Diabetes Assessment and Management Plan

Assessment Task
- Written
1. Place the correct type of diabetes beside the anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology description.
 Type 1 diabetes
 Type 2 diabetes
 Pre diabetes
 Gestational diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes Causes insulin resistance
Placenta produces hormones that can block the action of insulin
Higher than normal blood glucose levels first appear during
pregnancy.
Type 1 diabetes. Pancreas is involved
Onset often abrupt
Pancreas does not produce insulin
Symptoms include excessive thirst and urination thirst and
Is not reversible
Pre diabetes. Pancreas is involved
Pancreas does not produce enough insulin
Pancreas progressively loses the capacity to produce insulin
Type 2 diabetes. Pancreas is involved
Blood glucose levels are higher than normal
Impaired fasting glucose
No signs or symptoms
Impaired glucose tolerance
2a. Below is a list of some of the potential conditions of diabetes that can impact on the care of a person
with diabetes– complete the table for the -:
 Common pathological indicators
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 Emergency nursing interventions you may assist with under the RNs guidance once the
condition has been established – this can include medications to be administered.
 (This means what you can do after you have done vitals, BGL, DRABCD)
Condition Most common pathological indicator
of the condition
Discuss 2 emergency nursing
interventions for each condition you
may assist with under the guidance of
an RN.
Your answer should be in-depth and
demonstrates specialised
understanding.
hypoglycaemia The pathological indicator of
hypoglycaemia is reduced levels of
glucose in blood.
The nurse should monitor glucose and
provide medical nutrition therapy.The
patient should feed on high level of
carbohydrates to match the insulin
regimen.This will prevent the cases of
hypoglycaemia.
hyperglycaemia Diabetes mellitus The nursing intervention is through
administration of insulin that breaks
down the excess glucose in
blood.Another nursing intervention is
education on regular exercise and
healthy lifestyle such as cessation of
smoking.
ketoacidosis The most common pathological
indicator of ketoacidosis is Diabetes
mellitus type 1
The nursing intervention involves
continuous monitoring whether the
patient is using injections or
subcutaneous infusion to assist in the
glycemic control.The nurse should
also educate on a healthy diet that is
high in carbohydrates and fibre.
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Hyperosmolar
Hyperglycaemic
Syndrome (HHS)
This is a complication of type 2
diabetes mellitus.
The nursing interventions in this case
involves assessing skin turgor,the
mucous membranes and thirst.This is
just to provide data for comparison.
Q2b. You have been asked to administer the following emergency medications for a patient who has been
brought into the emergency departments with ketoacidosis.
For each emergency medication in the table below, explain the following:
- The mode of action
- The route of administration
- The reason for its use in the treatment of Ketoacidosis
Emergency medication Action of medication and why it is used
0.9% NaCl solution 1 L/hr Sodium Chloride drug is usually introduced through the oral
route.Since it is basic,it works by neutralizing the excess
acids in the blood(Hahr & Molitch, 2015).Since ketoacidosis
is the elevated levels of acids in blood,Nacl is a base and
would therefore reduce the elevated acidic conditions by
neutarilization.
Insulin Infusion 0.1 U/kg/hr. Insulin is usually introduced to the body through the IV
route.It acts by breaking down the excess glucose in the
blood to form the less harmful glycogen as the end
product(Inzucchi et al., 2014).The insulin infusion is
therefore used to reduce the high level of blood glucose.
As A EN please explain your scope of practice in regards to IV medications? (Max 60 words)
As an enrolled nurse,the scope of practice in regards to IV medications include adhering to the rights of
drugs.This includes the right patient,the right dose,right time as well as the right route of administration
which is the Intraveneous route in this case.I also have to counter check the medicine before it is injected
to the patient.
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