Contingency Theory of Leadership : Assignment
Added on 2020-01-16
21 Pages7025 Words192 Views
Professional DevelopmentDesign and CreativityPolitical Science
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................11.......................................................................................................................................................1Contingency theory of leadership...............................................................................................12........................................................................................................................................................6Critically evaluation of leadership skills and competencies.......................................................6CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
INTRODUCTIONLeadership is a process which influences every individual to accomplish desiredobjectives and goals of the firm. In this step, every individual engage in activities which connectsvarious people together at workplace. Different business adopts distinctive style of leadership toattract customer towards their enterprise (Lewis and Smith, 2014). On the other hand,management assist to manage results and profitability through maintain coordination amongvarious members. Manager share all important information with customer and employee to attainpositive results. PART 1INTRODUCTIONIn this part trait and contingency theory are demonstrates which use by the differentbusiness to promote functions. It considers critical evaluation which support to company foremployee development (Caldwell, 2003). Within the organisation, trait theory study of humanpersonality to measures traits of individual such as pattern of behaviour, thought and emotions.Further, contingency theory is organisational system which claims in the best way toorganize a corporation in which leaders can easily lead and make decisions. Apart from optimalcourse of action, contingency is depends upon the internal and external situations (Bolden,2011).Both theory is use by the enterprises to dealing with different situations in which they areframes rules and regulations. Organisation claims in the best way to organize a corporation andlead with company (Carsten and Uhl-Bein, 2012.). Trait theory of leadershipTrait model of leadership is based on many characteristics of leaders which makesuccessful and unsuccessful. It is also demonstrates effective leadership to gives positive resultswithin the organisation. Trait theory is depends on different characteristics such as intelligences,decisiveness, judgement and knowledge of leaders (Boies, Fiset and Gill, 2015). Hence,successful leaders definitely determine interest, abilities and personalities to dealing withsituations. It possesses various advantages and disadvantages which are as follows:AdvantagesDisadvantages
Trait theory achievement drive so thatit is naturally pleasing theory.It is valid as a lot of research so that itcan be applicable easily (Bass, 1990). It is also gives detailed knowledge andunderstanding of leader element withinleadership process.As contrary, trait theory is subjectivejudgement which determines good andsuccessful leader (Conger, 2004). There are also disagreement over whichtrait is very essential for an effectiveleader.This is very complex theory (Gardnerand et.al., 2011). Contingency theory of leadershipLeadership can be defined as the process which helps in developing the skills of everyindividual to fulfil customer requirement in an effective manner. It involves every member andtheir participation to connect them with leaders. Leaders adopt different approaches which helpin building team for accomplishing objectives (Siu and Lo, 2013). Main aim of every individualis to motivate employee which enhance profitability at workplace.As per the view of Kim and Benbasat, 2014, it can be stated that leader plays a crucialrole to make successful operations and objectives of company. It develops skills and capabilitiesof each member within a group for ascertain results. In order to carry various actions andactivities, decisions are made to attain positive results. Hence, the firm can ascertain efficiencyof various member who take participation for attracts customer towards the firm (Kim andBenbasat, 2014). According to contingency theory, they require various qualities to solvebusiness issues and problems for making decisions. This theory concept carries three differenttypes of factors which are as follows:Leader and member relations: It is important factor for each individual to enhance trust,loyalty and confidence for leaders to achieve the best results within industry. Every member canbuild their confidence level with making positive communication with leaders (Daft, 2015). Task structure: In this factor, workers are required to identifying clarity of task to accomplish itfor managing business outcomes. In addition to this, it also assesses capabilities of each memberto fulfil needs and desire of individual. For this, each member needs to be assigned with task andactivities according to their ability. Hence, business can make high profitability at workplace(Gogolin, 2014).2
Mumford styleThis is known as capability model which can be support to relationship of leaders and theirmembers. Thus, it is emphasize to deal with various members together at workplace. PepsiCotake decisions without their member participation so that it is beneficial to attain profitability atworkplace. In this aspect, following are such indicators take place within the organisation:ExtrovertIt is the expression and feeling of each individual through developing manager cancommunicate various things at workplace.IntrovertIntrovert is people who prefer to talk and keep themselves reserved.ObservantThey are analysing type of person to determine objectives and goals to attain businessresults. With the help of Mumford style, leader of PepsiCo can enhance their problem-solvingskills. It assists to make positive recruitment and selection at workplace to deliver effectiveresults. Mumford and et.al., are demonstrates very practical knowledge in which competenciescan be measures. This is because, problem-solving skills required at all level to make effectiveposition of leader. In this way, different other skills are also develops which creates positiveimpact such as communication skills, technical skills' ad human skills. On the other hand, it alsocreates some negative impact such as less precise and lack of conceptual knowledge. Thus, itcreates negative impact on the performances and outcomes. However, it is different from transactional leadership theory which is based on situationto lead within the organisation. In this aspect, quality is requires which to handle varioussituations for the business. In addition to this, transformational style assist to make effectiveresults and performances to assure skills and performance within the company. 3
Position power: Position power refers as reward and punishment system for employee throughleaders. It will assist to generate effective results with maintain positivity. Sometimes leadersgive direction and reward to accomplish common objectives at workplace. They offer reward forhigh and effective performances and punishment for poor results. It motivates employee tomanage business results and effective communication at the workplace (Otley and Emmanuel,2013). However, contingency theory is also helpful to motivate leaders to solve businesssituations and enhance relations with various members. This it is the best theory to make quickdecisions and develop relations with various individual. Thus, it is essential to leads with varioussituations together within the organisation (Van Wart, 2014). This theory also predicts the futureoutcomes so that leaders can work accordingly. They are playing effective role in order to attainpositive outcomes so that their responsibilities is to enhance effective things. On the other hand,trait theory handles only one situation at a time so that all needs of customer cannot be matchwith situations. As per the view of Rashidirad, Soltani and Syed, 2013, leaders possess differenttypes of quality which help in developing their skills and decisions regarding businessoperations. They are taking responsibilities regarding subordinates to give them directionregarding goals and objectives. They are playing different roles for dealing particular situationswhich need to maintain results with developing new ideas and opinion at workplace (Rashidirad,Soltani and Syed, 2013). As compare to this, Day and Antonakis, 2012, stated that trait theory isemotional maturity that well adjusted and not suffered from serves psychological disorders. As itcan be identified creativity and flexibility at workplace (Day and Antonakis, 2012).Further, leaders also influence their subordinates to build relations with various memberstogether. They can also overcome mistrust and insecurities from the business, with the help ofdifferent methods of leadership styles. When the enterprise forms high structure, relationshipcannot be easily maintained (Black, 2014). On the other hand, the organisation form lowstructure task can be completing with directive and participative leadership style. It is veryeffective style to implement new plan and strategies to handle different situations at workplace.Hence, the firm can easily match principles and low positional power which requires influencingto individual for attaining objectives. As results, it can be assess that contingency theory issuitable for every individual to grow their quality and skills regarding business operations. They4
can also target new customer with developing ideas and perception for business operations andactivities (Srull and Wyer Jr, 2015).According to Burkert, Davila and Oyon, 2014, contingency theory is very useful toreduce negative results from the workplace and enhance focus on abilities of leaders. In additionto this, it is also useful to become valuable information according to effective time frame. Hence,enterprise can achieve desired goals and results. However, Daft and Marcic, 2014, argued thattrait theory has intense desires to lead other people to reach towards the business goals andobjectives. It is also determines honesty and integrity (Daft and Marcic, 2014). It is very essentialfor every leader to follow effective leadership style with matching goals and objectives relatedwith business performance. Leaders are also faces many issues and problems to deal withdifferent situations and outcomes (Burkert, Davila and Oyon, 2014). In order to maintainbusiness reputation, it is important for leaders to deliver effective results. Contingency theory isthe best method for different types of business such as PepsiCo, Royal Dutch Shell, etc. Leadersof all group are also possess different styles such as autocratic, democratic and laissez faireaccording to different situations of company. It is helpful to carry outstanding job which assistfor identifying and developing leaders qualities to achieve the best performance (Siegel andWelsh, 2014). With the help of competency model, organisation and leaders can easily enhance theirskills and knowledge regarding new things which need to be accomplish. They are also able todevelop potential and successive management system to maintain positive results (Avolio,Walumba and Weber, 2009). Further, objectives can also attain in large business throughmotivates employees. As results, competitive advantages and goals can be achieved easily atworkplace through make successful business operations. For example, manager of Marriott hotelbecome more successful and largest initiatives to enhance skills and knowledge. On the otherhand, it is crucial for enhance effective skills so that continuous monitoring also requires forsuccessful operations (Saidin, 2013). In addition to this, trait theory is based on different types of features and attributes ofleaders which make them successful and unsuccessful. Successful leaders are possesses uniqueinterest, abilities and personality to ineffective leaders. Another advantage of this theory is assistto increasing skills and abilities to attain business goals and objectives (Roe, 2014). For example,this type of leaders have various traits such ads drive, leadership motivation, honesty and5
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