Diabetic wound care in diabetic patients

Running head: DIABETIC WOUND CARE
Diabetic wound care
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Notes

DIABETIC WOUND CARE 1
Table of Contents
Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................2
Research Problems.......................................................................................................................2
Research Objectives.....................................................................................................................2
Methodology....................................................................................................................................2
Findings:..........................................................................................................................................2
Discussion:.......................................................................................................................................3
Conclusion:......................................................................................................................................3
References:.......................................................................................................................................4

DIABETIC WOUND CARE 2
Introduction:
It is said that nearly 15% of the diabetic patients have been suffering from diabetes suffer
from foot ulcer, which is mainly caused at the bottom of the foot (Banu, 2015). As the total
number of diabetes patients is increasing in all over the globe, the total number of cases within of
diabetic wounds is also increasing. Due to the high levels of blood glucose levels the wound
healing capability of the immune system is highly compromised. The entire process of wound
healing, which involve three steps are delayed due to high blood glucose level. Low level of
human growth hormone along with organs of rheumatoid arthritis is believed to be the major
causes of delay recovery (Wong et al. 2015).
As the level of blood glucose rises, it reduces the blood circulation flow within the body.
This prevents the blood to reach out to the area of wound, thereby delaying the overall process of
healing. The highest forms of infection can also cause gangrene. Currently, it has been identified
that biofilm formation in wound is one of the factor that increases treatment challenges and
morbidities in patient. The biofilm phenotypes found in different wounds gives rise to the
development of many multi-drug resistant bacteria which results in treatment failure. For this
reason, identifying the role of biofilm in wound healing is necessary to find out whether biofilm
screening should be made a regular procedure for treatment of diabetic foot ulcer or not. There is
also a need to find out the optimal techniques to identify and judge the effectiveness of different
molecular techniques to accurately visualize biofilms formation in diabetic foot wounds and
correlated their role in patient systems and recovery process.

DIABETIC WOUND CARE 3
Research Problems
The wounds that are caused due to diabetes can affect the neuropathy of the cells along
with that of the blood flow circulation. The higher level of the wounds can ultimately result in
permanent damage that may even include the loss of mobility and body parts. Hence, it is highly
necessary to identify the factors that are responsible for the lower levels of blood flow eventually
responsible for the infection. The substance of biofilm is considered to be one of the major
hindrances of the healing process for the diabetic patients. This biofilm substance is believed to
have caused the adverse effects of inflammatory response that ultimately hinders the response of
recovery. Hence, the substance of bio-film can be used as a major source of indicator to detect
the occurrence of foot ulcer.
Nevertheless, currently in the given context there is very less evidence to support the
elements of biofilm that are to be used for the indication of diabetic foot ulcer. The current issue
that is caused in the given context is due to the poor detection system of diabetic foot ulcer. This
is one of the major issues that are faced by millions of diabetic patients all across the globe. It is
therefore recommended that most of the patients, who are currently suffering from diabetes need
to get aware about the matters of wounds.
The current research work will therefore analyze the relevant secondary data that are
related to the investigation works of diabetic wounds. All the relevant journals related to the
investigation will be analyzed that will help to identify the loopholes within the existing process
of treatment will be analyzed. This will help the researchers to provide recommendations for
minimizing the risks that are involved in diabetic wounds.

DIABETIC WOUND CARE 4
Research Objectives
 To identify the cause of diabetic wound ulcers
 To identify the use of biofilm that is needed to detect and identify the foot ulcers for the
diabetic patients.
 To provide recommendations for proper treatment of biofilm for identification and
management of diabetic foot ulcers.
Methodology
Research methodology is the manner in which the researcher designs the approach of
research. For conducting this study, the researcher has employed numerous tools that have
facilitated the researcher to deduct his findings in suitable manner. The main research philosophy
chosen for this research is positivism research philosophy which has helped the researcher to
investigate the topic with logical flow of information and critical analysis of data (Parahoo et al.
2014). In the research approach, the researcher have utilised deductive reasoning via taking
generalised principle which is known to be true and then moving towards more specific
conclusion (Parahoo et al. 2014). In the research design, the researcher has chosen analytic or
descriptive approach in comparison to exploratory research designs as this helped the researcher
to go through numerous approaches in the descriptive and detailed manner (Parahoo et al. 2014).
The research strategy used is secondary research and broad keyword search of literary articles
are used as sampling method (Parahoo et al. 2014). The nature of data analysis that was
undertaken for this research was qualitative via thematic analysis of the secondary data
elucidated via literature search (Parahoo et al. 2014).

DIABETIC WOUND CARE 5
The main keywords which are used for the literature search include, diabetic wound AND
biofilm, diabetic wound care, diabetic wound ulcer. The main inclusion criteria that are used to
literature search was action on biofilm in diabetic wound and latest process cantered around
biofilm based diabetic wound care. The search year bracket included 2010 to 2018. The literary
articles which centres around normal diabetic wound care via management of the hyperglycemia
were excluded from the study as those were beyond the scope of the research questions.
According to Parahoo et al. (2014) detailed explanation of the inclusion and exclusion criteria of
the research helps in setting the direction of the research. Search of the literary articles via
application of the broad keywords was done from the electronic database including EMBL and
PubMed. Upon keyword search and given time frame, 50 articles were found relevant. Then
these articles were scrutinised on the basis of the tile and summary. According to Parahoo et al.
(2014) title of the research should be designed in such a way that it clearly states the aim of the
research and the prospective methodology that is required to be undertaken. The same logic is
application for abstract. Based on the criteria as mentioned as Parahoo et al. (2014) the 50
articles were scrutinised and out of them, 20 were found to be relevant. These 20 articles were
thoroughly read and out of them 10 articles were found best fitted for the study upon which the
systematic analysis of the data was erected.
Findings:
Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) and its relation to biofilm
Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) is a serious yet common complications associated with
diabetes that affects more than 15% of the diabetic patients causing >80,000 amputations per
year and this in turn results in high financial burden (Dinh et al. 2012). According to Noor,