Contribution of Equality and Diversity Practices in Managing Workplace Discrimination

This project explores the contribution of equality and diversity practices in managing workplace discrimination. It discusses the importance of these practices in reducing discrimination and improving employee productivity. The study is conducted on TESCO, a well-known retailer in the UK.

Contribution of equality and
diversity practices in managing
workplace discrimination
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The below mentioned project is based on the research topic “To determine the
contribution of equality and diversity practices in managing workplace discrimination”.
Workplace discrimination is determined as the one of the main issue that has been seen in
many companies. It can be said that if any of the stated discrimination takes place at
workplace then it directly places negative impact over the employees which results in decline
in their productivity and proficiency. In this project primary as well as secondary methods
have been taken into consideration for gathering maximum information on the proposed topic
that has been further analysed with the usage quantitative method. The finding section of the
project have revealed that the main advantages that TESCO can attain with these practices are
good image at marketplace, reduction in employee turnover and quick achievement of
predetermined goals and objectives.
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Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................2
TITLE: - Equality and diversity at workplace.................................................................................5
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................5
Overview & Background of the study....................................................................................5
Research Aim.........................................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................6
The concept of workplace discrimination..............................................................................6
Importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective management of employees in
TESCO...................................................................................................................................7
Role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with workplace
discrimination in TESCO.......................................................................................................8
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................9
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS.........................................................................14
Research Outcomes........................................................................................................................26
Reflection & recommendation for alternative research methodology...........................................26
Recommendation & Alternative research methodology......................................................27
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................27
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................28
Appendix........................................................................................................................................30
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4

TITLE: - Equality and diversity at workplace.
INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity is referred to as the procedure through which businesses promotes
equality within the company in terms of several opportunity that are provided to employees at
workplace (Köllen, Kakkuri-Knuuttila and Bendl, 2018). This discrimination can be seen in
many forms such as like gender, racial, religion, age, nationality, disability and sexual
discrimination. The present investigation has been conducted by considering TESCO a well
known retailer of UK, in order to explore detailed information on how equality and diversity
contributes in reducing workplace discrimination. In this regard investigator has developed
effective aim, objectives and questions which will lead whole team in gathering with the usage of
primary and secondary methods. It will provide explanation on several methods helpful in
conducting research and ends with the appropriate recommendation, reflection and conclusion
over the research problem.
Overview & Background of the study
Equality is acknowledged as most important thing at workplace which ensures that all
employees working within the company are getting equivalent opportunity. Incorporation of
practices that includes equality are considered as the most effective initiatives taken by the
company that helps them out in motivating employees and influencing them to perform the
assigned work in best possible way (Ng and Sears, 2018). Whereas, diversity is seen as the
inclusion of individuals belonging to different cultural background, religion, education etc. at
workplace who collaboratively works together for attaining organisational goals and objectives
in quicker manner. It has also been analysed that incorporation of equality and diversity practices
at workplace simply helps businesses in gaining competitive edge. The present report is based on
TESCO a large scale UK based company which belongs to retail industry. This company is a
large British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer which operates its business
throughout the world. It maintains its presence world-wide where it operates approx. 3400 stores
and also maintains its online presence which makes it capable of catering the customers belongs
to different geographical background (Syed and Ozbilgin, 2019). The respective company has its
operations across the world. The main reason behind the success of the company is the hard
work of its employees who are working collaboratively for attaining success towards the same by
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achieving their predetermined aim and objectives in quicker manner. The management team of
the company also believes that for maintaining performance of the employees (Shore, Cleveland
and Sanchez, 2018). For this they ensure that none of discrimination associated activities takes
place within the company thus in order to attain the success at international marketplace the
respective company ensures to incorporate equality and diversity practices at workplace. In this,
regard the management team of this company has hired professional researcher to conduct
research over the equality and diversity practices and how it effectively supports in eliminating
workplace discrimination at workplace (Gordon, 2018). With reference to the same, the
respected investigator has developed effective aim, objective and question based on the chosen
theme that will support investigator in conducting research in the same direction. The formulated
research aim, objectives and questions are specified as below:
Research Aim
The proposed research aim for the current investigation is “To determine the contribution
of equality and diversity practices in managing workplace discrimination.” A study on TESCO.
Research objectives
 To understand about the concept of workplace discrimination.
 To determine the importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective
management of employees in TESCO.
 To ascertain role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with
workplace discrimination in TESCO.
Research questions
 What is the concept of workplace discrimination?
 What are the importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective
management of employees in TESCO?
 Explain role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with
workplace discrimination in TESCO?
LITERATURE REVIEW
The concept of workplace discrimination
According to the views and opinions of Nishii and et. al., (2018), workplace discrimination can
be defined as the biased as well as differential treatment received by an individual while at work
6

station. Discrimination can be done on the basis of any of the following aspects: age, colour,
caste, ethnicity, parenthood, genetic information, creed, gender, race, nationality, sexual
orientation, religion and so on (Köllen, Kakkuri-Knuuttila and Bendl, 2018). Workplace
discrimination takes place in an instance whereby a person is discriminated in an adverse
manner. This is acknowledged to be one of the most prominent issues faced by a large number of
companies across the globe at the present time. When a company is found to be engaged in
workplace discrimination practice, it can be said that the practices of the firm are unethical or
illegal (Boella and Goss-Turner, 2019). Whereby the information about an entity being engaged
in the act of workplace discrimination is publicised by the media, it brings extensive bad name to
the company. Also, the staff retention becomes an issue in such companies as employees start
developing a feeling that they might also get posed to a similar incidence of workplace
discrimination in the future context. Thus, the employees of such entities prefer to switch to and
work in those organisations which have strong policies and systems that can prevent workplace
discrimination from taking place within the premises of the company (Gay, 2018). One of the
best ways through which companies across the globe tend to deal with the issue of workplace
discrimination is by way of stipulating strong as well as effective equality and diversity policy
and practices (Ng and Sears, 2018). This will ensure that the management of the company treats
every employee in an equal and fair manner, thereby not giving preferential behaviour to any
individual working within the confines of the entity.
Importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective management of employees in
TESCO
As per the view point presented by Kang and Kaplan, (2019), equality at workplace is defined as
the practice of treating every individual working within the confines of an entity in an equitable
manner irrespective of their age, caste, gender, creed, sex, race, religion, nationality etc. Opposed
to this, diversity is acknowledged as the practice of accepting individuals as they actually are,
together with their ideologies, thoughts, nationality and many aspects (Syed and Ozbilgin, 2019).
Equality and diversity practices imply the execution of those practices within the organisation
that values the differences underlying between the individuals. Such practices emphasize upon
the development of a culture whereby every individual is treated in an equitable manner and not
discriminated against on any basis (Özbilgin, 2019). By implementing equality and diversity
practices within the company, an entity can derive a number of benefits. One of the biggest
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benefits is that the entity can gain the attention of a larger pool of individuals to place at the
positions vacant within the company. Yet another benefit linked to the implementation of
equality and diversity practices at TESCO is that the respective retail firm can capitalise upon the
ideas of individuals belonging to different national and cultural backgrounds in order to take
right decisions for the growth and development of entity (Thompson and Thompson, 2018). In
addition to this, such practices also provide assistance to entities like TESCO in retaining staff
for a longer period of time by valuing their differences and ensuring that they do not face any
kind of workplace discrimination. In the long run, equality and diversity practices have a positive
impact over the working along with financial performance of the corporation (Shore, Cleveland
and Sanchez, 2018).
Role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with workplace
discrimination in TESCO
In accordance with the perspective of Iganski and Mason, (2018), it has been
acknowledged that equality and diversity practices are quite effective in minimising the extent of
issues prevailing within an entity owing to workplace discrimination. In the present context, the
concern of each and every corporation operating within the confines of an economy is to
maintain effective goodwill among the public as this provides assistance to them in building their
revenues as well as profitability. In this relation, every company ensures that they do not incur
any of such activities or practices that bring bad name to the corporation (Gordon, 2018).
Workplace discrimination is one of such activities which if supported by an organisation can
create a very bad image of the brand in the mindsets of customers. For an organisation like
TESCO, it is important that workplace discrimination is not supported in any instance and strict
measures are taken which can ensure that no such cases of prejudicial conduct encountered by
employees emerge in the long run (Staron, 2020). For this purpose, the HR management of
TESCO executes equality and diversity practices which tend to emphasize over the importance
of valuing the differences lying between the employees working within an organisation. This
encourages candidates of different origins and nationalities to become a part of the company and
stay loyal and dedicated to it for a long period of time. Furthermore, it also boosts the morale of
existing employees and encourages them to enhance their productivity so that the entity can
attain its corporate goals in a timely manner (Boella and Goss-Turner, 2019). This provides
assistance to an enterprise in creating an effective goodwill of the brand in the minds of
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customers and thereby gaining their support in boosting the financial performance of the firm.
This tends to imply the improvement of financial performance of an entity in the long run,
thereby helping it in gaining a competitive advantage at market place.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In present time, Research methodology is said to be a piece of an investigation which give
an essential data just as legitimization with respect to the few techniques, instruments,
approaches, procedures and so forth are utilized by investigator so as to perform investigation
(Flick, 2020). This specifically aid in coordinating the research adequately by assessing the
strategy accessible and pick the most appropriate one. The sort and techniques utilized for the
present examination of equity and assorted variety is referenced beneath:
Research design: - One of the primary aspect every single investigation where it is most
important for a researcher to conduct a proper Research design so that accumulation of
appropriate results can be done. Exploratory, experimental and descriptive are said to be the
three different types of research this design that can be taken into consideration and in present
research descriptive investigating design has been utilised because it sets with quantitative
investigation.
Research philosophy- In present context, there are specifically two types of philosophies of
research that can be utilised and these are interpretivism along with positivism. In order to
conduct present investigation the philosophy that has been chosen that is interpretivism (Gaudet,
Dorion and Flaminio, 2020). As it aid in focusing upon various aspects of the research outcome
while conducting the research.
Type of investigation: -Qualitative and quantitative are the two crucial investigating
methods that can be utilised by researchers. While performing this investigation quantitative
mean of investigation has been utilised and the focus of investigative will be on different figures
along with the numerical aspects and including the different statistical information as well on the
chosen topic. The overall gathered information would be analysed in the form of thematic
analysis as it is supportive in describes each and every question with the usage of theme for each
and every question. As a result, it supports in obtaining valid outcome towards the research
problem.
Research approach: Over the years, investigators are utilising the two crucial approaches of
of research and these are deductive and inductive. In present investigation, researcher will be
9

utilising deductive approach as it is directly e connecting with the quantitative investigating
research and may help in pulling out different numerical figures, facts and statistical data about
the chosen topic.
Research strategy- When it comes to conduct crucial investigation then there are a number
of strategies of investigation that can be in present investigation, questionnaire has been utilised
as a research strategy to accumulate appropriate information in relation to the chosen topic and to
bring out effective outcomes at the correct time as well (Pop, Rus and Drenta, 2020). A well
prepared questionnaire is presented underneath:
Questionnaire
Q 1) Are you aware with the concept of workplace discrimination?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 2) Do you think workplace discrimination impacts growth rate of the company?
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q 3) Do you think, workplace discrimination affects morale of employees?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 4) As per your opinion, what are different ways through which workplace discrimination can
be identified within TESCO?
a) By taking feedback from employees
b) Regular based inspection at workplace
c) Providing liberty to employees to express things
Q 5) According to your view point, what are the main advantages that TESCO can attain by
incorporating equality and diversity practices at workplace?
a) Good image at marketplace
b) Reduction in employee turnover
c) Quick achievement of predetermined goals and objectives
Q 6) Does effective implementation of equality and diversity practices helps TESCO in gaining
competitive edge?
10

a) Yes
b) No
Q 7) What are main consequences that TESCO might face due to workplace discrimination?
a) Increase in employee turnover
b) Enhancement in conflicts at workplace
c) Reduction in productivity and proficiency of employees
Q 8) According to your perception, what are the several ways that could support TESCO in
implementing equality and diversity at workplace?
a) Providing equal opportunity
b) Inclusion training
c) Assigning team work
Q 9) Do you think, incorporation of equality and diversity practices helps TESCO in reducing
workplace discrimination?
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q 10) According to you, how equality and diversity practices addresses workplace
discrimination within TESCO?
a) By providing equal chance to workforce
b) Promoting employees according to their performance
c) Taking feedback from employees
Q 11) Does employees feedback provides support to management of TESCO is determining
workplace discrimination and taking strict action towards it?
a) Yes
b) No
Data collection- Particularly there are two different type of data collecting tool that can
be utilised by investigators and these are secondary along with primary investigating and data
collection tools. Secondary information is one which support in gathering the data which is as of
now accessible over the present region of study which can be utilized to for creating fundamental
comprehension over subject (Sengupta, 2020). On the other hand, if it is talked about primary
investigation then this is considered to be the original data which is being formulated by
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researcher. In order to pull out right information in the literature review, researcher has utilised
secondary data collecting tool and on the other hand in order to conduct the data analysis section
a researcher has taken into consideration of questionnaire which is considered to be a part of
primary method of data collection tool.
Sampling- there are number of sampling methods that are available in the research
market but in order to conduct this investigation random sampling method which is a part of non
probabilistic investigation is being taken into consideration so that appropriate amount of
information can easily be brought from the chosen respondents (Dion and et. al., 2020). In
present context, it is going to be considered as the sample size of 40 where the accumulation of
the data will be done from these respondents only.
Reliability and validity of study- For keeping up the legitimacy and unwavering quality
inside a research the essential data is accumulated utilizing survey. This is so on the grounds that
it help in guaranteeing that the most dependable just as validated information can be assembled
straightforwardly with the help of respondents which further assistance in keeping up the
legitimacy of data as immediate data is gathered inside any kind of adjustment from the
individuals who have thought in regards to this regions of study (Lee, Dobiyanski and Sviland,
2020).
Cost, access and ethical issue- Anatomy, confidentiality, access two different variables
and the different resources along with the cost of overall investigation are said to be some crucial
aspects that are required by a researcher to consider so that no issues would take place or no
unethical activities might take place (Kumar, Kumar and Agrawal, 2020). in present contacts,
researcher has considered all the aspects of the research and easily maybe come able to deliver
right information to tu uh readers and along with the individuals who are linked with the
investigation.
Timeline-
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13

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS
Frequency table
Questionnaire
Q 1) Are you aware with the concept of workplace discrimination? Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 5
Q 2) Do you think workplace discrimination impacts growth rate of
the company?
Frequency
a) Agree 32
b) Disagree 8
Q 3) Do you think, workplace discrimination affects morale of
employees?
Frequency
a) Yes 36
b) No 4
Q 4) As per your opinion, what are different ways through which
workplace discrimination can be identified within TESCO?
Frequency
a) By taking feedback from employees 15
b) Regular based inspection at workplace 12
c) Providing liberty to employees to express things 13
Q 5) According to your view point, what are the main advantages that
TESCO can attain by incorporating equality and diversity practices
at workplace?
Frequency
a) Good image at marketplace 14
b) Reduction in employee turnover 13
c) Quick achievement of predetermined goals and objectives 13
Q 6) Does effective implementation of equality and diversity practices
helps TESCO in gaining competitive edge?
Frequency
a) Yes 33
b) No 7
Q 7) What are main consequences that TESCO might face due to Frequency
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workplace discrimination?
a) Increase in employee turnover 10
b) Enhancement in conflicts at workplace 16
c) Reduction in productivity and proficiency of employees 14
Q 8) According to your perception, what are the several ways that
could support TESCO in implementing equality and diversity at
workplace?
Frequency
a) Providing equal opportunity 11
b) Inclusion training 16
c) Assigning team work 13
Q 9) Do you think, incorporation of equality and diversity practices
helps TESCO in reducing workplace discrimination?
Frequency
a) Agree 35
b) Disagree 5
Q 10) According to you, how equality and diversity practices
addresses workplace discrimination within TESCO?
Frequency
a) By providing equal chance to workforce 18
b) Promoting employees according to their performance 12
c) Taking feedback from employees 10
Q 11) Does employees feedback provides support to management of
TESCO is determining workplace discrimination and taking strict
action towards it?
Frequency
a) Yes 37
b) No 3
Data interpretation
Theme 1: Concept of workplace discrimination
Q 1) Are you aware with the concept of workplace discrimination? Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 5
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35
5
a) Yes
b) No
s
Interpretation: Workplace discrimination is defined as the act of giving prejudicial treatment to
an employee in a negative manner. This implies that the entity gives preferential treatment to
some individuals or treats some employees in an inferior manner. Out of 40 respondents, 35 said
that they were aware of the concept of workplace discrimination as they had read about it in
school, college or over the internet. Some had even received information upon the same at their
workplace. On the contrary, 5 out of 40 respondents did not possess information of the concept
of workplace discrimination as they had not been quite social or proactive in online world.
16

Theme 2: Workplace discrimination impacts growth rate of the company
Q 2) Do you think workplace discrimination impacts growth rate of the
company?
Frequency
a) Agree 32
b) Disagree 8
32
8
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Interpretation: Workplace discrimination is acknowledged to be an illegal or unethical
practice which affects the goodwill of the company in the long run. As per the graph, it has been
interpreted that 32 out of 40 respondents were of the view that workplace discrimination impacts
upon the growth rate of the company as customers do not prefer to stay associated with the
company which have been publicized about in media in a negative context. This tends to imply a
decline in sales and profits affecting the growth of entity in the long run. As opposed to this, 8
respondents said that workplace discrimination does not impact upon the growth rate of the
company as they already maintain a loyal customer base which is dedicated towards it.
17

Theme 3: Workplace discrimination affects morale of employees
Q 3) Do you think, workplace discrimination affects morale of
employees?
Frequency
a) Yes 36
b) No 4
36
4
a) Yes
b) No
Interpretation: Workplace discrimination is an act of giving preference to one or more
individuals or the act of treating one or more individuals in an inferior way. Whatever be the
case, it tends to have a negative impact over the psyche of the employees. As per the above
graph, it can be said that 36 out of 40 respondents consider that workplace discrimination affects
the morale of staff as they tend to develop a sense of negativity within themselves in regards to
their ideology towards the company. On the contrary, 4 out of 40 respondents are of the belief
that workplace discrimination does not affect the morale of staff members as entity motivates
them by way of motivational tools and techniques.
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Theme 4: Different ways through which workplace discrimination can be identified within
TESCO
Q 4) As per your opinion, what are different ways through which
workplace discrimination can be identified within TESCO?
Frequency
a) By taking feedback from employees 15
b) Regular based inspection at workplace 12
c) Providing liberty to employees to express things 13
15
12
13
a) By taking feedback from
employees
b) Regular based
inspection at workplace
c) Providing liberty to
employees to express
things
Interpretation: It is highly important for every organisation to determine several ways
through which they can easily identify workplace discrimination and take initiative to resolve
them effectively without facing any sort of issues related to the same. According to above stated
graph, it 15 respondents have expressed that taking feedback from employees is best method as it
actual discrimination can only be expressed by the employees only. Whereas, other 12 has said
that regular based inspection is the only way to identify workplace discrimination as it develop
understanding of the manager regarding the same in the initial stage only. On the other hand, it
can be said 13 people believes that by providing liberty to employees to express things.
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Theme 5: Main advantages that TESCO can attain by incorporating equality and diversity
practices at workplace
Q 5) According to your view point, what are the main advantages that
TESCO can attain by incorporating equality and diversity practices
at workplace?
Frequency
a) Good image at marketplace 14
b) Reduction in employee turnover 13
c) Quick achievement of predetermined goals and objectives 13
14
13
13
a) Good image at
marketplace
b) Reduction in employee
turnover
c) Quick achievement of
predetermined goals and
objectives
Interpretation: According to above mentioned graph, 14 people believes that good
image at marketplace is the main advantage. Whereas, 13 other people thinks that it equality and
diversity at workplace simply reduces employee turnover within the company. Apart from this,
other 13 individual believes main benefit of equality and diversity practices for TESCO is quick
achievement of predetermined goals and objectives as employees are satisfied at workplace and
also places additional efforts in the success of the company.
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Theme 6: Effective implementation of equality and diversity practices helps TESCO in
gaining competitive edge
Q 6) Does effective implementation of equality and diversity practices
helps TESCO in gaining competitive edge?
Frequency
a) Yes 33
b) No 7
33
7
a) Yes
b) No
Interpretation: Implementation of equality and diversity practices at workplace supports
businesses in improving their organisational performance which ultimately leads to the
attainment of competitive advantage within the same industry. On the basis of information stated
in above graph 33 respondents have shown their positive response towards the same as according
to them it is true. Whereas, other people belonging to the sample size ha denied to the same as
according to them these only time wasting activities and company can only attain competitive
edge the
21

Theme 7: Main consequences that TESCO might face due to workplace discrimination
Q 7) What are main consequences that TESCO might face due to
workplace discrimination?
Frequency
a) Increase in employee turnover 10
b) Enhancement in conflicts at workplace 16
c) Reduction in productivity and proficiency of employees 14
10
16
14
a) Increase in employee
turnover
b) Enhancement in
conflicts at workplace
c) Reduction in
productivity and
proficiency of employees
Interpretation: Considering the above mentioned graph, it can easily be said that 40 out
of 16 respondents were in favour of enhancement in conflicts at workplace, 10 word in the
favour of increasing the employee turnover ratio and lastly for 14 members out of 40 respondents
has given support to their answers towards reduction in productivity and efficiency of employees
that Tesco will face because of discrimination.
22

Theme 8: The several ways that could support TESCO in implementing equality and
diversity at workplace
Q 8) According to your perception, what are the several ways that could
support TESCO in implementing equality and diversity at workplace?
Frequency
a) Providing equal opportunity 11
b) Inclusion training 16
c) Assigning team work 13
11
16
13
a) Providing equal
opportunity
b) Inclusion training
c) Assigning team work
Interpretation: While focusing the graph, it can easily be said that if the score will
directly start implementing equality and diversity at workplace when it will provide equal
opportunity, where 11 out of 40 respondents has given their answers towards it. Apart from this,
40 out of 16 were in the favour of inclusion of training and lastly only 13 from 40 respondents
has given their answers towards assigning team work.
23

Theme 9: Incorporation of equality and diversity practices helps TESCO in reducing
workplace discrimination
Q 9) Do you think, incorporation of equality and diversity practices
helps TESCO in reducing workplace discrimination?
Frequency
a) Agree 35
b) Disagree 5
35
5
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Interpretation: Considering the graph, it is interpreted that 40 out of 35 respondents in
the favour of agreement and stated that incorporation of equality and diversity practice will help
in reducing the chances of discrimination at workplace and me also generate opportunities that
are equal in nature for staff members. Apart from that, 40 out of only five respondents has given
their answer towards this agreement and stated that there is nothing can be done to reduce
discrimination at workplace.
24

Theme 10: Equality and diversity practices addresses workplace discrimination within
TESCO
Q 10) According to you, how equality and diversity practices
addresses workplace discrimination within TESCO?
Frequency
a) By providing equal chance to workforce 18
b) Promoting employees according to their performance 12
c) Taking feedback from employees 10
18
12
10
a) By providing equal
chance to workforce
b) Promoting employees
according to their
performance
c) Taking feedback from
employees
Interpretation: Based on the information, it can be said that 18 from 40 respondents has
given their answers to words through providing equal chances to workforce, 12 has given their
favour towards promoting employees according to their performance and lastly only time out of
40 respondents has stated that taking feedback from employees will work for the company to
follow the practices of equal opportunities and so on.
25

Theme 11: Employees feedback provides support to management of TESCO is determining
workplace discrimination and taking strict action towards it
Q 11) Does employees feedback provides support to management of
TESCO is determining workplace discrimination and taking strict
action towards it?
Frequency
a) Yes 37
b) No 3
37
3
a) Yes
b) No
Interpretation: Above graph is daily mentioning that employees feedback directly offers
support to the management of a company like Tesco when it comes to developing different
strategies in relation to workplace discrimination as it may help in taking strict action right on
time. Based on the graph, 37 respondents were in favour of the statement and have given their
answers towards us and rest of them where only 3 is considered their answer as no.
Research Outcomes
Reflection & recommendation for alternative research methodology
In the present investigation, I had made use of both the primary as well as secondary
method of data collection in order to gather maximum information on the proposed research
topic. Usage of both the methods at the same time have supported me a lot in gathering detailed
information which have further supported me a lot in obtaining valid research outcome. In
26

addition to this, it can be further said that I had used quantitative method for analysing the
overall information. The main reason behind using this method is that it was highly supportive in
evaluating information given by respondents in the systematic manner. As a result, usage of all
these methods have supported in attaining outcome towards the research topic. By conducting
this investigation, I have learnt a lot of skills such as communication, time management, team
working, analytical and many others. Along with this, I have also developed detailed knowledge
on the several research methods along with their effectiveness as well as challenges.
Recommendation & Alternative research methodology
For conducting this investigation, researcher has made use of questionnaire method in order
to gather maximum information from the respondents. Even though, the method was highly
effective but it had some limitations too like it contain only close ended question which does not
provide option to the respondent to express their viewpoint to their own perception. On the basis
of my own experience, I personally recommend myself to make use of interview method as the
alternative methodology so that I can gather detailed information from the respondents as it
includes open ended questions. This simply provides complete liberty to respondent to express
their information in appropriate manner. With the usage of interview method I would easily be
able to conduct more effective research and acquire outcome towards research problem in
appropriate manner.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above mentioned description, it is concluded businesses are taking many
initiatives with the motive of addressing workplace discrimination within the company so that
they can easily develop positive working environment for employees and also make them realise
that they are working in the company where all employees are treated equality. This is ultimately
results in the quick attainment of organisational goals and objective which ultimately leads to the
success. Along with this, it can be said that equality and diversity practice brings range of
advantages for the company which incorporates it within the company in appropriate manner.
27

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Köllen, T., Kakkuri-Knuuttila, M.L. and Bendl, R., 2018. An indisputable “holy trinity”? On the
moral value of equality, diversity, and inclusion. Equality, diversity and inclusion: an
international journal.
Ng, E.S. and Sears, G.J., 2018. Walking the talk on diversity: CEO beliefs, moral values, and the
implementation of workplace diversity practices. Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-14.
Syed, J. and Ozbilgin, M., 2019. Managing diversity and inclusion: An international perspective.
SAGE Publications Limited.
Shore, L.M., Cleveland, J.N. and Sanchez, D., 2018. Inclusive workplaces: A review and
model. Human Resource Management Review, 28(2), pp.176-189.
Gordon, P.A., 2018. Age diversity in the workplace. In Diversity and inclusion in the global
workplace (pp. 31-47). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Nishii, L.H., Khattab, J., Shemla, M. and Paluch, R.M., 2018. A multi-level process model for
understanding diversity practice effectiveness. Academy of Management
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Boella, M.J. and Goss-Turner, S., 2019. Human resource management in the hospitality
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Appendix
Research Proposal Form
Student Name: ______________________ Student ID:
____________
Centre Name: _____________________
Tutor: ________________ Date:
___________________
Unit: ____________________
Proposed Title: Contribution of equality and diversity practices in
minimising workplace discrimination
Section One: Title, objective, responsibilities
Title or working title of the research project (in the form of a
question, objective or hypothesis)
The proposed research aim for the current investigation is “To determine the contribution of
equality and diversity practices in managing workplace discrimination.” A study on TESCO.
Research objectives (e.g what is the question you want to answer?
What do you want to learn how to do? What do you want to find
out?):
Research objectives
 To understand about the concept of workplace discrimination.
 To determine the importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective
management of employees in TESCO.
 To ascertain role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with
workplace discrimination in TESCO.
Research questions
 What is the concept of workplace discrimination?
 What are the importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective
management of employees in TESCO?
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 Explain role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with
workplace discrimination in TESCO?
Section Two: Reasons for choosing this research project
Reasons for choosing the project (e.g links to other subjects you are
studying, personal interest, future plans, knowledge/skills you want
to improve, why the topic is important):
The reason for choosing this topic for research are mentioned below -
Workplace discrimination is a major issue within business environment and thus this research is
conducted for knowing what are the factors which should be taken care by Tesco managers for
maintaining positive environment at workplace. The investigator has chosen this topic for
analysing how the problem of workplace discrimination can be overcome and employees can be
given positive environment to work in.
Section Three: Literature sources searched
Use of key literature sources to support your research question,
objective or hypothesis:
Concept of workplace discrimination
From the viewpoint of Kalev, (2019), Workplace discrimination is identified as the
common issue seen in companies. This discrimination can be seen in many terms like gender,
racial, colour, religion, nationality, disability, age etc. Incorporation of equality and diversity
also states that any kind of discrimination does not exist within the firm. It also contributes in
managing workplace discrimination in such a manner that ultimately reduces it in rightful
manner. In various companies some of its employees are complaining of going through
workplace discrimination. In order to resolve this issues, the top management team has to hire
researcher for conducting research on the same.
Importance of equality and diversity practices towards effective management of employees in
TESCO
As per the views of Dunham, and Leupold, (2019) Equality in workplace refers to treating
each employee of the organisation equally regardless of their age, sex, sexual inclination, race,
culture, religion, nationality, beliefs, and more. Diversity on the other hand goes beyond equality
. Diversity is accepting people as they are . With their beliefs, values, or nationality. It has a
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broader meaning which says to create a culture which values individual differences. There are a
number of benefits which an organisation can gain through equality and diversity, some of these
are the organisation will have a greater pool of applicants to choose from while recruiting for
jobs, the workforce when diversified becomes more balanced. It will lead to increased morale
and motivation in employees. Another benefit is employee retention ratio will have a positive
result. The firm can benefit from the knowledge of different people from different communities
which will give a better understanding of different market segments and consumer behaviour.
Role of equality and diversity practices in minimising issues related with workplace
discrimination in TESCO
From the views of Paraskevopoulou, Drydakis, and Sidiropoulou, (2019), The practice of
equality and diversity in an organisation has proved to reduce workplace discrimination. The
discrimination in workplace arises only when the employees are not treated equally. If every
employee is treated equally and accepted for whom they really are no workplace discrimination
cases will ever emerge. Also, it has a very positive affect on the employees of the organisation.
People learn to work with other employees of different origin and culture, which improves their
knowledge about all these cultuires. When people come to know that the firm supports diverse
workforce they would want to work for you. This improves the motivation in employees who
ultimately fulfil the visions and goals of the firm.
Section Four: Activities and timescales
Activities to be carried out during the research
project (e.g research, development and analysis
of ideas, writing, data collection, numerical
analysis, tutor meetings, production of final
outcome, evaluation, writing the report):
Introduction
Developing aims & objectives
Literature review
Research methodology
Collecting data
Analysing the data
How long this will take:
8 weeks
1 week
1 week
1 week
1 week
1 week
2 weeks
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Conclusion & recommendations
Final report
Milestone one: literature review
Target date (set by tutor): ________________
Milestone two: Data collection
Target date (set by tutor): ____________________
Gantt Chart
Gantt chart is seen as the graphic representation of all research activity that will going to be
executed by researcher at workplace. It is consist of horizontal or vertical line that is supportive
in developing better understanding on the activities inclusion of their starting as well as finishing
time period. The Gantt chart for present research is given below -
33

34

Section Five: Research approach and methodologies
What type of research approach and methodologies are you likely to
use and why? What your areas of research will cover:
For conducting present investigation, researcher will make use of both the primary and
secondary form of data collection method. Here, questionnaire will going to adopted as main
primary source whereas books, journal, online article etc. will be taken as secondary sources
within the research. All the information gathered from this will be further analysed by making
use of qualitative form of research method in order to obtain research outcome based on human
perception. Total 40 respondents will be selected as the sample size making use of random
sampling method.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Kalev, A., 2019. Rights on Trial: How Workplace Discrimination Law Perpetuates Inequality.
Dunham, C.R. and Leupold, C., 2019. Third Generation Discrimination: An Empirical Analysis
of Judicial Decision Making in Gender Discrimination Litigation. Elon University Law
Legal Studies Research Paper.
Paraskevopoulou, A., Drydakis, N. and Sidiropoulou, K., 2019. Age, gender and race in the
workplace: discrimination in recruitment.
Comments and agreement from tutor
Comments (optional):
I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be
submitted for another qualification and is appropriate.
Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________
Comments and agreement form project proposal checker( IV
sampling)
Comments (Optional):
35

I confirm that the project is appropriate.
Agreed /Disagree: (Name of the IV)
Date
36

Research Ethics approval form
All students conducting research activity that involves human participants
or the use of data collected form human participants are required to gain
ethical approval before commencing their research. Please answer all
relevant questions and note that your form may be returned if incomplete.
For further support and guidance please see your respective Unit Tutor:
Before completing this form, we advise that you discuss your proposed
research fully with your unit tutor. Please complete this form in good time
before your research project is due to commence.
Section 1: Basic details:
Project title:
“To determine the contribution of equality and diversity practices
in managing workplace discrimination.” A study on TESCO.
Student name:
Student ID number:
Programme:11
College Name
Intended research start date:
Intended research end date:
Section 2 Project summary
37

Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your
project:
1. Interviews
2. Questionnaires ✓
3. Observations
4. Use of personal records ✓
5. Data Analysis ✓
6. Action Research ✓
7. Focus Groups
8. Others (Please specify) :
Section 3: Participants
Please answer the following questions, giving full details where
necessary.
Will your research involve human participants?
Who are the participants? Tick all that apply:
Ages 12-16: Young people aged: 17-18 Adults ✓
How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?
Participant will be recruited with quick interview
Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what
you are doing:
Emails, mobile phone etc., will be used to inform participant
38

about research.
How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How
will it be made clear to participants that they may withdraw consent to
participate at any time?
Consent of participants will be obtained in written format. It will be
cleared to them with face to face communication.
Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of
omitting questions that do not wish to answer?
Yes ✓ No
If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical
issues arising from this
Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be
asked for their informed consent to be observed.
Yes ✓ No
Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give
them a brief explanation of the study)?
39

Yes ✓ No
Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?
(This could be a brief summary of your findings in general)
Yes ✓ No
Section 4: Data Storage and Security
Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in
compliance with the Data Protection Act (1998)
Yes ✓ No
Who will have access to the data and personal information?
Researcher will have access to data
During the research:
Where will the data be stored?
Computer and cloud
Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used
Yes No ✓
If Yes, please provide further details:
After the research:
Where will the data be stored?
40

Computer and cloud
How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?
For 2 years
Will data be kept for use by other researchers? Yes ✓ No
Section 5 : Ethical Issues
Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may
raise ethical concerns? If so, please outline how you will deal with these:
It is important that you demonstrate your awareness of potential risks
that may arise because of your research. Please consider/address all
issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not limited
to the following :
 Informed consent.
 Potentially vulnerable participants.
 Sensitive topics
 Risk to participants and /or researchers
 Confidentiality/anonymity
 Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality
 Data storage and security, both during and after the research
(including transfer, sharing, encryption, protection).
 Reporting
 Dissemination and use of your findings.
Section 6: Declaration
I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s
Research and Ethics Policy: Yes No
41

I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with
my Unit Tutor:
Yes No
I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:
The above information is correct, and this is a full description of
the ethical issues that may arise in the course of my research
Name:
Date:28/05/2019
Please submit your completed form to your supervisor and also
attach to the Research Proposal when submitting to Turnitin.
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