Critical Analysis of an Article | Article Review

Running head: CRITICAL ANALSYIS OF AN ARTICLE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Article 1
The effect of critical thinking disposition on entrepreneurship levels: A
study on future teachers.
This article, “The effect of critical thinking disposition on entrepreneurship levels: A
study on future teachers has been presented by eminent scholars, Merve Kırbaşlara, Zeliha
Özsoy-Güneşb. The research background of the paper highly focuses on the importance of
entrepreneurs and their decision making skills which can be acquired by critical thinking
disposition on the entrepreneurship levels. According to the article, entrepreneurs have some
unique characteristics which not many people have like vision, persuasiveness, creativity, risk
taking behavior and many more however one of the most dynamic quality which they possess
is decision making skills (Kırbaşlar & Özsoy-Güneş, 2015). According to scholars, one of the
most important skills of an entrepreneur is decision making skills as it is important to make
fruitful decisions for a business and also to help during the time of crisis (Dhochak &
Sharma, 2016). In order to make fruitful decisions one needs to have critical thinking skills
and abilities (ŽivkoviĿ, 2016). Research suggests that critical thinking skills can be achieved
with the help of proper monitoring and guidance (Makmur, Susilo & Indriwati, 2019). Thus,
it is important for a positive change in the current educational programs in order to foster
critical thinking skills among the teachers so that they can help future students to develop
critical thinking skills for their personal as well as professional development in the long run.
The aim of this research article is to understand the connection between critical
thinking dispositions and the entrepreneurship levels. The core research questions of this
paper are whether the levels of critical thinking disposition of the teachers are different when
it comes to different varieties like class, department, graduated schools and gender. The other

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question whether the teacher’s entrepreneurship levels are different based on different
varieties like class, department and gender and the other core question of this paper is that
whether critical thinking dispositions have a positive and a significant effect on the teacher’s
entrepreneurship level. The sample size of this article is 548 teachers from various different
departments of social studies, elementary school, science and mathematics. This article used
the relational scanning model and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory tool was
used in the data collection process. Wang et al, (2019) states CCTDI is considered to be one
of the most premier tools to conduct surveys on the dispositional factors of critical thinking.
This article according to me has more weaknesses as compared to the strengths. The
strengths of this paper is that it uses very clear and simple language which makes it easy for
people to understand. Heumader et al, (2016) states use of easy language in a research paper
helps in making the paper universal and palatable to a wide range of audience. The
hypothesis and the results are related and the paper uses a good sample size to make the paper
relevant. Sample size is important in a research paper as it helps in understanding the
authenticity of the paper (McNeish & Stapleton, 2016). However, the major weakness of the
paper is the absence of a conclusion. Curtis, Comiskey & Dempsey, (2016) states conclusion
in a research paper is important to summarize the entire paper and come to a conclusion. This
shows that the research paper has failed to conclude to anything making the paper
incomplete. The paper does not provide any limitations and scholars suggest that limitations
in a research paper are essential for placing the finding of the research in context and to
interpret the validity and the credibility level to the conclusion of the paper (Queirós, Faria &
Almeida, 2017). This questions the validity of the work. This paper seems to be vague despite
of the good sample and good quality research.
Critical thinking skills according to scholars can be achieved and this makes it
important for teachers to have these skills and help students in developing these skills (Duran

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& Dökme, 2016). Stewart, (2019) states not all children have the same thinking abilities and
skills and it is important to enhance education programs for teachers to ensure they are able to
help children acquire critical thinking skills. Thus it can be seen that many scholars state the
importance of developing critical thinking skills among the teacher candidates which is
necessary. This paper is significant as it established the connection between critical thinking
disposition and entrepreneur levels which can be used further in order to make a positive
change or come up with a new curriculum design for teaching candidates to help students
develop critical thinking skills for the future development.

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Reference
Curtis, E. A., Comiskey, C., & Dempsey, O. (2016). Importance and use of correlational
research. Nurse Researcher, 23(6).
Dhochak, M., & Sharma, A. K. (2016). Identification and prioritization of factors affecting
venture capitalists’ investment decision-making process. Journal of Small Business
and Enterprise Development.
Duran, M., & Dökme, İ. (2016). The effect of the inquiry-based learning approach on
student’s critical-thinking skills. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science &
Technology Education, 12(12), 2887-2908.
Heumader, P., Edler, C., Miesenberger, K., & Petz, A. (2016, July). Easy Reader–or the
Importance of Being Understood. In International Conference on Computers Helping
People with Special Needs (pp. 297-300). Springer, Cham.
Kırbaşlar, M., & Özsoy-Güneş, Z. (2015). The effect of critical thinking disposition on
entrepreneurship levels: A study on future teachers. Procedia-Social and Behavioral
Sciences, 174, 199-207.
Makmur, W., Susilo, H., & Indriwati, S. E. (2019, June). Implementation of Guided Inquiry
Learning With Scaffolding Strategy to Increase Critical Thinking Skills Of Biology
Students’ Based On Lesson Study. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol.
1227, No. 1, p. 012003). IOP Publishing.
McNeish, D. M., & Stapleton, L. M. (2016). The effect of small sample size on two-level
model estimates: A review and illustration. Educational Psychology Review, 28(2),
295-314.

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Queirós, A., Faria, D., & Almeida, F. (2017). Strengths and limitations of qualitative and
quantitative research methods. European Journal of Education Studies.
Stewart, T. T. (2019). Supporting teacher candidates' development of critical thinking skills
through dialogue and reflection. In Handbook of research on critical thinking
strategies in pre-service learning environments (pp. 211-234). IGI Global.
Wang, X., Sun, X., Huang, T., He, R., Hao, W., & Zhang, L. (2019). Development and
validation of the critical thinking disposition inventory for Chinese medical college
students (CTDI-M). BMC medical education, 19(1), 200.
ŽivkoviĿ, S. (2016). A model of critical thinking as an important attribute for success in the
21st century. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 232, 102-108.

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Article 2
The impact of an integrated assessment on the critical thinking skills of
first-year university students
This paper presented by scholar, Melanie Cloete and in this research paper she points
out the significance of critical thinking skills and the importance of integrated assessment
which has a huge impact on fostering critical thinking skills in the students which is essential
for the professional development of the students.
The research paper suggests the fact that critical thinking skills have gained a lot of
importance and is necessary for everyone to have them (Cloete, 2018). Critical thinking skills
are not inborn and does not develop with maturity and age however students and people can
achieve critical thinking skills with the help of proper guidance and support and practice. The
background of the research paper presents a literature review which emphasizes on the need
and importance of critical thinking skills among people and students.
According to scholars, many graduate students do not have proper critical thinking
skills which have made it difficult for the student’s survival in their initial professional life
which hinders their career development (Desai, Berger & Higgs, 2016). The research
background of this paper suggests the same stating that graduates find it difficult to sustain in
a job due to the lack of critical thinking skills. Thus, there is an importance of integrated
assessment which helps in developing critical thinking skills among the students. The aim of
the paper is to view the fact that does integrated assessment contribute to the enhancement of
critical learning skills of first year students who have taken up the Extended Curriculum
Programme in the Department of Management Accounting in the University of Technology
which is located in Southern Africa.

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The paper has used quasi-experimental design, non-equivalent group design and also
a pre and a post test. This research is based on two groups one being the experimental and the
other one is the control and has conducted the research among 40 students per qualification.
The quantitative data of this paper was acquired with the use of Watson Glaser Critical
Thinking Appraisal (W-GCTA) UK edition. This is a census study and has focused on a
limited number of students.
According to me, this paper is appropriate as it highlights the difficulties faced by
graduate students due to the lack of critical thinking skills and how it becomes a hindrance
further in their professional development. According to scholars, traditional methods of
assessment in recent times have seen to be ineffective and do not help in the development of
critical thinking skills among students which is highly necessary in the competitive world
(Bartholomew, Strimel & Jackson, 2018). The strength of the article is the important issue
that it highlights which is how students are underprepared especially due to the lack of
critical thinking skills which also questions the assessments methods which are followed till
today. Toner & Moran, (2016) states critical thinking skills are highly important which helps
students to express their own ideas. Integrated assessment encourages students to use
knowledge outside the learning they have been taught which prepares them for the real world
(Iliadou, 2017). This paper lays emphasis on critical thinking skills and shows the impact of
integrated assessment which helps in developing these skills. I highly agree with the fact that
integrated assessments are needed as it helps students to develop critical thinking skill which
has been established in the paper. Integrated assessment helps student in developing critical
thinking skills alongside also develop competencies which are essential for first year students
(Sumarni, 2019).
The weakness of the paper is the small sample size making the paper more irrelevan
to some extent. Whitehead et al, (2016) states sample size of the paper has a huge role in

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establishing the fact whether the paper is authentic or not. The paper is structured properly
with clear headings and a simple language. According to scholars, a good research paper has
headings, subheadings, a clear structure which increases the readability of the paper Shen,
2017). The weakness of the paper according to me is that it has been conducted in a
constructed geographical area. Altmannshofer, Stangl & Straub, (2017) states papers that are
usually conducted in a region question the universality of the paper. According to scholars,
globalization has changed the way businesses work these days and critical thinking skills
have become important to make fruitful decisions for a business that have positive impact on
the business (Buckley & Casson, 2019). Moreover it has been seen that integrated assessment
helps in developing critical thinking skills among students which is essential as most
workplace needs employees who have critical thinking skills (Davidson, 2016). This paper is
seen to be significant however despite of the weaknesses as it established the impact of
integrated assessments on developing critical thinking skills which is highly important in the
present scenario and this paper can make many teachers and educators to make a positive
change in the current assessment methods.

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Reference
Altmannshofer, W., Stangl, P., & Straub, D. M. (2017). Interpreting hints for lepton flavor
universality violation. Physical Review D, 96(5), 055008.
Bartholomew, S. R., Strimel, G. J., & Jackson, A. (2018). A comparison of traditional and
adaptive comparative judgment assessment techniques for freshmen engineering
design projects. International Journal of Engineering Education, 34(1), 20-33.
Buckley, P., & Casson, M. (2019). Decision-making in international business. Journal of
International Business Studies, 50(8), 1424-1439.
Cloete, M. (2018). The impact of an integrated assessment on the critical thinking skills of
first-year university students. Accounting Education, 27(5), 479-494.
Davidson, K. (2016). Employers find ‘soft skills’ like critical thinking in short supply. The
Wall Street Journal, 30.
Desai, M. S., Berger, B. D., & Higgs, R. (2016). Critical thinking skills for business school
graduates as demanded by employers: a strategic perspective and
recommendations. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 20(1), 10-31.
Iliadou, V. (2017). Investigating young learners’ ICT and English language-related
extramural activities (Doctoral dissertation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki).
Shen, Y. (2017). On Improving Text Readability by Creating a Personal Writing
Style. English Language Teaching, 10(3), 95-100.
Sumarni, S. (2019). DESIGNING ICT COMPETENCES-INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT
INSTRUMENTS OF PRACTICAL KEY TEACHING COMPETENCES FOR
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM. IJLECR-

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION AND CULTURE
REVIEW, 5(1), 47-55.
Toner, J., & Moran, A. (2016). On the importance of critical thinking: A response to Wulf's
(2015) commentary. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 339-340.
Whitehead, A. L., Julious, S. A., Cooper, C. L., & Campbell, M. J. (2016). Estimating the
sample size for a pilot randomised trial to minimise the overall trial sample size for
the external pilot and main trial for a continuous outcome variable. Statistical methods
in medical research, 25(3), 1057-1073.
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