Analysis of Online Shopping and Web Development

The provided document is a detailed analysis of online shopping and web development, focusing on the advantages of online order processing. It discusses the impact of information overload on trust and purchase intention in both mobile and web-based systems. The assignment also examines the influence of social features on user preferences in social commerce websites. It provides an overview of various studies and research papers related to online shopping and web development, including the importance of plant functional traits in agroecosystems and the relationship between shifts in food system dynamics and acceleration of the global nutrition transition.

Design and Develop an Online Web Based System
for Coffee Ordering

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE:.............................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................1
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................1
2.2 Similar type of system used by other companies...................................................................2
2.3 Advantages of online order system........................................................................................4
2.4 Different technologies, design tools, platforms and languages.............................................5
2.5 Wireframe and flowchart by designing website using tools..................................................6
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................7
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

TITLE:
Design and develop an online web based system for coffee ordering
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
The digitalisation era has transformed way of doing business. it has highly impacted on
its operation either in negative or positive way. It has revolutionized fast food sector. The
companies engaged in it are using different types of tools and equipment’s to ease process of
operations. Now, they are emphasising on developing a system through which customers can be
directly approached. According to Sahani and et.al. 2015, in present time many quick service
restaurants have focused on quick delivery of food items to customers. This is done to gain
satisfaction and retain them. Moreover, the emergence of online order system has made it easy
for people as well as restaurant to process food. It has modernised way of approaching to
customer and providing them home delivery. the system has simplified order processing for
customer and QSR. Furthermore, with technological development it has provided options for
restaurants to develop their own website or App. This has been beneficial in reducing waiting
time and offering high quality services to them. in similar way, online system has removed
barriers that occurred in approaching restaurant. However, many big organisations have started
using system. It has impacted positively on their operations. besides this, people are now able to
view all food items list on app. It has become an integral part of QSR to have online order
system. This is done to cope up with technological advancement and sustain for long term in
industry.
Online ordering system could be defined to as simple and most convenient way for
customers to purchase food without having to go to restaurant. This is very much convenient
manner in which anyone could be able to have their food at any time without even going to
restaurant (Bilgihan, 2016). This will be working in very simple manner like ordering food from
online application or website, making payment, placing the order and then taking delivery at
door step so that people could have it anywhere. It could be included that computers are the
fastest growing part of human life which is impacting the way they are working and operating
with use of advance technology. In this age where fast food and take away restaurants are very
much influenced with the latest technology and the owner are just focusing on quick preparation
and speedy delivery of orders. This particular part will be covering critical review of designing
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and developing online web based system for coffee ordering so that it could be helping
customers in quick and fast delivery of their orders. Literature review is that part of research
report which is explaining and critical evaluating whole topic which need to be study so that its
aim and objective could be fulfilled.
2.2 Similar type of system used by other companies
According to view of Coronel and Morris, (2016) it could be introduced that online
ordering system is very much in trend in this developing era. There are many technological
changes which are taking place and indulging companies into market and increasing customers
for company as well. There are number of chances which will providing company to grow within
market area through which they could be able to indulge with help of digital transformation as
well. The digital engagement as per the view of Furner and Zinko, (2017) will be most important
for companies which are including their customers to retain into company for longer duration of
time. There are many companies of world which are experiencing this digital transformation
based on online food ordering system which they are devising. This will be helping them in
strongly dealing with customers, increasing profits and lowering down the cost to company in
more effective manner.
Starbucks which is biggest coffeehouse chain of world is serving about whole world with
its delicious coffee and other fast foods are also using online delivery of its food. The company
introduced its online store that allowed customers to order online coffee, hot drinks, tea, hot
breakfast, bakery items and many more. It was the most regular used loyalty reward application
among all the other major restaurant chains which is result of digital engagement. Company is
allowing all customers to order their online food and pay for the order and then waiting for their
order to arrive. The digital engagement of company was paying immense number of dividends to
company it was included that sales of company grew with its impact. As per the view of Huang
and Benyoucef, (2015) there are many reasons as to why Starbucks application is so much
popular among all customers and why company is marking its success with the use of this app.
The main reason behind it is app of Starbuck is providing complete user friendly mobile
experience for customers of company. The company is providing all its user with personalised
experience which is including the food and beverages offer into content that is highly relevant to
customer.
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There could be noticed that within the last 2 years’ company is able to personalise all its
elements which is allowing their mobile application in reviewing the favourite order of
customers and then suggesting them to get new one. According to view of Martin and Isaac,
(2015) it could be explained that their application is having geo-location feature under which all
users could be able to see the nearest Starbuck store and then looking at menu they could easily
reach out to places. It is also explained further that there is also one reward system that is
provided by application which will be having one challenge and then enabling user to earn
additional stars.
In the view of Perry, (2015) there is also another fact that Starbuck is able to provide their
online ordering and then making easy payment for all its user. It was in 2015 when the company
launched its online ordering application that became standard for other companies as well. While
on the other hand it was noted that there were some of the major issues which raised soon after
the growth of mobile order and pay. As the customers at time of picking up their coffee and food
complained about standing in long queue even after making and paying their order. This was
regarded that why they are waiting for so much longer time even after they have made their
complete payment and ordered as well as there was no point in that. Then Starbuck responded in
way of adding up more dedicated and exclusive stations in way of mobile order and customers
who are having existing in-store register. This was positive impact of all those complain which
were made from customers so that Starbuck could be able to maintain them for longer duration
of time.
Other than this it could also be given the example of Costa Coffee which is another
global coffeehouse chain company offering online food and coffee as well. As per the view
Ringert, Rumpe and Wortmann, (2014) it could be explained that Costa Coffee is offering
customers with best kind of coffee which they could order through online application. It could be
analysed that Costa Coffee is attracting about 4 million customer from across the world on
weekly bases as per the data of 2012.
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Figure 1: Online ordering system
2.3 Advantages of online order system
In view of Hostler and et.al. 2017, food ordering system helps customers to enjoy food
without visiting restaurant. It has provided a platform for people who are not having time to go
outside and eat. This has also improved their lifestyle. There are numerous advantages of using
online order system. It not only eased speed of operations but also reduced cost of preparing or
processing orders. The major benefit is has given is orders can be taken from anywhere, anytime.
This allow people to order food whenever they want (Online order processing advantage, 2016).
It displays list of all food items offered by restaurant. This helps in providing choice to select
item to fulfil their need. Moreover, menu is shown in segregated way. It is divided into different
categories which makes it easy for customer to view and order. So, if business is required to
make changes, it can be easily done within short time. This has saved their cost of updating
menu and printing it again and again.
According to Lucan and et.al, (2015) another advantage it has given is with reduction in
cost, return on investment has increased. By making order processing easier it has speed up
process of preparing and delivering. Consequently, restaurant staff does not have to wait for
taking order from customer on paper. Hence, this activity has been eliminated. Apart from it,
staff do not have to answer unnecessary phone calls. Now, they are engaged in performing other
task in effective way. thus, it has enhanced productivity of food operations. Restaurant are able
to take more orders and deliver it within time. Due to this they are able to retain their customers
and generate more profits. Additionally, online order system can be used in advertising as well.
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The restaurant can promote it via offers, discounts, etc. It has enabled in attracting more
customers. Also, by using it companies are interacting with customers frequently. They send
them e mails regarding any new recipe, offer, etc. It has resulted in developing loyal customer
base. Therefore, these all benefits have been useful for QSR to increase their productivity. They
are able to grow and enter in new market. besides this, company can easily collect sales report of
each month. It gives an overview about how much sales have increased so that goals and
objectives can be developed accordingly in future.
2.4 Different technologies, design tools, platforms and languages
In today’s modern era, frequent technological development has led to rise in number of
software and applications. They are highly being used by businesses in running of their
operations. The use of technology has eased process of different business functions. For each
function there is platform available to design software. Hence, it has given tool to fast food
brands to design system with regard to their needs. Also, integration of technology with business
has boosted its productivity. It has enabled in doing task in systematic way and with more
flexibility. As elucidated by Timon and et.al. 2015, the software’s are designed by using various
programming languages such as Java, Python, etc. these languages have made it easy for develop
flexible software and make changes in it. this is done by testing them and finding out
deficiencies. Apart from this, there are vast number of designing tools that are available for free.
Moreover, it has been easy for organisation to identify their needs and implement online system.
Furthermore, for restaurant it is necessary to reduce waiting time so that customer satisfaction
can be gained. This will help in quick processing of orders and delivering in less time.
In a study conducted by D'Andrea and et.al. 2018 the use of technologies and tools
depend on requirement of business. in order to design website and develop database there are
different types of tools available such as Adobe Photoshop, Wireframe, Brackets, etc. by using
these tools it becomes easy to get an overview about overall website. Also, each webpage can be
viewed and flow of data can be analysed. In addition to it, each tool is having different and
unique features that can be utilised accordingly. Therefore, QSR must analyse it features so that
website can be developed.
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2.5 Wireframe and flowchart by designing website using tools
Figure 2: Data flow diagram
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In order to design database and website it is necessary for researcher to collect some data
and information to support in completion of project. this gives an overview about how data has
been collected and what methods were used for it (Popkin, 2017). furthermore, it becomes easy
to conduct research in systematic way. Research methodology means framework which is used
to develop roadmap showing how data will be collected. Also, user can identify types of methods
used. For present study, methods described are as follows :-
Research Philosophy- Here, an overall overview about research is explained and sources
from data is gathered is shown. It makes it easy for user to understand on what philosophy data is
based. Also, it encompasses ways of analysing research information which is final part of study
that helps in determining outcomes on which research question and objectives are evaluated and
addressed. The approach of incorporating research philosophy is deriving best and specified way
of collecting and analysing information. A research philosophy is of different types that are
realism, interpretivism, etc. Every philosophical tool offers different way of procedure for
gathering and analysing study. realism is related to assumptions. Positivism is based on aim and
derive relationship with properties (Bilgihan, 2016). While interpretivism focuses on topic and
data is gathered from small population. In present positivism philosophy has been used.
Research Approach – Here, it is shown that how data has been collected and analyzed.
It assists researcher to proceed in systematic way and attaining aims and objectives. It enables
systemic path and procedure to conduct research in simplified and approachable way. The
approach derives flexibility of data collection and analysis with regard to chosen research
process. Deductive, inductive and abductive are three common approaches followed. In
inductive hypothesis is used to generate theories. Deductive is based on validating assumptions.
On other hand, in abductive facts and figures are evolved regardless of any hypothesis. Here,
researcher have used abductive approach. This has been useful in gathering some facts about
online coffee order system and how it has benefited coffee shops.
Research design – It contains a plan in which procedure is described about how data is
collected and analysed. this gives brief description about methods which is used by researcher.
this helps in maintaining quality of data and outcomes as well. It can be done by using two
design such as exploratory and conclusive. Exploratory refers to researching in wide areas to
gain more knowledge and information. This makes it easy to analyse topic in more depth.
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Whereas conclusive means to provide conclusion for topic. It only aims at giving answer to
question. This is further categorised into two casual and descriptive. For current study, researcher
has applied descriptive design. it has benefited in finding more about online coffee order system.
Research strategy- it shows the technique through which data is derived and analysed.
Also, it manages overall research process. qualitative and quantitative strategies are used to
gather data Coronel and Morris, (2016) . In qualitative only theoretical information is collected
and no facts and figures are represented as evidence. The researcher must critically analyse
information and evaluate it. Moreover, it helps to find out clear meaning of topic by exploring it
deep with available literature and techniques. On contrary in quantitative study, facts and figures
are interpreted to obtain precise data. also, relationship is developed between two variables. The
present research is based on both strategies. Researcher is able to evaluate knowledge about
online order system. Then, quantitative method is applied to relate facts and figures with online
system.
Data analysis- this method is very important in research as it helps in analysing data to
obtain desired results. It is important for researcher to use proper technique or tools to interpret
data so that aims and objectives are accomplished. Also, overall outcomes are based on how data
is analysed. There are different types of tools and techniques available for interpreting data.
Also, selection of tool depends on type of information selected. The researcher must have
knowledge about various tools and it features Furner and Zinko, (2017). Here, researcher has
used PHPmy admin to analyse data. it has been used to develop database. this tool is used
because database can be easily designed and is simple to work upon it.
Sampling - it is method which is used by researcher to select sample size. This is done by
dividing population into different categories. It helps in targeting appropriate people on which
research can be conducted. Generally, only common methods are used in it that is probability
and non probability. The researcher will use stratified sampling method to select sample size.
This will be useful in categorising population and gathering data.
Data collection – It refers to gathering of data to from different sources to attain aims
and objectives. It is a process in to examine sources and collect appropriate data related to study.
The information gathered must be accurate and precise. Basically, there are only two methods
used in data collection that are primary and secondary. in primary fresh data is gathered from
questionnaire, survey, etc. whereas in secondary information is taken from previous research
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articles, journals, etc. in present study, primary data is collected by doing survey. this is done by
using survey monkey software. It is an online application which consist of questionnaire and was
distributed to many people.
Ethics – It means to follow some rules and regulations while conducting research
(Popkin 2017). This is because it ensures that study is conducted in ethical manner. Here,
researcher has taken consent of people who are involved in this. Also, dignity of people has been
maintained and each one is treated respectfully. The results and data have been saved in database
and is not shared with third party. Moreover, while gathering data, people were allowed to skip
questions if they do not want to answer so that their views and opinions can be openly taken.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bilgihan, A., 2016. Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: An integrated model of trust,
user experience and branding. Computers in Human Behavior. 61. pp.103-113.
Coronel, C. and Morris, S., 2016. Database systems: design, implementation, & management.
Cengage Learning.
D'Andrea, E. and et.al. 2018, June. Smart Profiling of City Areas Based on Web Data. In 2018
IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP) (pp. 226-233).
IEEE.
Furner, C.P. and Zinko, R.A., 2017. The influence of information overload on the development
of trust and purchase intention based on online product reviews in a mobile vs. web
environment: an empirical investigation. Electronic Markets. 27(3). pp.211-224.
Hostler, J.M. and et.al. 2017. A mobile, web‐based system can improve positive airway pressure
adherence. Journal of sleep research. 26(2). pp.139-146.
Huang, Z. and Benyoucef, M., 2015. User preferences of social features on social commerce
websites: An empirical study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 95. pp.57-
72.
Lucan, S.C. and et.al. 2015 and Community Health. American journal of preventive medicine.
Martin, A.R. and Isaac, M.E., 2015. Plant functional traits in agroecosystems: a blueprint for
research. Journal of Applied Ecology. 52(6). pp.1425-1435.
Perry, B., 2015. Gamifying French Language Learning: a case study examining a quest-based,
augmented reality mobile learning-tool.
Popkin, B.M., 2017. Relationship between shifts in food system dynamics and acceleration of the
global nutrition transition. Nutrition reviews. 75(2). pp.73-82.
Ringert, J.O., Rumpe, B. and Wortmann, A., 2014. A Case Study on Model-Based Development
of Robotic Systems using MontiArc with Embedded Automata. arXiv preprint
arXiv:1408.5692.
Sahani, M. and et.al. 2015, March. Web-based online embedded door access control and home
security system based on face recognition. In 2015 International Conference on
Circuits, Power and Computing Technologies [ICCPCT-2015] (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Timon, C.M. and et.al. 2015. The validation of a computer-based food record for older adults:
the Novel Assessment of Nutrition and Ageing (NANA) method. British Journal of
Nutrition. 113(4). pp.654-664.
Online
Online order processing advantage. 2016. [online] Available through : <
http://www.nibblematrix.com/online-ordering-system-advantages/ >
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