This research aims to examine the risk factors of COPD in Australian Aboriginal population. Findings show that smoking is the main cause of COPD. Regular exercise, balanced diet, and pulmonary rehabilitation are recommended to prevent the disease.
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Running head: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE RESEARCH1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Research Student’s Name Institutional Affiliations
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CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE RESEARCH3 It is important to note that the research utilized different databases including journals, peer- reviewed journals, websites, books, films, and conducting interviews and assessment in the among the populace. c)Limiters Some of the limiters used to search for the evidence include children, health care providers, and assessing the environment as a risk factor. The limiters helped in getting more information in regards to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Best Practice Best PracticeLevel of Evidence and Type of Study Citation in CDU APA 6th format Avoid smokingLevel I from meta-analysis and randomized trial (Zwar et al., 2016) Eat dietary food and regular exercise Level V from qualitative and descriptive reviews (Vogelmeier et al., 2017) Pulmonary rehabilitationLevel IV from cohort studies(McCarthy et al., 2015) Findings The findings of the research showed that the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is mainly caused by smoking in comparison to other factors such as environment and physical inactivity (McCarthy et al., 2015). The findings show that it takes numerous years of smokers to develop the COPD and notes that patients contracting the disease are older people. Other factors revealed in an interview with health care professionals include industrial exposure, for example, mining, immune deficiency syndromes, and alpha-1 deficiency. In the same token, the study found that the common symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE RESEARCH4 include purses-lip breathing, productive cough, wheezing, and dyspnea. Other advanced cases which might be witnessed include peripheral oedema, asterixis, and muscle wasting. The research also established four main stages of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Stage I also known as mild involve the FEV1 becoming greater than 80 percent of normal while stage II also known as moderate involve the FEV1 ranging between 50 percent to 79 percent of normal. On the other hand, stage III also known as severe involve the FEV1 ranging between 30 percent to 49 percent of normal whereas stage IV also known as severe encompass the FEV1 becoming less than 30% and this can result in respiratory failure. The findings indicated that people who smoke have got high chances of contracting the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The study, therefore, recommended people to cease smoking, regularly exercise, eat balance diets, and seek pulmonary rehabilitation to shun contracting the chronic disease (Vogelmeier, et al., 2017). Most importantly, individuals should cease smoking.
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CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE RESEARCH5 References Lange, P., Celli, B., Agustí, A., Boje Jensen, G., Divo, M., Faner, R., ... & Meek, P. (2015). Lung- function trajectories leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 373(2), 111-122. McCarthy, B., Casey, D., Devane, D., Murphy, K., Murphy, E., & Lacasse, Y. (2015). Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Cochrane Library. Vogelmeier, C. F., Criner, G. J., Martinez, F. J., Anzueto, A., Barnes, P. J., Bourbeau, J., ... & Frith, P. (2017). Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease 2017 report. Respirology, 22(3), 575-601. Zwar, N. A., Bunker, J. M., Reddel, H. K., Dennis, S. M., Middleton, S., Van Schayck, O. C., ... & Xuan, W. (2016). Early intervention for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by practice nurse and GP teams: a cluster randomized trial. Family practice, 33(6), 663-670.