Case Study of William: Effective Dietary Approaches, Exercise-based Rehabilitation, and Psychological Interventions for Heart Failure and Diabetes

Running head: CASE STUDY OF WILLIAM
CASE STUDY OF WILLIAM
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CASE STUDY OF WILLIAM
Butler, T., Georgousopoulou, E. N., & Mellor, D. (2018). Dietary approaches for patients
with heart failure and diabetes. Practical Diabetes, 35(4), 127-130a. https://doi-
org.libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/10.1002/pdi.2179
Study conducted by Butler, Georgousopoulou and Mellor (2018) had explained the
significance of effective dietary patterns in the lives of people suffering from heart disorders as
well as diabetes. The Mediterranean diet style is suggested by them to be the best dietary pattern
for individuals with heart disorders. DASH diet or the dietary pattern to stop hypertension can
help by prevention and effective management of hypertension and reduce the risk of heart
diseases. They have recommended that sodium restriction as well as fluid restriction in people
who have severe heart failure as these foods are related with failure in relieving symptoms. Low
carbohydrate diet has been also promoted by the researchers to be included in the dietary
patterns. Inclusion of dietary patterns signifying the use of dairy products like yogurt and cheese,
limiting processed meat with a shift towards white meat and fish are advised. Moreover,
moderate alcohol intake aligning with the governmental guidelines and ensuring physical activity
along with the following of diet can help affected individuals in managing their heart disorder
symptoms successfully.
Sagar, V. A., Davies, E. J., Briscoe, S., Coates, A. J. S., Dalal, H. M., Lough, F., ... Taylor,
R. S. (2015). Exercise-based rehabilitation for heart failure: Systematic review and meta-
analysis. Open Heart, 2, 1-12. Retrieved
from http://openheart.bmj.com/content/openhrt/2/1/e000163.full.pdf
Sagar et al. (2015) have shown that when comparison was done between no-exercise
control group and that of the experimental groups, it was found that exercise interventions

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CASE STUDY OF WILLIAM
single-handedly or being a component of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs have
successfully helped in reduction of the hospitalization rates along with the improvements of the
health-related quality of lives. In addition, the researchers successfully reached to conclusions
where it was found that benefits of the exercise based cardiac rehabilitation was independent of
the types of exercises of cardiac rehabilitation. This means the benefits were not controlled by
whether the interventions were only exercises based or formed part of the comprehensive cardiac
rehabilitation program or of the aerobic exercise only or aerobic and resistance exercises,
average dose of the exercise interventions and many others. The researchers also concluded that
exercise based cardiac rehabilitation programs helped in improvements in the health-related
quality of life. It was also found that that magnitude of the reduction in the rate of the
hospitalizations and improvement in health related quality of life by exercise training showed
better outcome when it was done in home-based settings but did not show any considerable
results when it was conducted in hospital settings.
Jiang, Y., Shorey, S., Seah, B., Chan, W. X., San Tam, W. W., & Wang, W. (2018). The
effectiveness of psychological interventions on self-care, psychological and health outcomes
in patients with chronic heart failure—A systematic review and meta-
analysis. International journal of nursing studies, 78, 16-25.
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.08.006
Jiang et al (2018) had effectively identified one of the most neglected factors that are
extremely important to develop positive health outcomes of the patient suffering from heart
failure disorders. It has been found that healthcare professionals might be focusing on the
developing the physical health of the patient through self management education strategies that
are mainly discussed during the times of discharge. However, such approach of healthcare