Cardiovascular Disease as an Alarming Health Issue among Obese Young Adults Population of Australia

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Epidemiology and Population Studies

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NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Introduction
The chosen health care concern for this essay is cardio-vascular
disease (CVD). The rationale behind the selection of this health anomaly
as the principal health concern because CVD is the leading cause of
disease burden and death in Australia (The Department of Health
Australia 2016). At present, the total number of people who are living with
CVD is increasing dramatically both in Australia and in other parts of the
world. The major risk factors associated with CVD is advancing age,
genetic predisposition, ethnicity and gender. However, these are all non-
modifiable risk factors. Certain modifiable risk factors which are
associated with CVD include obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet,
alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking. Among the modifiable risk
factors, obesity plays a significant role in the disease development. This is
because; obesity increases the susceptibility of the biomedical risk factors
of CVD like high blood pressure and high cholesterol. These two
biomedical factors along with obesity further increase the overall severity
of the disease (The Department of Health Australia 2016). According to
Waters et al. (2013), CVD is the main cause of hospitalization among
490,000 people in Australia during 2014 to 2015. Waters et al. (2013) is of
the opinion that the despite notable improvements in the overall cardio
vascular health Australians in recent tenure, CVD still continues to impose
health burden over the young adults of Australian. This health burden
comes in the form of illness, premature death and disability. Waters et al.
(2013) further argued that though the rate of CVD has decreased

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NURSING ASSIGNMENT
dramatically, the overall CVD threats have increased among the young
adults. Among these young adult groups of population, the majority are
obese. This high rate of hospitalization along with morbidity and mortality
rate increase the overall disease burden among the Australian populations
(Waters et al., 2013).
The following essay aims to analyses CVD as an alarming health-
issue among obese young adults population of Australia. The essay
will initiate via providing brief a description of the significance of the
health issue (CVD) in relation to the chosen population (obese young
adults of Australia). Upon discussing it, the essay will aim to highlight
relevant determinants of health associated with CVD. The essay will then
attempt to throw light over the importance epidemiological and statistical
terms which are important in describing CVD in relation to obesity in a
comprehensive manner. The second part of the essay will analyse one
current strategy which will be sued to address the use in the state levels
of Australia. At the end, the essays will argument about the importance of
collaboration, sustainability and capacity building in CVD control among
the obese group of population.

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Part One
Significance of the Topic in Relation to Chosen Population
The prevalence of obesity has increased drastically throughout the
world during the last few decades. At present it has increased to an
epidemic proportion. According to the World Health Organisation at least
35% of adults who are above 20 years of age (34% men and 35% men)
are obese. Such growing concerns of obesity are associated with negative
consequences in health. According to the review article by Bastien et al.
(2014), high level of BMI is common among obese young adults. This high
BMI is associated with the development of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors
like hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes and dyslipidemia leading to
the development of CV diseases like coronary heart disease (CHD) and
ischemic heart disease. Bastien et al. (2014) further argued that the high
level of BMI is significantly associated with CVD manifestations like
angina, heart failure, myocardial infarction and death. The increase
incidence of CVD events among the obese individual is associated with
the endothelial dysfunction along with sub-clinical inflammation which
further worsens the CVD risk factor. Obesity also increase the chance of
developing arthrosclerosis at an younger age of life which in turn is
regarded as the principal risk factor behind the development of CVD
among young adults of Australia (Bastien et al. 2014).
The review article published by Alpert et al. (2014) mainly
highlighted over the heart failure (HF) one of the leading form of CVD. The