Developing Critical Thinking

This essay discusses the differences between beliefs, attitudes, and values, their impact on behavior, management theories, and the effect of beliefs, attitudes, and values on management theories.

Running head: DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 1
Developing Critical Thinking
Student’s name
Professor’s name
Institutional Affiliation
Date

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 2
Developing Critical Thinking
Introduction
Human beings have their own beliefs, attitudes, and values that have been established throughout
their lives (Popil, 2011). These values, ideas, and opinions are developed from the experiences
acquired from friends, community, and families. All these experiences take part in their sense
and how they see the world today. As leaders in various organizations, we work with individuals
who might have lived a lifestyle that is vulnerable and such people may view others as
unacceptable. As a manager in any given organization, it's your responsibility to offer a service
that will empower other employees and make them feel accepted (Kong, 2014). This essay is
meant to discuss the differences between beliefs, attitudes and values, their impact on our
behavior, management theories, the effect of beliefs, attitude and values on management theories
and lastly evaluate an individual with different values, ideas, and values.
The difference between beliefs, attitudes, and values
Human beings utilize both techniques in guiding their behaviors and actions and forming an
attitude toward various things. However, the beliefs, values, and attitudes are substantially
different. According to (Kek & Huijser, 2011) beliefs are our sound judgment that are commonly
termed as being honest with no evidence or proof. Beliefs are always can also linked to religion.
These are assumptions on the way human beings view the world, and this forms the foundation
of their values. Our values are narrowed to the things that we consider critical and can include
things like efforts, equality, honesty, faithfulness and conserving the environment. Thus, one's
belief develop from what he or she can see, touch, read, think and hear about; hence from such
things, we grow holding to be unmovable and true. Out of the beliefs, we then develop our

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 3
values which could be incorrect or correct when the evidence is made available (Flores, Matkin,
Burbach, Quinn & Harding, 2012).
Values form the basis of our motivation and behavior. They can be described as hierarchical,
dynamic and abstract approaches that define our desires and achievements. We can stand for our
values like faithfulness, charity, loyalty among others. When we stand for our values, it means
they are something worthy or inspiring to our life. When we describe values as abstract, it is
having the right decision but could be different from what other individuals have. Values are
used in evaluating the standards for decision making in an ideal environment. They are full
criteria in fact that they are above persons and organizations. In a properly structured institution,
values are instrumental in policy making. This is because values stand for our desires, goals, and
aims. Beliefs are just judgments that link values to our own experiences. Beliefs provide the
meaning of our experiences and context for individual value (Arslan,2012).
Attitude is a mental deposition which human being may possess towards the other. It helps us to
think about appropriately while making decisions. The attitude that we feel the dominant forms
of our values. Attitude has both negative and positive components, and when one holds an
attitude, he or she will behave a given way towards an object or individual. Attitude will dictate
the way a person acts towards a specific circumstance. Concerning (Matteson, Anderson &
Boyden, 2016), particular attitudes convey the use of precise language to convince a particular
group to agree with your ideas. This is something managers and various leaders in an
organization should be aware of when listening to ideas or decisions from different employees.
It's better to practice thinking about your belief and attitude since it plays a crucial role in
accurately understanding oneself.

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 4
The impact of beliefs, attitudes, and values on your behavior
As a planner or manager in the particular organization, I should be able to understand the
systematic disparity in values, beliefs, and values in various stakeholders to develop an
alternative way of dealing with them. These groups include those that are not familiar with
Values, beliefs, and values since they form and shape the cultures of that institution. Agbenyega
(2011) defines culture concerning shared beliefs, attitude, and values possessed by various
stakeholders on the way they view the real world.
Therefore, the concept of attitudes is among the many pervasive subjects within the social
psychology field as well as in management. Temel (2014) claims that attitude help in describing
the views of various people and predicting the behavior of persons. One of the key assumptions
is that the relationship between behavior and attitude is consistency. Hence, the expression of an
individual is consistent with the kind of attitude he or she holds. The first fundamental aspect of
flexibility is that various decision made by human beings that attempts to act rationally every
time. The level in which an attitude is held by a person can be a good reason in predicting the
behavior in him or her. This is because when an attitude is so healthy is likely to impact the
behavior of a person (Root & Ngampornchai, 2013).
The belief, on the other hand, impacts the perception of an individual's self-worth. Thus, the
belief, in this case, it helps in deciding whether a person will carry out a specific task or
completely withdraw. Avoiding certain responsibilities are driven by a fear which is as a result of
one does not believe him or herself. Belief, especially in areas of competency, determines the
level of a person's motivated character. It also includes the capability of achieving certain
outcomes like installing software in a computer (Saiz & Rivas, 2011).

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 5
Values impact the degree in which an individual interacts with other people concerning their
social, moral and cultural behaviors. This is because values have a significant impact on how a
person thinks. Values influence the technique in which a person solves the problem that emerges
in the workplace. For example, if a person is honest, he or she will never give a bribe to be
offered a promotion. Since the values impact the behavior of an individual, a negative value will
yield an adverse reaction. According to (Muis & Duffy, 2013) increasing unethical practices in a
given business is characterized to certain change of a value. Therefore, this a good indication of
how values are fundamental to one's behavior at the workplace. According to health
practitioners, the value of an individual induces the challenges he or she faces. However, when
values are adequately aligned to the values of a business organization, it enhances the
commitment of employees.
The management theories relevant to your role
The management theories in this part will focus on the role of managers. The purpose of a
manager is critical in an organization whether it's in decision making, allocating the duties or
motivating the workers. Hence, the theories in management were established as a measure of
standards in business activities (Wagner, Alves & Raposo, 2011).
Behavioral management theory is the first concept that is critical to managers. The approach is as
well-known as human relation movement since its primary focus is on the aspect of the human
being towards the work. Röglinger, Pöppelbuß & Becker, (2012) beliefs that were understanding
the behaviors of human beings like the prospects and rivalry will help in increasing productivity
at the workplace. The theory also helps in seeing the workers as liabilities, resources, and
individuals that call for proper care.

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 6
The next theory is scientific management theory which was developed by Elton Mayo the
Harvard professor in the year 1920s. Elton Mayo developed the theory after several observations
like how human being interacted, the relationships that existed among people through carrying
out various experiments. The main focus of these experiments was based on the impact observed
with different working environments. His research was able to prove that meeting the social
necessities of workers improved the level of productivity. He later concluded that scientific
management theory helped the managers to view themselves as masters in various duties. As a
manager, this theory allows expressing my affection and caring for the needs of the workers and
good health depending on their commitments (Pierce & Aguinis, 2013).
The last theory in this section is the organizational theory developed by Henri Fayol. The
administrative theory focuses on individual roles in management, and he believed that
administration was established under five principles. For instance, planning and forecasting,
organizing, coordinating, controlling and commanding. The five principles are being practiced
by many managers today and give managers proper authority and responsibilities when manning
employees in their respective organization (Al Ariss, Cascio & Paauwe, 2014).
The impact of own beliefs, attitudes and values on behavioral management theory on your
role.
Behavioral management theory offers a basic conceptual structure for comprehending the link
among the values, attitude, and beliefs. For instance, values are used in discussing an individual's
behaviors in different perspectives. One of the angles is when as a manager have to address the
response of clients and economics (Lockwood, Davidson, Curtis, Stratford & Griffith, 2010). In
this case, if more money is spent on improving the value of services and commodities, there is a
high expectation return from that commodity or service. The next perspective is when the value

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 7
is used as a guiding principle where many business researchers believe that these fundamental
assumptions grow slowly in a person's psychological and social development. Thus, being a
manager, these values will play a key role in influencing my behavior on how I make my
decision towards a certain issue.
The behavioral management theory is linked to the attitude since a positive attitude will always
result in ethical behavior. A manager who has created a right attitude towards an organization
will always ensure he or she relates to the employees' inappropriate way. In institutions where
the employees and the managers trust each other, there is high productivity. The management
that tends to overwork their workers with no incentives, a negative attitude is developed which
create issues with effectiveness and performance (Wu & Pagell, 2011).
Evaluating how someone with different beliefs, attitudes, and values might interpret the
theory differently
Assess the way other individuals view the attitudes, values, and beliefs changes our
interpretation and how we perceive arguments. Liaw, Hatala & Huang (2010) beliefs allow us to
understand the motives of human beings which enhances us to reach to final consequences of
their behaviors. This different view of behavior interprets the behavioral theory on how people
link the performance of a particular behavior with a given result. For instance, a manager for a
specific organization may make the right decision after making the wrong decision in the past.
That means the behavioral management theory, in this case, correlate with outcomes and the
results if individuals can believe that a particular behavior can lead to a favorable or unfavorable
outcome (Van & Sweller, 2010).
The second thing is a value which some individuals believe is a principle or quality given high
respect by a certain group. Such a person is guided in the way to live through the decision he/ she

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 8
makes. These are the people who, therefore, interprets behavioral management theory as a belief
linked to the worthiness of choice (Lukka & Modell 2010).
Lastly, attitude is understood by various people as a belief towards something. Grunig (2017)
values are individual's rights presented as universal behaviors although they are not followed by
all people. This view of values impacts the practices of managers' attitudes on the way they
perceive leadership theory. These managers base their argument concerning the leading theory
on ideas, actions, and judgments implemented by their senior leaders. Hence, becoming very
hard for such managers to influence the productivity of the subordinates within an organization.
Conclusion
Making the employees to realize their own beliefs, values, and attitudes will help them to cope
with the professional values expected by an organization thus imposing their own decisions to
customers. That means having a good knowledge of Values, beliefs and values forms is crucial
to understand an individual's orientation towards an organization.

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING 9
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