Developing Personal and Management Skills

This assignment focuses on reflecting on own management and leadership skills, transferable skills using relevant theory and applying them to an organization. It discusses the importance of skills such as communication, time management, motivation, problem-solving, presentation, delegation, and decision-making. It also includes a SWOT analysis and a professional development plan. The assignment further explores the concept of transferable skills and their application in the context of Marriott International.

Developing Personal
and Management Skills

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...........................................................................................................................................3
Reflect on own management and leadership skills..............................................................................3
Transferable skills using relevant theory and apply them to organisation...........................................7
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Skills are the ability for carrying out task with determined results often in given time period,
energy or both (Khamaksorn, A., 2016). In addition to this, skills are classified within domain-general
and domain-specific skills. Moreover, in domain of work general skills involve time management,
leadership, teamwork, self-motivation and many more. On the other hand, domain-specific skills will
utilise only for certain job. Skills generally need certain environmental stimuli as well as situation for
assessing level of skills being shown and used. This assignment will going to conduct own
management and leadership skills reflection. By using SWOT analysis, self skill audit and
professional development plan will also design in this reflection. Apart from this second section will
discuss transferable skills which needed within organisation for conducting daily basis operations in
appropriate manner. These will discuss with the assistance of relevant framework in relation of each
skills.
MAIN BODY
Reflect on own management and leadership skills
Management – It is essential for an business firm in managing their day to day activities within
effective manner. Management is the procedure of planning, decision making, organizing, leading,
controlling and motivation human resource, physical, financial and information resources of company
for reaching goals within efficient as well as effective manner. In simple term it can be said that,
management is act of maintaining and creating business environment in which member of company
can work together and accomplish goals in appropriate manner (Fathizargaran and Cranefield, 2017).
Moreover, management is concerned with optimally using 5Ms i.e., machine, men, material, methods
and money. Proper coordination of all 5Ms helps in accomplishing desired outcomes in effective
manner.
Leadership – It is art of motivating individual or group of people to achieve common goals.
Within an organisation, leadership simply means directing employees as well as colleagues with
specific strategy to meet requirement of business firm. Leadership is the potential to influence
behaviour of others. It is also defined as the capacity to influence a group towards the realization of a
goal. Leaders are required to develop future visions, and to motivate the organizational members to
want to achieve the visions. In simple term it can be said that, leadership have positive impact on both
organisation as well as the employees who are working in it.

Skills audit – It is key piece of information which individual needs to know what skills as well as
knowledge they have. There are several reasons that information gain through skill audit is important
such as whether individual will able to meet their goals. Along with this, it also help in analysing that
which area particular person need to develop. So that, they can also work on it in effective manner and
achieve goals of life.
Skills Descriptions Skill level
Low High
Specific Comments
Communication
skills
Required for sharing
important information and
data.
1 2 3 4 5 A communication skill
is necessary for
convincing customers
and sharing
information with
employees.
Time
management
skills
For managing day to day
activities.
1 2 3 4 5 Important for managing
daily basis activities.
Motivation skills Applying motivational
techniques; understanding
individual motives; making
tasks challenging;
encouraging creativity;
providing team support;
engendering trust and
openness.
1 2 3 4 5 For encouraging
employees to perform
in better manner.
Problem solving
skills
Resolving issues 1 2 3 4 5 For dealing with
situation in effective
manner.
Presentation skills For presenting information
and data
1 2 3 4 5 For representing
organisation in front of
investors and also for
discussing important
information.
Delegation skills For managing task or
project in proper manner
1 2 3 4 5 For allotting task to
employees within

company.
Decision making
skills
Ability to make decision 1 2 3 4 5 For taking major
decision in relation of
company
SWOT analysis – It is an framework which help in identifying strength, weakness, opportunity and
threats. Explanation of these are as follows :-
Strength
 Communication skill is my strength as with the assistance of this I am share my view point
with others.
 Motivation skill is my strength which help in working as leader within organisation. Because
with the assistance of respective skill I am able to motivate employees to perform their job
roles in appropriate manner.
 Problem solving skill is essential for working in an business firm because business
environment is dynamic in nature and several situation arise which create problem.
Weakness
 Decision making it is my weakness as I am not able to take decision. Because in company
there are several situation which require to take decision.
 My weakness is delegation skills which I also need to work on. So that, task will delegate to
employees in proper manner.
 Presentation skills are important for sharing information as well as also for representing
organisation in front of others. So it is important for me to develop my presentation skills.
 Time management skills is necessary for managing things in effective manner and also
required for completing task within required duration.
Opportunity
 My communication skill will bring several opportunities for me in future as i will able to work
as manager in company.
 Motivational skills bring opportunity for me as I will be able to work as leader in company.
Threats
 As I am not good in decision making skills which create threats for me while working as
leader and manager in company.
 Time management skill also create threat for me because I am not able to manage my daily
basis activities in effective manner.

Professional development Plan – PDP plans documents required skills, goals, competency
development and objectives which staff members need for accomplishing order to support
continuous improvement as well as career development. By manager of an organisation
professional development plan will design by the manager who are working closely with
employees for identify the necessary skills as well as resources for supporting employees career
goals and business needs. For developing weakness there is requirement of designing personal
development plan. Explanation of these are as follows :-
What are my
development
objectives?
What activities
do I need to
undertake to
achieve my
objectives?
What
support/resource
s do I need to
achieve my
objectives
Target date for
achieving my
objectives
Actual date of
achieving my
objectives
Decision Making While taking
participation in
day to day
activities of
organisation i
will able to
develop my
decision making
skills.
My seniors within
organisation which
support me in
enhancing
decision making
skills by allotting
different task on
daily basis.
3 months 1 month
Delegation skills I can learn
delegation skills
by managing
things in daily
life. Along with
this, through
allotting task to
my junior in
company I will
be able to
develop my
delegation skills.
Support of
manager will
required for
enhancing
delegation skills.
As they will ask
me to give work to
juniors for
managing assigned
task in effective
manner.
1 month 15 days
Presentation
Skills
By giving
presentations to
By watching
different videos I
1.5 months 25 days

my team
members related
to different task
or for sharing any
important
information I will
be able to
develop my
presentation
skills.
will be able to
develop my
presentation skills.
Along with this,
my manager will
provide me
assistance to give
presentations in
meeting and some
other activity
which build
confidence in me.
Time
management
Time play
important role in
life as by
managing task
allotted to me in
organisation and
accomplishing
them within
required duration
will provide
assistance in
developing time
management
skills. In addition
to this, by
managing my
daily life
activities also i
will be able to
develop my time
management
skills.
My superiors will
help me in
developing my
time management
skills by allocating
different task to
me which I have
to complete within
specific time
period.
3 months 30 days

Transferable skills using relevant theory and apply them to organisation
Transferable skills are also named as portable skills and these are qualities which can be
transferred from one job to another. Any skills individual possesses which are useful to employers
within several jobs and industries. These might involve adaptability, organisation, teamwork and
several other qualities which employers seek within strong candidates. For working in an organisation
there is requirement of so many skills because it will provide assistance in conducting daily operations
of company in effective manner. Section of refection is based on Marriot International which is an
American multinational diversified hospitality industry company. Respective hotel was founded in
1927 by J. Willard Marriott and Alice Marriott. They are serving at worldwide level and product
offering by them are hotels as well as resorts. They are part of service industry so for them satisfaction
of customers play important role. Guest will only get satisfy when employees serve them in better
manner for which there is requirement of several skills as well as knowledge. Explanation of these
skills are as follows :-
Supportive communication - Communication is the procedure through which information
can be exchanged within two or more than that person. it is needed as shared understanding of symbol
system like language as well as mathematics in simple term it can be said that communication is more
than word which go from one person mouth to another ear (Peach, 2017). In addition to this, within
communication procedure message are transferred through the tone and voice quality, eye contact,
visual cues, physical closeness as well as overall body language. When it comes to communication
skill it is the ability individual used while giving and receiving several type of information.
Furthermore, communication skills include listening, observing, speaking and emphasizing. It is
important for Marriott International to have supportive communication within employees as well as
each and every division. Because it will provide assistance in serving their customer’s within effective
manner and also in making them satisfy. There are different communication methods each and some
advantages as well as disadvantages explanation of these are as follows :-
 Verbal – It is type of oral communication in which message transmitted by speaking words.
Verbal communication is most effective approach which can be use for convey both negative
as well as positive message. But it may be problematic if sender communication skills are not
good or there may be any distraction like noise and location. Moreover, it is not authentic and
may not be appropriate for formal communication.
 Email – It is kind of written communication in which message shared in written form. Email is
most appropriate form of communication as it is quick, easy and cheap. In this message can be
personalised and sent to multiple recipients at single time. But Email generally not used for
conveying important as well as official information.

 Memo – It is one of the popular form of communication and most used mean of official
communication within business world. Memo is most cost effective way of mass
communication as well as its transmission is also very cheap.
 Letter – Communication which take place through letter is also written communication. It is
more formal way of communication and kept as record of event. But it is more time
consuming procedure.
Apart from these mention communication method there are some model of communication.
Explanation of these are as follows :-
Shannon’s Model – It is one of the earliest communication model utilise within organisation.
Shannon’s model was introduced in 1948 by Claude Shannon’s. Respective model state information
source to person who sends message by using transmitter. Here, transmitter can be any instrument
such as phone, computer and so on as well as signals sent and received depend on communication
method (Ritter and et. al., 2018). Moreover, box mention below called noise which refers to signals
which may interfere between the process when message carried. Receiver can be person or instrument
on the another side who wait for message.
Figure 1Shannon’s Model
(Source: communication Model, 2020)
Berlo’s Model – It is also one of the famous communication model and Berlo’s model stresses
relation within person who is sending message and receiver. As per respective model, message have to
be properly encoded as well as decoded and most important is that communication skills of source and
receiver have to be best. Respective model have four main components and every component have
own sub components.

Figure 2 Berlo’s Model
(Source: Communication Model, 2020)
Schramm’s Model – As per this model both senders as well the receiver play the role of
encodes as well as decode when it comes to communication. This model has been followed through
several other models such as 'Helical' model, Aristotle's models and several other models.
Figure 3Schramm’s Model
(Source: Communication Model, 2020)
From the above mention communication model, Marriott international can implement any of
the models as per their suitability. Thus, for them Shannon’s model will be more effective as it help
them in sharing information within more effective manner and also result in building relation with
each other.
Motivation – It is important factor that help in encouraging individual for giving their best
performance as well as assist in reaching goals of business firm. A strong positive motivation will

enable the increased output of employees but a negative motivation will reduce their performance. A
key element in personnel management is motivation. For working of Marriott International it is
essential to motivate their employees in appropriate because it will encourage them to give their best
and make customer satisfy (Lee and et. al., 2017). There are several ways through which manager of
respective hotel will motivate their staff members such as create friendly working environment,
acknowledge employees achievement, rewarding personnel, positive communication, encourage
friendly competition and many more. Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of need is the theoretical
framework which will provide better understanding in determining motivational framework within
effective manner.
Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of need – It is well known theory of motivation which
introduced by Abraham Maslow, who describe motivation through the fulfillment of necessities
organized in a various level request. As fulfilled needs don't inspire, the disappointment moves us
toward satisfaction. Needs are conditions inside the person that are fundamental and vital for the
support of life and the nurturance of development and prosperity. Craving and thirst represent two
organic needs that emerge from the body's necessity for nourishment and water. These are required
nutriments for the upkeep of life. Fitness and belongingness represent two mental needs that emerge
from the self's need for ecological dominance and warm relational connections. These are required
nutriments for development and prosperity (Field, 2019). Needs serve the life form, and they do as
such by:
 Producing needs, wants, and strivings that motivate whatever practices are vital for the support
of life and the advancement of development and prosperity.
 Producing a profound feeling of need fulfillment from doing as such.
Maslow's heritage is the request for needs advancing in the ever-expanding multifaceted
nature, beginning with fundamental physiological and mental needs and completion with the
requirement for self-realization (Kirsten, 2018). While fundamental needs are experienced as a feeling
of insufficiency, the higher needs are experienced more as far as the requirement for development and
satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
After going through entire discussion it has been summarise that, individual have several skills
as well as knowledge which help them in gaining better place within market area. Furthermore, for
analysing skills there is requirement of conducting Skills audit because it assist in determining that
which skills are strength and which are weakness. On the basis of this, SWOT analysis will be
conduct through which it has been analyse that how strength will help in gaining opportunity as well

as weakness will create threats. Thus, PDP plan will design which help in converting weakness into
strength and removing threats. Apart from this, transferable skills are also named as portable skills and
these are qualities which can be transferred from one job to another. Any skills individual possesses
which are useful to employers within several jobs and industries. These might involve adaptability,
organisation, teamwork and several other qualities which employers seek within strong candidates.
For working in an organisation there is requirement of so many skills because it will provide
assistance in conducting daily operations of company in effective manner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Khamaksorn, A., 2016. Project management knowledge and skills for the construction industry.
In Nternational Conference on Civil, Architecture and Sustainable Development (CASD-2016)
Dec. 1-2, 2016 London (UK) Project.
Núñez, M. T. D. V. and et. al., 2018. Developing management skills through experiential learning: the
effectiveness of outdoor training and mindfulness. European Journal of International
Management, 12(5-6), pp.676-694.
Fathizargaran, R. and Cranefield, J., 2017. Web 2.0 and Personal Knowledge Management: A
Framework of Skills for Effectiveness. In Social Knowledge Management in Action (pp. 101-
122). Springer, Cham.
Peach, K., 2017. Managing science: Developing your research, leadership and management skills.
Oxford University Press.
Ritter, B. A. and et. al., 2018. Designing management curriculum for workplace readiness:
Developing students’ soft skills. Journal of Management Education, 42(1), pp.80-103.
Lee, J. C .K. and et. al., 2017. Cultivating self-management and leadership skills among Hong Kong
students. Curriculum and Teaching, 32(1), pp.5-24.
Field, R., 2019. Teaching Resilience and Self-Management Skills: Fostering Student Psychological
Wellbeing for Future Employability. In Education for Employability (Volume 2) (pp. 237-246).
Brill Sense.
Kirsten, C. L., 2018. The role of financial management training in developing skills and financial self-
efficacy. The Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business
Management, 10(1), pp.1-8.
Liu, X. and Babchuk, W., 2018. Developing Classroom Management Skills in Non-Native Culture: A
Single Case Study. The Qualitative Report, 23(4), pp.779-800.
Welsh, D. H., Kaciak, E. and Minialai, C., 2017. The influence of perceived management skills and
perceived gender discrimination in launch decisions by women entrepreneurs. International
Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13(1), pp.1-33.
Online
Communication Model, 2020.[Online].Available through<
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/management_concepts/communication_models.htm>

APENDIX
Skill audit
Skills Descriptions Skill level
Low High
Specific Comments
Communication
skills
Required for sharing
important information and
data.
1 2 3 4 5 A communication skill
is necessary for
convincing customers
and sharing
information with
employees.
Time
management
skills
For managing day to day
activities.
1 2 3 4 5 Important for managing
daily basis activities.
Motivation skills Applying motivational
techniques; understanding
individual motives; making
tasks challenging;
encouraging creativity;
providing team support;
engendering trust and
openness.
1 2 3 4 5 For encouraging
employees to perform
in better manner.
Problem solving
skills
Resolving issues 1 2 3 4 5 For dealing with
situation in effective
manner.
Presentation skills For presenting information
and data
1 2 3 4 5 For representing
organisation in front of
investors and also for
discussing important
information.
Delegation skills For managing task or
project in proper manner
1 2 3 4 5 For allotting task to
employees within
company.
Decision making Ability to make decision 1 2 3 4 5 For taking major

skills decision in relation of
company
SWOT analysis
Strength Weakness
 Communication skill is my strength as
with the assistance of this I am share my
view point with others.
 Motivation skill is my strength which help
in working as leader within organisation.
Because with the assistance of respective
skill I am able to motivate employees to
perform their job roles in appropriate
manner.
 Problem solving skill is essential for
working in an business firm because
business environment is dynamic in nature
and several situation arise which create
problem.
 Decision making it is my weakness as I
am not able to take decision. Because in
company there are several situation which
require to take decision.
 My weakness is delegation skills which I
also need to work on. So that, task will
delegate to employees in proper manner.
 Presentation skills are important for
sharing information as well as also for
representing organisation in front of
others. So it is important for me to
develop my presentation skills.
 Time management skills is necessary for
managing things in effective manner and
also required for completing task within
required duration.
Opportunity Threats
 My communication skill will bring several
opportunities for me in future as i will
able to work as manager in company.
 Motivational skills bring opportunity for
me as I will be able to work as leader in
company.
 As I am not good in decision making
skills which create threats for me while
working as leader and manager in
company.
 Time management skill also create threat
for me because I am not able to manage
my daily basis activities in effective
manner.