by governments and organizations to address safety issues and reduce negative impacts on workers. The report also highlights the responsibilities of designers and contractors in managing risks and protecting workers. Additionally, it discusses the impact of the construction industry on human rights and the measures taken to protect migrant workers.

2 QUESTION

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
The report is based on the Construction (Design and management) Regulations that is
associated with the health and safety related issues of the workers employed at the
construction site and all the risk associated while performing their work. It also contains the
measures to reduce the negative impact and ensures welfare of the workers. The report
covers the questions on the role of the designers to ensure health and safety of the workers
and various measures shaken by the governments and organisations in order to address the
issues regarding the safety of the workers working at construction site.
MAIN BODY
Question 1
In UK various laws are implemented by the government which regulates the relationship
between the workers and employers and they rely on the employments rights regarding the
wages that are paid by the employer. It has been observed that the construction industry is known
for poor health and safety of the workers. Under the act, there are various provisions that lays
emphasis on providing protection to the health and safety of the employees working and protect
their rights(Pelsmakers, 2019). It is necessary for the company to comply with the necessary
regulations in order to ensure safety of the employees and protect them from the injuries and
damage that can affect their health while carrying out the project work. The government after
considering various issues associated with the workers working at construction site and in order
to ensure safety it is required to make a separate law i.e. construction law which specifies various
provisions regarding the health and safety of the workers. The HSWA is an act of parliament and
gives the right to the minister to establish various regulations regarding the health and safety of
the employees working au the promises or construction sites.
The construction (Design and Management) regulations 2015 covers all the provisions regarding
the health, welfare and safety of the employees and workers while carrying out the construction
projects. CDM that was enacted in 2015 was replaced by Construction (design and management)
2007 from 6 April 2015(Ghaffar, and et.al., 2020). The new act CDM 2015 aims at ensuring to
improve the health and safety of the employees while carrying out the construction projects. The
act aims at proper planning the work in order to manage the risk involved in such projects. It also

ensures that right people are recruited and selected for the right job and place(Ashworth, and
Perera, 2018). The regulations also help in managing risk and should have all the necessary
information regarding it. In order to ensure safety, it is necessary to communicate to the workers
about the various risk that can take place while carrying out the project work and provide them
with necessary equipment’s in order to manage the issues.
In order to ensure safety and welfare of the workers, contractor is appointed to work on the given
construction project which have required skill and knowledge and experience that is required to
effectively carry out its business and undertake all the measures that is required to ensure safety
of the workers(Wong, and et.al., 2020). A designer is the organisation under this act that is
responsible for preparing the various designs for the construction projects. The designs include
details and specifications and other necessary information. Under the CDM 2015 designer makes
sure that client is aware about all the duties and responsibilities specified under this act. It is also
the responsibility of the designer to provide required information about the health and safety
provisions mentioned in the file (Zhang, and et.al., 2019). It is necessary for the contractor to
comply with the necessary rules and information before carrying out the construction project.
The principle designer is the designer that is appointed by the client to take the authority of the
pre- construction phase with the help of other constructor. Under this act, the principle designer
plays a very major role in influencing the safety and health of the workers and its management
throughout the construction project. The principle contractors must plan, monitor and coordinate
the health and safety throughout the pre-construction phase. Before taking necessary steps they
should consider the related health and safety provisions that is to be complied with(Zhang, Shi,
and Yang, 2020). It also advises the clients to bring all the information that is necessary to be
followed so that the contractors can effectively carry out their duties and responsibilities. With
the help of required information will help in eliminating the necessary risk that is involved while
carrying out the construction project and find ways to reduce or manage the risk involved. The
act also specifies that there should be regular flow of communication at all the levels which also
ensure effectively carrying out the project.
The principle designer prepares the appropriate Health and Safety File during the pre-
construction phase which includes all the relevant details regarding the health and protection of
the workers during the construction project(Kim, and et.al., 2019). It is suggested that the
information should be carried out on regular basis during the pre-construction phases. The

project should specify all the relevant factors before making required provision regarding the
health and safety such as size of the project, various types of risk that can take place while
conducting the project. Furthermore, they should have required knowledge and skills in order to
successfully carry out the work assigned to them. With the help of these measures taken by the
designers and also following all the necessary provisions regarding the health and safety of the
workers from various types of risk that is involved while carrying out the constriction project
which also include providing necessary training to the employees and workers regarding the
managing the equipment’s and machines which cause injury so that while conducting their work
they can take precautions.
On the other hand, under the employment law various provisions have been created to ensure
health and safety of the employees and also the required duties and responsibilities of the
employer in order to protect the workers. It is the mandatory duty of the employer to make sure
that the workers are protected from the risk that can take place while carrying out their work and
find effective measures to solve those issues(Jin, and et.al., 2019). The workers are provided
with necessary training regarding handling of hazardous machines which can help in taking
precautionary steps in carrying out the work. In the construction projects it has been observed
that various types of risk are involved which can cause damage to the workers so in order to
reduce the impact it is necessary to find precautionary measures to avoid such risk and
communicate and educate the workers to avoid such issues. Apart from this it is required to
create risk management plan which help in effectively managing the risk that is involved in
carrying out the construction project. By analysing the roles and responsibilities of the principle
designer it is very important to effectively carry out all the responsibilities that is associated with
the effectively carrying out the construction project and communicate with the workers and
support during the project which creates a satisfaction among the workers and on the other hand
the health , safety and welfare of the workers should be considered as it is necessary to provide
protection and ensure their safety which is the major element that is to be considered. With the
help of effective measures and programs, the workers can effectively carry out their work and
follow all the rules and guidelines that is given by their superiors in order to avoid any damage or
injury to the workers(Martínez-Rojas, et.al., 2020). This initiative will help in effectively
completing the project within the given deadlines.

Question-2
It has been observed that construction industry has direct impact on the human rights and
particularly the rights of the workers. From the research it has been observed that in many sector
there in increase in the discrimination among the workers and employees at workplace which
also results in impact on the human rights (Loganathan and et.al., 2019). The Human Act 1998
sets out the fundamental rights and freedom and also the protection of the rights of the person. It
has been observed that in many places and especially at the construction sites the workers are
being neglected and their issues are ignored by the contractors. It has also been observed that the
workers who migrate from other countries for work are generally ignored and are not been
protected. For the migrant workers the major factor that is to be taken into account is their health
as they suffer injuries and damages which is sometimes ignored by the employers and
contractors. Sometimes, the workers lack access to health and medical services and are not
included as the part of their employment which affects their health (Suresh and et.al., 2020). It is
necessary for the government to focus in eliminating and reduce such issues and provide
protection to the migrant workers and also ensure their health and safety. They should be well-
equipped with all the medical facilities and not the workers but also their families should be
given all the facilities in order to improve their lifestyle.
The employees or the workers of the organization are the essential element for the international
organizations, government or non government bodies. The migrant workers are facing the issue
of under priorities and under protected in many countries. In order to address this issue the
organization and non government or government authorities take major step and willing to treat
the migrant workers as the domestic workers. The migrant workers contribute largely in the
economic of organization or nation largely. In order to address the issue of migrant workers the
organization and government form law which is known as equal rights (Moyce and Schenker,
2018). In context to that the international organization improve the productivity and work
management relations. For the health and safety of the migrant workers the organization or the
government form the policy of medical check-up before the departure. In this policy the
migrants workers need to submit the legal and actual medical report in order to determine the
sickness or any health issues. For the-analysation of medical condition the international
organization hire the medical team. Furthermore, the authority form health and safety law which
indicate that the employees of the organization should be protected from any injuries or the issue

by providing safe plant and system of work. Along with that international organizations take
major step of providing training and development programme in order to deliver proper
information and includes guidelines related to the utilization of chemical as well as equipment’s
in effective as well as efficient manner. For the payment the organization and authority fixed the
pay rates for the migrant workers and the employees received equal pay (Mucci and et.al., 2019).
The authority fixed the rate of payment as per the hours of working. In context to that it is
necessary for the organization to pay the amount or the salary legally. Along with that the
organization offer payslip which includes the total payable amount, taxes or any sort of
deduction and the actual amount that is paid to the individual person. Apart from that the
government form the legal system named as employers liability insurances act 1969. it is a
compulsory insurance amendment which insure the liabilities for the personal injuries or harm to
the individual person working with in the organization. It delivers assistance in providing
protection to the migrant workers at work if they get injured or sick at workplace. For the health
of the migrant worker the authority provide insurance in order to cover the loss of the individual
person in the monitory term. It is compulsory for the international organization to implement or
develop the polices as per the rule and regulation formed by the authority (Hargreaves and et.al.,
2019).
In order to provide support to the migrant workers the international organization develop various
polices for instance the organification offer telephone advices services to the migrant workers.
The organization provide joint councils for the welfare of the migrant workers in which the
responsible person of the organization share the values or the information to the migrant
members. Apart from that the council take immediate action in order to deliver the safety to the
workers and treat them as the assets. For delivering the values to the migrant worker the Tesco
which is international organization collaborate with the NGOs and government and determine
the rules. The organization forms standard of working hours and provide sustainable lifestyle to
the people or migrants workers in effective as well as efficient manner. Furthermore, various
organization engaged with the higher authority and government as well as other companies to
join the efforts in adequate manner. Along with that the organization like Tesco form the
programme that is renowned as ETI social dialogue programme in context to empower the
workers of the organization who belongs to different areas of domestic as well as international
marketplace (Liem and et.al., 2020). Apart from that the organization promote the gender

equality in order to deliver equal rights to the masculine as well as feminine. The aim of the
organization to use all this plans of action is to deliver safety and security to the migrant as well
as local workers of the organization in efficient manner. It gives as stance in decreasing the
stress of the workers and empower them to leave in other country independently. In context to
that the international organization follow all the human rights in an appropriate manner
CONCLUSION
From the above report it will be concluded that the for leading the organization in successive
manner and survive in the marketplace it is important for the organization or the higher
authority to provide safety to the workers of the organization in effective as well as efficient
manner. By addressing health and safety issuer the organization is able to satisfy the numbers of
the employees working within the firm. In context to that the government and international
organization form various polices and programmes that deliver equal rights to the human or the
migrant workers who willing to work in the another country in order to meed the personal goals
in a proper way. The above report highlighted the laws which includes the health and safety at
workplace act, employees liability insurances act which is compulsory for the organization to
follow in order to recover the loss of the individual person.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Ashworth, A. and Perera, S., 2018. Contractual procedures in the construction industry.
Routledge.
Ghaffar, and et.al., 2020. Pathways to circular construction: An integrated management of
construction and demolition waste for resource recovery. Journal of cleaner
production, 244, p.118710.
Hargreaves, S. and et.al., 2019. Occupational health outcomes among international migrant
workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Global Health.
7(7).pp.e872-e882.
Jun, and et.al., 2019. A science mapping approach based review of construction safety
research. Safety science, 113, pp.285-297.
Kim, and et.al., 2019. The role of the safety climate in the successful implementation of safety
management systems. Safety science, 118, pp.48-56.
Liem, A. and et.al., 2020. The neglected health of international migrant workers in the COVID-
19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry. 7(4). p.e20.
Loganathan, T. and et.al., 2019. Breaking down the barriers: Understanding migrant workers’
access to healthcare in Malaysia. PloS one. 14(7). p.e0218669.
Martínez-Rojas, et.al., 2020. Management of construction Safety and Health Plans based on
automated content analysis. Automation in Construction, 120, p.103362.
Moyce, S. C. and Schenker, M., 2018. Migrant workers and their occupational health and
safety. Annual review of public health. 39. pp.351-365.
Mucci, N. and et.al., 2019. Migrant workers and psychological health: A systematic
review. Sustainability. 12(1). p.120.
Peacemakers, S., 2019. The environmental design pocketbook. Routledge.
Suresh, R. and et.al., 2020. Migrant workers at crossroads–The COVID-19 pandemic and the
migrant experience in India. Social Work in Public Health. 35(7). pp.633-643.
Wong, and et.al., 2020. Critical factors for the use or non-use of personal protective equipment
amongst construction workers. Safety science, 126, p.104663.
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Zhang, and et.al., 2019. An agent-based modeling approach for understanding the effect of
worker-management interactions on construction workers' safety-related
behaviours. Automation in Construction, 97, pp.29-43.
Zhang, M., Si, R. and Yang, Z., 2020. A critical review of vision-based occupational health and
safety monitoring of construction site workers. Safety science, 126, p.104658.
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