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Diabetes Research and Prevention

   

Added on  2020-01-16

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Health and Care 1Health and CareStudent's Name: Instructor's Name:Date:
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Health and Care 2DIABETESDiabetes: A Public Health IssueWorld Health Organization (WHO) defines the term Diabetes mellitus as a metabolicdisorder which is a result of defect in insulin secretion or insulin action or both, characterizedby damage, dysfunction or failure of organs. The term Diabetes mellitus is coined from theGreek words meaning “a siphon of sweet”.Based on the aetiology, Diabetes can be classified into three types; namely, Type 1 diabeteswhich is characterized by an absence of insulin production, hence, also known as InsulinDependent Diabetes mellitus (IDDM), Type 2 diabetes is characterized by ineffectiveness ofthe produced insulin, hence, also known as Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes mellitus(NIDDM), and Gestational diabetes which is present by birth. Type 1 diabetes is particularlyfound mostly in adults whereas Type 2 is a result of physical inactivity and obesity (WHO,1997).Statistics from the Public Health England (PHE, 2015) has shown that in UK approximately3.8 million people (9% of the total adult population) suffer from diabetes. It has beenestimated that 90% of the affected are suffering from Type 2 Diabetes. The importance oflifestyle changes has to be estimated as Type 2 Diabetes is an aftermath of unhealthy habits,obesity etc. among the others. A recent survey has brought to light the fact that of thepopulation that is affected, nearly 1 million people are ignorant of their condition. Tacklingthe disorder is of prime importance to any society as each year £8.8 billion is spent indiabetes health services (New diabetes prevalence figures for England - Diabetes UK, 2017).A population suffering from diabetes can have far-reaching impacts on its economy. A personwho has diabetes exhibits more chances of developing depression, cardiovascular diseasesetc. among the others. Moreover, a disorder such as diabetes impacts an individual at various
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Health and Care 3levels.These disorders will in turn have a negative impact on a person’s income. For instance,in Ireland about 66% of men and 42% of women were found to be less likely to work (LSEDiabetes Report, 2012). Diabetes treatment is a costly affair and the burden of treatment andmanagement will invariably fall on families, leading them into poverty. Long-term therapybecomes an issue for the elderly and socially backward communities. The social and mentalimpact of the disorder can lead to poor quality of life for an individual. As for a nation, youngindividuals suffering from and dying due to such a disorder leads to economic implications.The poor health of the labour power causes loss of productivity (Tolet al., 2013). Although,Europe has the world’s leading healthcare it is difficult to gather data of management andcosts in many states. Approaches to address DiabetesThe European Union has put in place National Diabetes Plan whose main objectives are tounderstand prevention and treatment of diabetes in the population. These policies try to targetType 1, Type 2 and gestational diabetes. The whole plan is patient-centred, wherein thepatient is consulted to understand his/her need to develop a plan. These policies try to includea wide range of ethnicities, socio-economic groups in order to ensure impartial access to all.NDPs work towards prevention, care and education across countries. One of the key elementsof NDP is risk-profiling where they identify risk groups and provide them with care, nutritionand education to prevent the onset of the disease. The monitoring and evaluation of theimplemented policies is annually carried out in England, Netherlands and Slovakia amongother countries (National Diabetes Plans in Europe: Policy Brief - 2016). Clinical management strategiesare yet another strategy that involves evidence basedprobability of an individual to develop the disorder. For instance, a physician can predict thechances of an individual to develop diabetes by looking at the patients’ lifestyle and
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