Footing System, Structural System, Wall System, Floor System, Services and Fire System in Modern Construction

CPCCBC5018A
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Footing System
Part 1
Footing system of a building may be defined as the building's component that is responsible for
distribution of loads from the building down to foundation. The design of a footing system
normally ensures that the structural loads are transmitted safely and economically to the subsoil.
Such kind of load transfer reduces movement of the building in its entire lifespan.
During the design of the footing system, there are several factors that are considered. These
factors include structural loading, conditions of the site/conditions of the soil, factors of economy
and finally the period of construction. However, the most crucial factors that must be given
weight include the condition of the soil and loading of the structural components. The
differential settlement of the building during the rainy season can be effectively controlled by
proper design of the footing system(Ebeling, Daly, Kerr and Kimlin 2013).
According to the picture or the photograph that has been illustrated, an open footing system has
been considered ideal. The reasons as to why this kind of foundation may be referred to as open
foundation are because, from the photographs, excavations were made before the construction of
the footing. It means that during the earlier stages of construction the entire system of the footing
was visible to the eye. The use of open footing system is a clear indication that the type of soil in
the area is very much stable that is to say it is a rocky soil. It is evident from the photographs that
the raft system has been used. The use of raft is to ensure that there is an equal distribution of
loads. Since the building will be subjected to both dead and live loads, a large base is necessary
to significantly reduce the loads per unit area(Fatahi and Tabatabaiefar 2013). The individual

footings have actually been connected by a plinth beam as can be seen in figure 2. The transfer
of superstructure load and balancing of the reactive soil has been achieved using piers.
Part 2
Sketch
Figure 1(a): Column connection(Shih, Sher and Giggins 2013).

Figure 1(b): Bored pier location(Shih, Sher and Giggins 2013).
Part 3
Stormwater removal system
The storm water from the roof will be managed by the use of gutter that is also connected to the
downspout. Perforated drainage will be used to manage storm water from attacking the footing.

Figure 2: Water removal system from the foundation(Shih, Sher and Giggins 2013)
After the completion of the construction process, extra support may be provided to the roof
component by the use of open footing system. The most common pad-type is used in the case of
the portal frame. Pad footing system is actually the cheapest and the easiest type footing to be
constructed. Its functions are to submit loads of the structure to the subsoil. Its normal acceptable
bearing pressure is 100kPa.The components of different types of open footing system include
sections.
Structural system

Figure 3: Location of structural elements(Hunt and Smith 2018)
Part one
Considering that there are normally perfect results from using reinforced concrete or steel,
modern buildings have higher strengths and that is why steel reinforced concretes have become
very popular. Addition of the steel bars increases concretes strength making it suitable materials
for various applications. Reinforcing the concrete during the construction process actually add
tensile strength to the building itself. The building is therefore capable of withstanding the
ravages of weather and time. The cracking and breakages are controlled properly. Reinforced
concrete is a structure of connected members of the frame consisting of the footings to the
columns. The columns are connected to the beams. Finally, the beams are connected to the
floors. Actually, the most type of connections exploited here is called moment connections. The
two members are firmly connected to one another((Shih, Sher and Giggins 2013).