Cryptography: Basic Concepts and Its Importance in Network and Web Security

Running head: CRYPTOGRAPHY
Cryptography
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1CRYPTOGRAPHY
Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................2
Cryptography..................................................................................................................2
Network Security.......................................................................................................3
Web Security..............................................................................................................5
Network Attacks.........................................................................................................6
Conclusion......................................................................................................................8
References......................................................................................................................9

2CRYPTOGRAPHY
Introduction
Cryptography is the branch of cryptology, and it is in the field of implementing the
cryptographic system. Cryptology has another branch called as the cryptanalysis where the
cryptographic systems were breaks (Stallings, 2017). Cryptography is the area where
mathematics and computer science were concentrates on the criteria to secure communication
between two parties while the third party is the present while this approaches, concepts such
as encryption, decryption, signing, generating of the pseudo-random numbers, and others.
There are four principles of the cryptography and these are confidentiality, data
integrity, non-repudiation, and authentication. Confidentiality means there are a set of rules
which should be maintained and that limits the access or adds restrictions on some of the
information. The data integrity means which have to check the consistency and the accuracy
of the data in its full life-cycle (Lindell & Katz, 2014). The authentication is the term which
confirms an attribute is true or not of a datum which was said to be true by some entity. And
non-repudiation works on the inability of an author of a statement to ensure it and some
information to deny it.
This paper introduces the basic concepts of the cryptography. The paper includes
what cryptography is, what are the different forms of the cryptography that are used in the
modern generation and how it is helpful for the people (Bennett & Brassard, 2014). Further
how the implementation of the cryptographic process can help in integrating data security.
What major changes are needed in the recent future are also a major part of the report.
Cryptography
In Cryptography at first it works on in encrypted data which is referred to as plain text
and then the plaintext is encrypted into ciphertext which will be again decrypted to using
plain text (Kosba et al., 2016). The concept of encryption and decryption is fully based on the

3CRYPTOGRAPHY
type of the cryptography scheme. Cryptography is heavily used to encrypt and decrypt data
with the creation of mathematical algorithms. And the cryptanalysis has the concept of only
analyzing and breaking the encryption schemes. There are three types of cryptography
algorithms. And the algorithms will be further categorized in the basis of a number of keys
for encryption and decryption (Mirhosseini et al., 2015). The secret key cryptography which
is commonly known as SKC and also called symmetric encryption because it uses a single
key to work on both encryption and decryption. Basically used for privacy and
confidentiality. The public key cryptography also known as PKC and also called as
asymmetric scheme because it uses the different key for the encryption and the decryption
and this is used for the purpose of authentication, non-repudiation and key exchange. And the
last hash function uses mathematically transformation to encrypt data irreversibly by the
digital fingerprint. And it is used in message integrity.
Network Security
The cryptography is the component of network security and it is concerned about the
destruction, unauthorized use of network resources and how to protect from this. Network
security works on all kind of data it can access and plays a vital role in the wireless network
systems. Security is a lack of knowledge and everyone are not aware of these things and
people need to know these things (Cimato & Yang, 2017). Encryption is another component
of network security and is the most efficient way to decrease data loss. In the network, safety
encryption will apply the crypto facilities at the network transmission layer on the top of the
data link layer and below the application layer. Encryption in a network security has another
name as network layer encryption. The term encryption, in the network security system,
works through internet protocol security layers and helps in the process of standardizing the
internet engineering task force. This also helps in the process of construction of the structure
for private communication over an internet protocol network. Internet protocol executes the