Detection of Primary Hepatic Malignancy

Running head: DETECTION OF PRIMARY HEPATIC MALIGNACY
Study Developing Detection of Primary Hepatic Malignancy in Liver Transplant Patient:
Prospective Comparison of CT, MR Imaging, Ultrasound and PET
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1DETECTION OF PRIMARY HEPATIC MALIGNACY
Abstract
It is considered important to undergo screening for the patients having Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(HCC) likely to undergo liver transplant. The significance of the current research is to offer
useful implications to the medical practitioners regarding the most effective technique used in
determining the HCC presence in the patients that are considered to undergo a liver transplant
process. In analysing the effectiveness of CT, MR Imaging, Ultrasound and PET for successful
detection of HCC among the liver transplant patients, 25 patients will be selected in the survey
that will undergo such tests and 2 radiologists.The data will be analysed on a patient-by-patient
basis with marginal homogeneity along with ratio tests on effect likelihood. The results of the
study is also estimated to suggest that the patients having weak hepatic function, FDG PET is of
very less clinical value for the detection of HCC. In addition, FDG uptake degree in HCCs is
indicated to be associated with tumour grade.

2DETECTION OF PRIMARY HEPATIC MALIGNACY
Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................3
1.1. Background and Literature Review......................................................................................3
1.2. Significance of Proposed Research......................................................................................4
1.3. Purposes................................................................................................................................5
1.4. Research Aim, Questions and Objectives.............................................................................6
2. Research Methods and Designs...................................................................................................7
2.1. Research Design...................................................................................................................7
2.2. Sampling and Sample Size...................................................................................................8
2.3. Preparatory Methods.............................................................................................................9
2.4. Data Collection Method........................................................................................................9
2.5. Data Analysis Method........................................................................................................10
2.6. Ethical Considerations........................................................................................................12
7. Time Schedule and Budget........................................................................................................12
8. Outcomes...................................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................16

3DETECTION OF PRIMARY HEPATIC MALIGNACY
1. Introduction
1.1. Background and Literature Review
The importance of orthotic transplantation of liver in successfully rating the patents
dealing ith end stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) have been researched by numerous
previous reasechers. It was reported that long-term survival can be attained through successful
liver transplantation among these patients that are observed to have solitary 5cm or smaller
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) or have tumor nodules smaller than 3cm in diameter. In
addition, patients having cholangio carcinoma (CCA) that has already undergone liver
transplantation was observed to face a poor outcome due to tumor recurrence. For this reason, it
is considered important to undergo screening for the patients having Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(HCC) likely to undergo liver transplant. This can facilitate in determining the eligibility for such
transplant particularly in consideration to shortage of donor livers.
Previous researches carried out by 1indicated regarding accuracy of certain individual or
combination of tests in successful diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). These
researches have also revealed that tests including CT and MR imaging served as most effective
tools in HCC detection. However, later studies such as indicated poorer results specifically when
large population size was examined. This research also considered carrying out comparative
1 Castilla-Lièvre, M, D Franco, P Gervais, B Kuhnast, H Agostini, & L Marthey et al.,
"Diagnostic value of combining 11C-choline and 18F-FDG PET/CT in hepatocellular
carcinoma.". in European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 43, 2015, 852-
859.