Data Handling and Using: ICT

Data handling and using
ICT
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Table of Contents
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................3
Raw data Presentation .....................................................................................................................3
Statistical techniques........................................................................................................................4
Data Manipulation...........................................................................................................................6
Graphical representation..................................................................................................................9
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................10
References......................................................................................................................................12
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Introduction
Data handling using information and communication technology becomes a lot easier in
collecting, summarising, presenting and analysing. This presentation is researching about the
cases of onset and spread of COVID-19 in the world. It is a global pandemic which started from
Asia and soon reached to all parts of Europe. It registered its first break in later part of December
2019 in Asia and spread to the world in first quarter of 2020. World Health Organisation (WHO)
is responsibly monitoring the situation. Data has been obtained for the figures of the cases
present at the end of four quarters of the year 2020. Further, raw data obtained has been
converted into meaningful information by applying statistical techniques like percentage, mean,
median and mode. Furthermore, in order to present the information into visually understandable
types, it has been converted into graphical format to present the analysed data.
Raw data Presentation
World Health Organisation (WHO) is responsibly monitoring the situation and to tackle the
information in an organised manner, it divided the world in six regions - America, Europe,
South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Africa and Western Pacific (WHO Coronavirus
(COVID-19) Dashboard, 2021). For this assessment, data has been obtained for the figures of the
cases present at the end of four quarters of the year 2020.
In the above table, figures of the six regions at the last date of end of four quarters has been
demonstrated above. It can be seen that America registers the most number of cases while
western pacific has registered least number of cases.
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Statistical techniques
Statistical techniques are those of statistics which are applied on raw data to present them into a
meaningful information. Below mentioned is application of statistical techniques on the COVID-
19 data:
A. Mean
Mean refers to the average of a data expression. For calculating the mean of data expression, sum
total of data expression is obtained and is then divided by the count of numbers in the expression.
In the data-set used, world has been divided into six regions which means count of numbers
comes down to 6. Below mentioned is mean calculation for the data set:
Mean (M) = Sum of the terms (∑X) / number of terms (N)
B. Median
Median is used to find out middle value of the series. In order to find median, a data set has to be
first arranged in either ascending or descending order. Then, for odd-numbered series, ((N+1) /
2)th observation is taken as median and for even numbered series, median is the value of ((N/2) +
(N/2 + 1) / 2)th observation. Below mentioned is the median calculation for the above data set:
N = 6
Regions 31/03/20
Africa 3372
South-East Asia 4529
Western Pacific 8772
Eastern Mediterranean 27170
America 194925
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