Development Disorder

The report discusses Development Disorder, specifically Cleft Lip and Palate (Orofacial Cleft) disorder. It describes the symptoms, stages of development, aetiology, clinical considerations, and treatment options for this condition. The report highlights that cleft lip and palate is a congenital condition caused by failure of facial structure formation during fetal development, and its prevalence can be affected by factors such as genetic inheritance, maternal health, and environmental toxins. The article also emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and intervention, including surgery, feeding support, hearing monitoring, speech therapy, and good oral hygiene.

Running head: DEVELOPMENT DISORDER
Development Disorder
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

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DEVELOPMENT DISORDER
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Discussion........................................................................................................................................1
Description of the Disorder.........................................................................................................1
Stages of Development of the Disorder.......................................................................................2
Aetiology of Disorder..................................................................................................................2
Clinical Consideration of the Disorder........................................................................................3
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................4
References........................................................................................................................................5

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DEVELOPMENT DISORDER
Introduction
Development disorders are a type of childhood disorders that are present in the child
since their early age. It is something with which they are either born or they develop it at early
stages of their life. It disrupts the normal form of development in a child as the disorder acts as
an obstacle in their growth. The disorders are mainly of certain types and affects a single area of
development (Hopper, Cutting & Grayson, 2007). The report discusses about cleft lip and palate
disorders and its symptoms. Further it suggest the stages of development and clinical
considerations to be taken for this disorder.
Discussion
Description of the Disorder
Cleft lip and palate disorder is commonly seen among the child who are usually born
with such as disorder o starts developing it as they grow up. It is a condition that includes two
types of disorders such as cleft lip and cleft palate. Such kind of disorder is known as orofacial
cleft. It looks like an opening that is visible in the upper part of the lip or of the mouth or
sometimes both together. The gap in the upper part of the lips and mouth occurs when the face of
the child has not developed fully or failed to join, mostly in the womb. The disorder of this kind
is common nowadays are found during the birth of the baby. The babies that are born with such
disorders usually finds that cleft lip disorder has affected either one side of their lips or the cleft
may have formed on both sides of the lips. Cleft lip gap can sometimes also reach the nose of the
baby. This is the kind of cleft that is found in the lip of the babies (Hopper, Cutting & Grayson,
2007). However, cleft palate may be of two types, either in the back of the mouth there is a small
opening or the split may follow from the back to the front of the mouth. Thus, both the type of
the cleft are a gap that occurs in the mouth.

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DEVELOPMENT DISORDER
Stages of Development of the Disorder
There is a process through which the lip and the palate of the baby develops in the. When
the process goes correct the lips, palate and the mouth of the baby develops correctly. Any
abnormality or disturbance in the growth process leaves a cleft lip or palate in the mouth of the
baby (Cobourne, 2012). There are three areas from which the face of the baby is developed:
The first stage of formation of the lips and mouth is from the central nasal prominences.
This portion gives the formation of the forehead, nose and the middle portion of the upper lip.
The second stage of development takes place from the left and right prominences which
is known as the Maxillary prominences. This part of the face grows and forms the part of the
lower lip, jaw and lower face of the child.
Similar stages are followed for the formation of the palate of the face where the
prominences grow and become the front part of the palate. Other than this there are palatine
shelves which develops and forms ledges on both side of the mouth (Cobourne, 2012). With the
development of the fetus these ledges join and forms the back side of the mouth.
These are the stages that is followed by the disorder of cleft lip and palate, as the stages
are not completed properly. The joints in the ledges have not occurred and leaves a gap, which
forms a cleft palate. Similarly, the prominences does not reaches the upper lip which leaves a gap
forming cleft lips.
Aetiology of Disorder
The main cause behind the formation of cleft lips and palate is that failure of the structure
to form the upper lips and palate during the development stage of the baby in the womb.
However, there are other causes as well that lets to the formation of such disorder:

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 Genes of the child that is inherited from the parents or ancestors
 Smoking, drinking or consumption of any drugs during pregnancy
 Obesity caused to mother during pregnancy
 Lack of folic acid in the body of the pregnant woman
 Intake of steroids or any medication during pregnancy
These are the actions that causes the cleft disorder in the child while it is in the womb and the
mother is facing the above mentioned issues (Murray, 2002). It is seen that sometimes the cleft
lips and palate also causes more disorders in the child during birth such as deletion syndrome,
Pierre robin sequence and others.
Clinical Consideration of the Disorder
The clinical treatment of cleft lips and palate disorder is done in a NHS cleft centers. The
treatment and care time is mainly of longer duration in this disorder as the child needs to get
treated and diagnosed as they grow up (Mercado et al., 2011). There are five clinical
consideration that the parents have to take if their child is facing with such disorders:
Firstly is surgery that is carried out in 3 to 6 months for cleft lips and in 6-12 months for cleft
palate.
Second is feeding support in which the mother is guided to feed the baby in a certain position or
use certain specially-designed bottles.
Thirdly, monitoring hear as the babies with such disorder also has glue ears that affects their
hearing, thus, it is important to monitor the ears from time to time to get a hearing aid.
Fourthly, speech therapy to help the baby with cleft problem to monitor their language
development and help them speak properly.

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DEVELOPMENT DISORDER
Lastly, a good and healthy hygiene which requires to take care of the teeth of the child for
healthy care of the mouth.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that with a good treatment and care considerations stated above will
help the child with cleft lips and palate to lead a normal life like any other child. Moreover, the
mothers should keep in mind the causes of this disorder during pregnancy.

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References
Hopper, R. A., Cutting, C., & Grayson, B. (2007). Cleft lip and palate. Grabb and Smith’s Plastic
Surgery. 6th Edition. Philladelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 201.
Murray, J. C. (2002). Gene/environment causes of cleft lip and/or palate. Clinical genetics, 61(4),
248-256.
Mercado, A., Russell, K., Hathaway, R., Daskalogiannakis, J., Sadek, H., Long, R. E., ... &
Shaw, W. (2011). The Americleft study: an inter-center study of treatment outcomes for patients
with unilateral cleft lip and palate part 4. Nasolabial aesthetics. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial
Journal, 48(3), 259-264.
Cobourne, M. T. (Ed.). (2012). Cleft Lip and Palate. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers.