Integrating New Digital Technologies into Crisis Management - A Case Study of Royal Lancaster London
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This research project aims to analyze the current trends followed in organizations after crisis management, with a case study of Royal Lancaster London. The report includes literature review, research methodology, and recommendations for the betterment of the company.
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Contents
Contents...........................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Research Aims and Objectives....................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................4
.....................................................................................................................................................5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23
Contents...........................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Research Aims and Objectives....................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................4
.....................................................................................................................................................5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23
Research Topic: " Integrating new digital technologies into crisis management"
INTRODUCTION
The new technology means innovation and invention that is used by individual for the
purpose of invention, discovery, improvement, and integration the work. This is important for
each individual and group of people who are working in organization to focus on new
technology and implement in their industry which can help to reach nearby goals and supports to
develop productivity. As environment is changing where it became important to introduce the
new technology as it make smooth and easier for the purpose of developing business productivity
(Ahn, Shamim, and Park, 2021). As COVID-19 started in whole world considered as crisis has
affected the business organization and productivity negatively. It has seen that Covid has
accelerated the technological changes for the hospitality industry at unprecedented rate, pressure
many accommodation professionals to adopt latest technology that could help to manage the
functions. The importance of digital innovation in hospitality industry is to provide the new
products and services in changing environment and supports to accomplish the business goals.
To understand about digital technology Royal Lancaster London has been selected that is larger
size hotel, was founded in 1967 for the purpose of providing different products and services. The
importance of digital technology in hospitality industry is more effective as it growing the
business activities and functions properly (Abou-Shouk, Gad, and Abdelhakim, 2021). This
could help to develop the higher performance by implementing new technology at the workplace.
This also helps to maximize the customer service, preserving the environment, reducing
wastages, and influencing number of guests that could provide business goals. The report
involves Aims and objectives, Literature Review, Research Methodology, and results.
Research Aims and Objectives
Aim: "To analyse the current trends followed in organisation after crisis management. A case
study of Royal Lancaster London.
Objectives:
• To understand the concept of crisis management.
• To determine the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
• To recommend some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage for company’s
betterment.
1
INTRODUCTION
The new technology means innovation and invention that is used by individual for the
purpose of invention, discovery, improvement, and integration the work. This is important for
each individual and group of people who are working in organization to focus on new
technology and implement in their industry which can help to reach nearby goals and supports to
develop productivity. As environment is changing where it became important to introduce the
new technology as it make smooth and easier for the purpose of developing business productivity
(Ahn, Shamim, and Park, 2021). As COVID-19 started in whole world considered as crisis has
affected the business organization and productivity negatively. It has seen that Covid has
accelerated the technological changes for the hospitality industry at unprecedented rate, pressure
many accommodation professionals to adopt latest technology that could help to manage the
functions. The importance of digital innovation in hospitality industry is to provide the new
products and services in changing environment and supports to accomplish the business goals.
To understand about digital technology Royal Lancaster London has been selected that is larger
size hotel, was founded in 1967 for the purpose of providing different products and services. The
importance of digital technology in hospitality industry is more effective as it growing the
business activities and functions properly (Abou-Shouk, Gad, and Abdelhakim, 2021). This
could help to develop the higher performance by implementing new technology at the workplace.
This also helps to maximize the customer service, preserving the environment, reducing
wastages, and influencing number of guests that could provide business goals. The report
involves Aims and objectives, Literature Review, Research Methodology, and results.
Research Aims and Objectives
Aim: "To analyse the current trends followed in organisation after crisis management. A case
study of Royal Lancaster London.
Objectives:
• To understand the concept of crisis management.
• To determine the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
• To recommend some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage for company’s
betterment.
1
Research Questions:
• What is the concept of crisis management?
• Explain benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
• Provide recommendations for some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage for
company’s betterment.
Research Rationale
The topic of research is rationale and justifiable as it is associated with latest trend such as
Crisis which have risen due to Covid-19. This is important for each organization and group of
individual to analysis the environment and comes to know how event and crisis has affected the
business industry. The current report will help to know concept of crisis management and digital
trends in hospitality industry after the Covid period and different ways which could be used to
making better performance of company. This will help to develop the understanding and skills of
individual which can be used to develop the business productivity and profitability in hospitality
sector. Due to digitalization customers feels satisfaction and work effectively (Odekerken-
Schröder, Mennens,, Steins, and Mahr, 2021).
Research scope
The current research’s scope is showing the impact of crisis as Covid on whole business
performance that created the challenges for business organization to regulate their business. As
environment is changes where it became important to introduce advanced technology as it
supported to increase the customer base and develop the organizational functions. This also helps
to enhance the overall growth and performance of business industry by adopting the new
technology (Le, 2022).
Problem statement
The main problem in relation to current research is lack of resources, and capital to
researcher that created the problem and affected the performance negatively. The problem is
related to crisis management that could rise while working and affected the business
productivity. The current report is about use of digital technology and innovation which can be
used to develop the organizational performance. The management requires to have to proper
understanding and supports to increase the organizational productivity. The management should
have proper information and details regarding particular topic which could help to managing all
2
• What is the concept of crisis management?
• Explain benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
• Provide recommendations for some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage for
company’s betterment.
Research Rationale
The topic of research is rationale and justifiable as it is associated with latest trend such as
Crisis which have risen due to Covid-19. This is important for each organization and group of
individual to analysis the environment and comes to know how event and crisis has affected the
business industry. The current report will help to know concept of crisis management and digital
trends in hospitality industry after the Covid period and different ways which could be used to
making better performance of company. This will help to develop the understanding and skills of
individual which can be used to develop the business productivity and profitability in hospitality
sector. Due to digitalization customers feels satisfaction and work effectively (Odekerken-
Schröder, Mennens,, Steins, and Mahr, 2021).
Research scope
The current research’s scope is showing the impact of crisis as Covid on whole business
performance that created the challenges for business organization to regulate their business. As
environment is changes where it became important to introduce advanced technology as it
supported to increase the customer base and develop the organizational functions. This also helps
to enhance the overall growth and performance of business industry by adopting the new
technology (Le, 2022).
Problem statement
The main problem in relation to current research is lack of resources, and capital to
researcher that created the problem and affected the performance negatively. The problem is
related to crisis management that could rise while working and affected the business
productivity. The current report is about use of digital technology and innovation which can be
used to develop the organizational performance. The management requires to have to proper
understanding and supports to increase the organizational productivity. The management should
have proper information and details regarding particular topic which could help to managing all
2
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functions and activities. The report explains crisis management and states ways that could be
used to overcome the problems (Abdelfadil, 2021).
3
used to overcome the problems (Abdelfadil, 2021).
3
LITERATURE REVIEW
To understand the concept of crisis management.
As per view point of Hurriyati (2015), A business crisis is the process by which a
business or other companies deals with a sudden emergency situation. This is important for each
organization to analysis the business problems which are pertaining while running the business
and affected the productivity negatively. The management requires to have proper understanding
and knowledge regarding The management is having different skills and abilities which can be
used to identify the problem and solve it. The art of dealing with unexpected and sudden changes
which disturbs the employees, and external clients is known as crisis management where use of
good knowledge could help to develop the business performance. In relation to current issue
such as use of digital technology in Covid-19 is considered as crisis that directly created the
issues while running the business. Due to covid it became challenging for each business
organization to regulate the business as many problems occurred and changed the people’s mind-
set which could be affect the productivity negatively.
To determine the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
As per opinion of Hoang (2016), The hospitality industry is the main activity in which
accommodation and staying services are provided to customers which supports to develop
organizational performance. The environment is changing day by day where it became important
to offer kind of products and services as it influence the number of people and increase the
productivity. The global COVID-19 outbreak has impacted businesses, particularly those in the
travel and hospitality industries, and has interrupted operations. As deal with the epidemic,
sectors are dealing with the effects of an economic slowdown. The new realities are here to stay,
and they may aid the hospitality industry in maturing into a totally digital and individualised
guest experience, similar to where airlines and airports are heading as a result of this pandemic.
As digital technology is the major technology which is used by individual for the purpose of
making their work easier and smoother that could help to develop the business productivity.
Royal Lancaster London is the large size organization that understand the needs and wants of
their customers then offer the kind of products and services in order to changing their
economical status that can help to accomplish the business goals. The benefits of new digital
trends in Royal Lancaster London after Covid-19 is defined below:
4
To understand the concept of crisis management.
As per view point of Hurriyati (2015), A business crisis is the process by which a
business or other companies deals with a sudden emergency situation. This is important for each
organization to analysis the business problems which are pertaining while running the business
and affected the productivity negatively. The management requires to have proper understanding
and knowledge regarding The management is having different skills and abilities which can be
used to identify the problem and solve it. The art of dealing with unexpected and sudden changes
which disturbs the employees, and external clients is known as crisis management where use of
good knowledge could help to develop the business performance. In relation to current issue
such as use of digital technology in Covid-19 is considered as crisis that directly created the
issues while running the business. Due to covid it became challenging for each business
organization to regulate the business as many problems occurred and changed the people’s mind-
set which could be affect the productivity negatively.
To determine the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
As per opinion of Hoang (2016), The hospitality industry is the main activity in which
accommodation and staying services are provided to customers which supports to develop
organizational performance. The environment is changing day by day where it became important
to offer kind of products and services as it influence the number of people and increase the
productivity. The global COVID-19 outbreak has impacted businesses, particularly those in the
travel and hospitality industries, and has interrupted operations. As deal with the epidemic,
sectors are dealing with the effects of an economic slowdown. The new realities are here to stay,
and they may aid the hospitality industry in maturing into a totally digital and individualised
guest experience, similar to where airlines and airports are heading as a result of this pandemic.
As digital technology is the major technology which is used by individual for the purpose of
making their work easier and smoother that could help to develop the business productivity.
Royal Lancaster London is the large size organization that understand the needs and wants of
their customers then offer the kind of products and services in order to changing their
economical status that can help to accomplish the business goals. The benefits of new digital
trends in Royal Lancaster London after Covid-19 is defined below:
4
Use of new technology in booking tickets – Before Covid-19. People were booking
their tickets offline or through travel agent that provided good experience. During Covid it
became challenging for organization to book their tickets online that reduced the organizational
productivity. Within this period, companies has decided to use the digital technology which can
be used to book hotels and tickets online that could help to perform all functions and activities (
Mirzaei, and Shokouhyar, 2022).
Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems – This is important for each
organization to analysis the environment and create the travel experience for their customers.
The management requires to have proper understanding and knowledge regarding particular
topic which could help to develop performance. In relation to Royal Lancaster London, digital
technology is being used to creating virtual reality in travelling experience and booking systems
which could supports to accomplish business goals. The true usefulness of virtual reality in
hospitality and tourism revealed during coronavirus lockdowns and stay-at-home orders, when
would-be tourists sat at home in sweatpants, wishing they were somewhere else.
Integration of mobile app - Mobile app integration is the scientific term for "when your
phone becomes your tool for almost everything," and it has been a gradually developing trend for
years. The pandemic has only accelerated acceptance. Since the pandemic began, the number of
customers utilising food delivery apps such as Menulog, UberEats, and Deliveroo in Australia
and the United States has more than doubled. This is important for each organization to use the
digital technology for the purpose of offering services by using mobile application that can make
easy work for organization to run their business effectively. In relation to Royal Lancaster
London, digital technology is being used by management for the purpose of offering their hotel
services via online which can help to develop the business productivity and profitability.
Change the consumer buying behaviour – Customers are important to business
organization who have contributed to run the business by buying products and services. Due to
changing environment needs and wants of customers is also getting change where it became
important to introduce the kind of products and services that could help to manage the all
functions and activities. In relation to Royal Lancaster London, consumers are important but due
to Covid attack people have changed their mindset and denied to book hotels. This could help to
selected organization to make the use of digital technology for changing buying behaviour of
customers and attracts to make buying decisions.
5
their tickets offline or through travel agent that provided good experience. During Covid it
became challenging for organization to book their tickets online that reduced the organizational
productivity. Within this period, companies has decided to use the digital technology which can
be used to book hotels and tickets online that could help to perform all functions and activities (
Mirzaei, and Shokouhyar, 2022).
Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems – This is important for each
organization to analysis the environment and create the travel experience for their customers.
The management requires to have proper understanding and knowledge regarding particular
topic which could help to develop performance. In relation to Royal Lancaster London, digital
technology is being used to creating virtual reality in travelling experience and booking systems
which could supports to accomplish business goals. The true usefulness of virtual reality in
hospitality and tourism revealed during coronavirus lockdowns and stay-at-home orders, when
would-be tourists sat at home in sweatpants, wishing they were somewhere else.
Integration of mobile app - Mobile app integration is the scientific term for "when your
phone becomes your tool for almost everything," and it has been a gradually developing trend for
years. The pandemic has only accelerated acceptance. Since the pandemic began, the number of
customers utilising food delivery apps such as Menulog, UberEats, and Deliveroo in Australia
and the United States has more than doubled. This is important for each organization to use the
digital technology for the purpose of offering services by using mobile application that can make
easy work for organization to run their business effectively. In relation to Royal Lancaster
London, digital technology is being used by management for the purpose of offering their hotel
services via online which can help to develop the business productivity and profitability.
Change the consumer buying behaviour – Customers are important to business
organization who have contributed to run the business by buying products and services. Due to
changing environment needs and wants of customers is also getting change where it became
important to introduce the kind of products and services that could help to manage the all
functions and activities. In relation to Royal Lancaster London, consumers are important but due
to Covid attack people have changed their mindset and denied to book hotels. This could help to
selected organization to make the use of digital technology for changing buying behaviour of
customers and attracts to make buying decisions.
5
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Data Driven transformation – While running the business data records needs to be
consider that can help to develop the business productivity. The data and information are run by
individual for the purpose of managing and controlling the business activities which could
supports to run the business effectively. In relation to Royal Lancaster London, use of digital
technology is used by management where benefits of data driven and records that supported to
running a business (Pekkala, and van Zoonen, 2022).
Industry growth – Digital transformation is most important factor or drivers for growth
of hospitality industry by offering different types of products and services. The industrial growth
depends on new technology and innovation as it could help to reach the targeted customers
which could help to reach the targeted customers. The growth of hospitality industry is possible
in case of using new technology and digital transformation that could help to regulate the
business effectively.
From the above it can be explained that digital technology is providing various benefits to
Royal Lancaster London, that supported to accept the challenges and managing all functions and
activities effectively. This could help to reach the targeted customers and controlling business
performance.
To recommend some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage for company’s
betterment.
As per opinion of Maher (2019), Changes are the types which adopted by business
organization as per their business needs and managing the all performance. This is important for
business industry to analysis the environment and comes to know what services should be
provides to customers which can help to accomplish the business goals. To increase the number
of customers is the main goal of business industry where changes could help to develop the
business productivity by offering the products and services. The company is facing the issues
while running the business where use of digital technology is used to showing some changes in
selected organization that are as explained;
To provide sanitized rooms – In hospitality industry, it is needed for organization to
offer proper cleaned and sanitized rooms within and after covid period that could help to make
feel safety and free from spreading virus for the purpose of running their business. This change
could be effective for Royal Lancaster London, to offer the sanitized rooms which can help to
influence the number of customers and supports to accomplish the business goals.
6
consider that can help to develop the business productivity. The data and information are run by
individual for the purpose of managing and controlling the business activities which could
supports to run the business effectively. In relation to Royal Lancaster London, use of digital
technology is used by management where benefits of data driven and records that supported to
running a business (Pekkala, and van Zoonen, 2022).
Industry growth – Digital transformation is most important factor or drivers for growth
of hospitality industry by offering different types of products and services. The industrial growth
depends on new technology and innovation as it could help to reach the targeted customers
which could help to reach the targeted customers. The growth of hospitality industry is possible
in case of using new technology and digital transformation that could help to regulate the
business effectively.
From the above it can be explained that digital technology is providing various benefits to
Royal Lancaster London, that supported to accept the challenges and managing all functions and
activities effectively. This could help to reach the targeted customers and controlling business
performance.
To recommend some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage for company’s
betterment.
As per opinion of Maher (2019), Changes are the types which adopted by business
organization as per their business needs and managing the all performance. This is important for
business industry to analysis the environment and comes to know what services should be
provides to customers which can help to accomplish the business goals. To increase the number
of customers is the main goal of business industry where changes could help to develop the
business productivity by offering the products and services. The company is facing the issues
while running the business where use of digital technology is used to showing some changes in
selected organization that are as explained;
To provide sanitized rooms – In hospitality industry, it is needed for organization to
offer proper cleaned and sanitized rooms within and after covid period that could help to make
feel safety and free from spreading virus for the purpose of running their business. This change
could be effective for Royal Lancaster London, to offer the sanitized rooms which can help to
influence the number of customers and supports to accomplish the business goals.
6
Easily Booking – Due to busy schedule of people it might be difficult for organization to
adopt the changes and new technology which could help to develop the business productivity.
The management requires having proper understanding about digital technology which could
bring changes in existing working and systems that could help to run the business effectively. In
relation to Royal Lancaster London, digital technology is used to booking hotels easily that
supported to grow the business and maintain higher performance (Abou-Shouk, Gad, and
Abdelhakim, 2021).
To their customers up to date – This is important for business organization to analysis
the needs and keep their clients up to date on any existing offers and summer vacation packages
which could help to influence and supports to increase the business productivity. This could help
to increase awareness between people regarding specific services and supports to develop the
business productivity. In relation to Royal Lancaster, digital technology is used by organization
for the purpose of running their business and attaining higher performance.
From the report it can be concluded that over the last 20 years, advanced technologies
and innovations have altered the way the hotel industry gives value to guests all over the world.
With so many options, digital transformation is transforming the sector and leaving some
businesses in the dust. Customers' behaviour has shifted at breakneck speed in the direction of
novel, imaginative experiences. Digital technology is the important aspect which is used by
business industry for the purpose of running their business and accomplishing business goals.
7
adopt the changes and new technology which could help to develop the business productivity.
The management requires having proper understanding about digital technology which could
bring changes in existing working and systems that could help to run the business effectively. In
relation to Royal Lancaster London, digital technology is used to booking hotels easily that
supported to grow the business and maintain higher performance (Abou-Shouk, Gad, and
Abdelhakim, 2021).
To their customers up to date – This is important for business organization to analysis
the needs and keep their clients up to date on any existing offers and summer vacation packages
which could help to influence and supports to increase the business productivity. This could help
to increase awareness between people regarding specific services and supports to develop the
business productivity. In relation to Royal Lancaster, digital technology is used by organization
for the purpose of running their business and attaining higher performance.
From the report it can be concluded that over the last 20 years, advanced technologies
and innovations have altered the way the hotel industry gives value to guests all over the world.
With so many options, digital transformation is transforming the sector and leaving some
businesses in the dust. Customers' behaviour has shifted at breakneck speed in the direction of
novel, imaginative experiences. Digital technology is the important aspect which is used by
business industry for the purpose of running their business and accomplishing business goals.
7
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is the main aspects which is used by researcher to improve their
understanding and knowledge regarding particular topic as it brings lots of information from
different sources. The person requires having right details regarding specific topic and managing
the all functions. The current research is about crisis management which might be arises while
running the business and affected productivity. A major concern for researchers is determining
the impact of tourist management on sustainable tourism development. The researcher will
require enough time and money to conduct research on this issue. As a result of a lack of
accurate capital and time, the researcher was unable to execute this investigation properly. At the
moment, increased tourism demand puts a strain on carrying capacity. Research is a systematic
process that support researcher in collection of information about the specific area of study.
More visitors increase the likelihood that the environment will be harmed and cultural treasures
will be ruined (Dvorak, Komarkova, and Stehlik, 2021). As per scholars digital technology is
used by business industry for the purpose of introducing new services. The management is
having important role who conduct the analysis and identify problems which are pertaining in
business environment that has created changes in existing performance and supports to grow the
business in changing environment. The methodology in relation to research is defined below:
Research approach – This could be explained as planning procedure which are formulated
by researcher for the purpose of collecting data and information. The researcher requires to have
proper understanding and knowledge about market and environment that can help to make right
decision and supports to accomplish the business goals. It has seen that if there is lack of
planning and approach while conducting the research then could be challenging to research the
topic and manage all functions. Inductive and deductive approaches are the two main
approaches. These methodologies aid investigators in the analysis of qualitative and quantitative
data.
Justification - The current study is centred on quantitative research, and the deductive
approach will be utilised to analyse quantitative data in order to save time and money for the
researcher. According to the current investigation, the inductive approach is ineffective because
it is entirely focused on qualitative data. This approach will help researcher to know about digital
technology and its uses in hospitality industry.
8
Research methodology is the main aspects which is used by researcher to improve their
understanding and knowledge regarding particular topic as it brings lots of information from
different sources. The person requires having right details regarding specific topic and managing
the all functions. The current research is about crisis management which might be arises while
running the business and affected productivity. A major concern for researchers is determining
the impact of tourist management on sustainable tourism development. The researcher will
require enough time and money to conduct research on this issue. As a result of a lack of
accurate capital and time, the researcher was unable to execute this investigation properly. At the
moment, increased tourism demand puts a strain on carrying capacity. Research is a systematic
process that support researcher in collection of information about the specific area of study.
More visitors increase the likelihood that the environment will be harmed and cultural treasures
will be ruined (Dvorak, Komarkova, and Stehlik, 2021). As per scholars digital technology is
used by business industry for the purpose of introducing new services. The management is
having important role who conduct the analysis and identify problems which are pertaining in
business environment that has created changes in existing performance and supports to grow the
business in changing environment. The methodology in relation to research is defined below:
Research approach – This could be explained as planning procedure which are formulated
by researcher for the purpose of collecting data and information. The researcher requires to have
proper understanding and knowledge about market and environment that can help to make right
decision and supports to accomplish the business goals. It has seen that if there is lack of
planning and approach while conducting the research then could be challenging to research the
topic and manage all functions. Inductive and deductive approaches are the two main
approaches. These methodologies aid investigators in the analysis of qualitative and quantitative
data.
Justification - The current study is centred on quantitative research, and the deductive
approach will be utilised to analyse quantitative data in order to save time and money for the
researcher. According to the current investigation, the inductive approach is ineffective because
it is entirely focused on qualitative data. This approach will help researcher to know about digital
technology and its uses in hospitality industry.
8
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Research Philosophy- The philosophy of research is showcasing the principles and
standard which are followed for the purpose of bringing changes in existing performance and
develop the business productivity. While conducting the research it is important to use
appropriate method and technique to conduct the research as it brings bunch of information that
uses to complete the research. There are two major sorts of research philosophies: positivism and
interpretivism.
Justification - Both are effective, but according to the current study, positivism is more
valuable and useful since it allows investigators to collect, analyse, and use quantitative data in
the shortest amount of time. The current research will help to know how each function and
activities in relation to topic will be perform effectively. This provides the positivism results in
conducting the research and attains higher performance. The researcher will conduct the research
by using different methods and collecting information from different sources.
Research Strategy – The strategy is planning which are formulated by researcher for the
purpose of conducting research for long period of time. If there is lack of strategy and planning
then could be challenging for organization to complete their study and manage the all
information. In other words, strategies are kind of long term plans which needs to formulate by
skilled and talented person in order to manage their all functions and completing their work at
right period of time. the types of strategy are experiment, case study, descriptive and other are
using by researcher (Ghimire, 2015).
Justification – From the above descriptive as research strategy is being used by
researcher that can help to collect the number of information regarding particular topic and
supports to accomplish the business goals. The descriptive research will explain descriptively
regarding topic and develop understanding how to control the crisis that might be occur while
running the business.
Choices of Methods – This could be termed as methodology which is used by researcher to
explain the method, needs to be use in conducting the research. This can help to bring the larger
number of information and data regarding specific topic and manage the all functions effectively.
In other words, to pick a appropriate method and plans out of many is known as choice of
method that uses to complete the study. This involves mono, mixed, and multi method to conduct
the research. The Mono method is used to analysis the topic by using single method such as
qualitative or quantitative. The multi method is used to analysis the research by using multiple
9
standard which are followed for the purpose of bringing changes in existing performance and
develop the business productivity. While conducting the research it is important to use
appropriate method and technique to conduct the research as it brings bunch of information that
uses to complete the research. There are two major sorts of research philosophies: positivism and
interpretivism.
Justification - Both are effective, but according to the current study, positivism is more
valuable and useful since it allows investigators to collect, analyse, and use quantitative data in
the shortest amount of time. The current research will help to know how each function and
activities in relation to topic will be perform effectively. This provides the positivism results in
conducting the research and attains higher performance. The researcher will conduct the research
by using different methods and collecting information from different sources.
Research Strategy – The strategy is planning which are formulated by researcher for the
purpose of conducting research for long period of time. If there is lack of strategy and planning
then could be challenging for organization to complete their study and manage the all
information. In other words, strategies are kind of long term plans which needs to formulate by
skilled and talented person in order to manage their all functions and completing their work at
right period of time. the types of strategy are experiment, case study, descriptive and other are
using by researcher (Ghimire, 2015).
Justification – From the above descriptive as research strategy is being used by
researcher that can help to collect the number of information regarding particular topic and
supports to accomplish the business goals. The descriptive research will explain descriptively
regarding topic and develop understanding how to control the crisis that might be occur while
running the business.
Choices of Methods – This could be termed as methodology which is used by researcher to
explain the method, needs to be use in conducting the research. This can help to bring the larger
number of information and data regarding specific topic and manage the all functions effectively.
In other words, to pick a appropriate method and plans out of many is known as choice of
method that uses to complete the study. This involves mono, mixed, and multi method to conduct
the research. The Mono method is used to analysis the topic by using single method such as
qualitative or quantitative. The multi method is used to analysis the research by using multiple
9
method which can help to managing business performance. Moreover, mixed method is used to
focusing over qualitative and quantitative method that can help to develop the understanding and
knowledge regarding specific topic and manage the data properly (Hall, Prayag, and Amore,
2017).
Justification – From the above it could be determined that mono method is used by
researcher to conduct the study which explains how digital transformation is important to
business organization and how it could help to develop hospitality industry by offering better
quality of products and services.
Data collection – This is a technique which is used by researcher to collect the data from
different sources and techniques. If there is inappropriate source then creates problem to develop
understanding and gain knowledge regarding topic. Primary and secondary are two importance
types of research that facilitate researcher in gathering of qualitative and quantitative
information. Primary research helps researcher to collect quantitative information by use of
questionnaire. The meaning of primary research is when information is collected from primary
sources such as interview, questionnaire, survey and others that consume time and cost while
conducting the research. This also helps to manage the data in relation to topic clearly. On the
other hand, secondary research assist investigator in collecting of secondary data from different
sources such as books, magazines, articles etc.
Justification - According to the current investigation questionnaire will be used as it aid in
collecting of reliable data from the respondents. This is the sign of primary technique to collect
the data which can help to develop the understanding and knowledge regarding digital
technology which used to reduce the negative impact of crisis and affected the productivity. This
will suggest different way which can be used to improve the negative impact and supports to
develop productivity (Hamarneh, and Jeřábek, 2018).
Data Analysis - There are primarily two types of research studies: qualitative and
quantitative. Qualitative research is used to describe phenomena or concepts by acquiring
numerical data and analysing it using mathematically based approaches. A qualitative study, on
the other hand, aims to answer questions about why and how people behave the way they do. It
provides in-depth or extensive information on human behaviour. There are various ways for
gathering quantitative data, such as surveys, observations, and so on. Along with this, the most
important sources of qualitative data include interviews, focus groups, observations, postcards,
10
focusing over qualitative and quantitative method that can help to develop the understanding and
knowledge regarding specific topic and manage the data properly (Hall, Prayag, and Amore,
2017).
Justification – From the above it could be determined that mono method is used by
researcher to conduct the study which explains how digital transformation is important to
business organization and how it could help to develop hospitality industry by offering better
quality of products and services.
Data collection – This is a technique which is used by researcher to collect the data from
different sources and techniques. If there is inappropriate source then creates problem to develop
understanding and gain knowledge regarding topic. Primary and secondary are two importance
types of research that facilitate researcher in gathering of qualitative and quantitative
information. Primary research helps researcher to collect quantitative information by use of
questionnaire. The meaning of primary research is when information is collected from primary
sources such as interview, questionnaire, survey and others that consume time and cost while
conducting the research. This also helps to manage the data in relation to topic clearly. On the
other hand, secondary research assist investigator in collecting of secondary data from different
sources such as books, magazines, articles etc.
Justification - According to the current investigation questionnaire will be used as it aid in
collecting of reliable data from the respondents. This is the sign of primary technique to collect
the data which can help to develop the understanding and knowledge regarding digital
technology which used to reduce the negative impact of crisis and affected the productivity. This
will suggest different way which can be used to improve the negative impact and supports to
develop productivity (Hamarneh, and Jeřábek, 2018).
Data Analysis - There are primarily two types of research studies: qualitative and
quantitative. Qualitative research is used to describe phenomena or concepts by acquiring
numerical data and analysing it using mathematically based approaches. A qualitative study, on
the other hand, aims to answer questions about why and how people behave the way they do. It
provides in-depth or extensive information on human behaviour. There are various ways for
gathering quantitative data, such as surveys, observations, and so on. Along with this, the most
important sources of qualitative data include interviews, focus groups, observations, postcards,
10
and so on. The quantitative research approach will be chosen by the researcher among these
studies. Because this type of study is more beneficial to the investigator by providing
information from the questionnaire.
Justification of selecting qualitative research method -There are different advantages
that will be gained by researcher if they use quantitative research methods. It includes data
collection occurs rapidly, samples are randomized, offers reliable and repeatable information,
information from a larger sample is used and many other. These are consider biggest reasons for
selecting quantitative research methods. Along with this, such type of study will also help in
identification of impact of tourism management on sustainable tourism development.
Sampling: Probability and non-probability are two techniques of sampling that helps
researcher in selection of sample size. In order to select sample size for present study probability
sampling has been chosen because it assists in selection of sample in random basis and also not
takes maximum time and resources of investigator. By using probability sampling 40 managers
of Ritz-Carlton Hotel will be chosen (Kubanska, 2017).
Research design: This type of methodology is defined as an effective and useful
framework of techniques and methods selected by investigator to combine different elements of
study in a reasonable logical way so that research problem is handled in efficient manner.
Research design gives insights regarding how to conduct investigation applying a specific
methodology. The entire activity or task of the study is depend of research design which is
followed by investigator or scholar for identifying the impact. Along with this, there are mainly
three kind of research design including descriptive, experimental and exploratory. Among these
types of research design, descriptive design will be going to applied by researcher. As this type
of design is more suitable and help investigator in deriving valid conclusion. This will help to
attaining higher performance. The management of Royal Lancaster Hotel, management will
conduct analysis regarding digital technology which could be used to influence the number of
customers that could help to develop the business performance (Linden, and Linden, 2017).
Sampling
In research terms as sample introduces to the group of people, items or objects that are
taken from a biggest population for measurement. Along with this, sampling is the process used
by researcher for choosing a part of population. There are two techniques of sampling such as
11
studies. Because this type of study is more beneficial to the investigator by providing
information from the questionnaire.
Justification of selecting qualitative research method -There are different advantages
that will be gained by researcher if they use quantitative research methods. It includes data
collection occurs rapidly, samples are randomized, offers reliable and repeatable information,
information from a larger sample is used and many other. These are consider biggest reasons for
selecting quantitative research methods. Along with this, such type of study will also help in
identification of impact of tourism management on sustainable tourism development.
Sampling: Probability and non-probability are two techniques of sampling that helps
researcher in selection of sample size. In order to select sample size for present study probability
sampling has been chosen because it assists in selection of sample in random basis and also not
takes maximum time and resources of investigator. By using probability sampling 40 managers
of Ritz-Carlton Hotel will be chosen (Kubanska, 2017).
Research design: This type of methodology is defined as an effective and useful
framework of techniques and methods selected by investigator to combine different elements of
study in a reasonable logical way so that research problem is handled in efficient manner.
Research design gives insights regarding how to conduct investigation applying a specific
methodology. The entire activity or task of the study is depend of research design which is
followed by investigator or scholar for identifying the impact. Along with this, there are mainly
three kind of research design including descriptive, experimental and exploratory. Among these
types of research design, descriptive design will be going to applied by researcher. As this type
of design is more suitable and help investigator in deriving valid conclusion. This will help to
attaining higher performance. The management of Royal Lancaster Hotel, management will
conduct analysis regarding digital technology which could be used to influence the number of
customers that could help to develop the business performance (Linden, and Linden, 2017).
Sampling
In research terms as sample introduces to the group of people, items or objects that are
taken from a biggest population for measurement. Along with this, sampling is the process used
by researcher for choosing a part of population. There are two techniques of sampling such as
11
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probability and non-probability. Probability sampling uses simple random sampling method to
create a sample. On the other hand, non-probability sampling use non-random process like
convenience sampling or researcher judgement . Therefore, both are consider effective technique
of sampling but for selecting sample size for current study, probability sampling method will be
going to applied by researcher. By using this method, 30 respondents will be taken into
consideration. Non-probability is consider another kind of sampling technique which is not used
for choosing sample size of this study (Mason, Gos, and Moretti, 2016).
Justification of choosing probability sampling: For this study, simple random sampling
will be employed as a helpful type of probability sampling. Random sampling is an effective
strategy because it generates or develops samples that are highly representative of the population.
As a result, probability sampling is far more suited than non-probability sampling. Because this
sample strategy requires less time, resources, and money from the researcher. Furthermore,
probability sampling assists investigators in selecting sample size at random. Probability
sampling has several advantages, including the fact that it is less expensive, requires less
judgement, is a simpler method of sampling, takes less time, and can be performed by non-
technical people. As a result, these are the primary methods for selecting this form of sample.
Ethical issues: There are number of ethical issues within an investigation such as
carefulness, openness, objectivity, responsible publication, legality, honesty and integrity,
respect for intellectual property etc. These are main issues that have impact on investigator while
doing this research in unethical manner. Along with this there are some ethical considerations
that must be following by researcher while doing this research. These are
Research members must not to be exposed to hurt in any manners at all.
Regard for the nobility of research members ought to be organized.
Full assent ought to be gotten from the members before the investigation.
12
create a sample. On the other hand, non-probability sampling use non-random process like
convenience sampling or researcher judgement . Therefore, both are consider effective technique
of sampling but for selecting sample size for current study, probability sampling method will be
going to applied by researcher. By using this method, 30 respondents will be taken into
consideration. Non-probability is consider another kind of sampling technique which is not used
for choosing sample size of this study (Mason, Gos, and Moretti, 2016).
Justification of choosing probability sampling: For this study, simple random sampling
will be employed as a helpful type of probability sampling. Random sampling is an effective
strategy because it generates or develops samples that are highly representative of the population.
As a result, probability sampling is far more suited than non-probability sampling. Because this
sample strategy requires less time, resources, and money from the researcher. Furthermore,
probability sampling assists investigators in selecting sample size at random. Probability
sampling has several advantages, including the fact that it is less expensive, requires less
judgement, is a simpler method of sampling, takes less time, and can be performed by non-
technical people. As a result, these are the primary methods for selecting this form of sample.
Ethical issues: There are number of ethical issues within an investigation such as
carefulness, openness, objectivity, responsible publication, legality, honesty and integrity,
respect for intellectual property etc. These are main issues that have impact on investigator while
doing this research in unethical manner. Along with this there are some ethical considerations
that must be following by researcher while doing this research. These are
Research members must not to be exposed to hurt in any manners at all.
Regard for the nobility of research members ought to be organized.
Full assent ought to be gotten from the members before the investigation.
12
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the sustainable hospitality development?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What are the ways to increase awareness about the sustainable hospitality industry?
a) Social media
b) Instagram
c) Twitter
Q3) How digital technology helps in sustainable tourism development in Royal Lancaster
Hotel?
a) Awareness increments between people people
b) Huge amount of economic generation
c) Natural resources preservation for future purpose
Q4) What is the impact of crisis management on sustainable hospitality development in
Royal Lancaster Hotel?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q5) Does Digital technology is effective tool in increment of awareness about the Royal
Lancaster Hotel among visitors?
a) Yes
b) No
Q6) What are the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
a) Use of new technology in booking tickets
b) Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems
c) Integration of mobile app
d) Change the consumer buying behaviour
e) Industry growth
Q7) What is the importance of digital technology development for environment?
13
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the sustainable hospitality development?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What are the ways to increase awareness about the sustainable hospitality industry?
a) Social media
b) Instagram
c) Twitter
Q3) How digital technology helps in sustainable tourism development in Royal Lancaster
Hotel?
a) Awareness increments between people people
b) Huge amount of economic generation
c) Natural resources preservation for future purpose
Q4) What is the impact of crisis management on sustainable hospitality development in
Royal Lancaster Hotel?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q5) Does Digital technology is effective tool in increment of awareness about the Royal
Lancaster Hotel among visitors?
a) Yes
b) No
Q6) What are the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
a) Use of new technology in booking tickets
b) Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems
c) Integration of mobile app
d) Change the consumer buying behaviour
e) Industry growth
Q7) What is the importance of digital technology development for environment?
13
a) Improving infrastructure
b) Promoting community pride
c) Higher quality of life for local population
Q8) What are the recommendation in some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their
usage for company’s betterment?
a) To provide sanitized rooms
b) Easily Booking
c) To their customers up to date
Q9) What are the major initiatives that can support in reduction of risk that involved in
sustainable tourism?
a) Provide clear and honest crisis communication.
b) Support sustainable options in destinations.
c) Say no to illegal trade.
INTERPRETATION
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the sustainable hospitality
development?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 5
14
b) Promoting community pride
c) Higher quality of life for local population
Q8) What are the recommendation in some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their
usage for company’s betterment?
a) To provide sanitized rooms
b) Easily Booking
c) To their customers up to date
Q9) What are the major initiatives that can support in reduction of risk that involved in
sustainable tourism?
a) Provide clear and honest crisis communication.
b) Support sustainable options in destinations.
c) Say no to illegal trade.
INTERPRETATION
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the sustainable hospitality
development?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 5
14
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Interpretation – There are total 30 participants who have contributed to give their feedback over
each question and activities. As per 25 people, they have knowledge regarding sustainable
hospitality development and remaining 5 have not.
Q2) What are the ways to increase awareness about the sustainable
hospitality industry?
Frequency
a) Social media 12
b) Instagram 8
c) Twitter 10
15
each question and activities. As per 25 people, they have knowledge regarding sustainable
hospitality development and remaining 5 have not.
Q2) What are the ways to increase awareness about the sustainable
hospitality industry?
Frequency
a) Social media 12
b) Instagram 8
c) Twitter 10
15
Interpretation – From the above it has interpreted that as per 12 people there are social media is
the effective way to increase awareness, as per 10 Twitter, and remaining 8 are using Instagram
for the purpose of developing their understanding and knowledge properly.
Q3) How digital technology helps in sustainable hospitality development
in Royal Lancaster Hotel?
Frequency
a) Awareness increments between people 10
b) Huge amount of economic generation 10
c) Natural resources preservation for future purpose 10
16
the effective way to increase awareness, as per 10 Twitter, and remaining 8 are using Instagram
for the purpose of developing their understanding and knowledge properly.
Q3) How digital technology helps in sustainable hospitality development
in Royal Lancaster Hotel?
Frequency
a) Awareness increments between people 10
b) Huge amount of economic generation 10
c) Natural resources preservation for future purpose 10
16
Interpretation – From the above it has been interpreted that as per 30 people who are divided
equally in group of 10-10 sais digital technology helped in creating awareness between people,
generating huge amount of economical status as reduce the cost and time, and natural resources
preversation for future purposes.
Q4) What is the impact of crisis management on sustainable hospitality
development in Royal Lancaster Hotel?
Frequency
a) Positive 15
b) Negative 8
c) Neutral 7
Interpretation – As per 15 people crisis management have impacted positively in making
sustainable hospitality development within Royal Lancaster Hotel, as per 8 it impacts negative,
and as per 7 neutral that created challenges for organization.
Q5) Does Digital technology is effective tool in increment of awareness
about the Royal Lancaster Hotel among visitors?
Frequency
a) Yes 27
b) No 3
17
equally in group of 10-10 sais digital technology helped in creating awareness between people,
generating huge amount of economical status as reduce the cost and time, and natural resources
preversation for future purposes.
Q4) What is the impact of crisis management on sustainable hospitality
development in Royal Lancaster Hotel?
Frequency
a) Positive 15
b) Negative 8
c) Neutral 7
Interpretation – As per 15 people crisis management have impacted positively in making
sustainable hospitality development within Royal Lancaster Hotel, as per 8 it impacts negative,
and as per 7 neutral that created challenges for organization.
Q5) Does Digital technology is effective tool in increment of awareness
about the Royal Lancaster Hotel among visitors?
Frequency
a) Yes 27
b) No 3
17
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Interpretation – As per 27 people digital technology is the effective tool in increment of
awareness about Royal Lancaster Hotel, as per 3 people it does not impacts in increasing
awareness about chosen Hotel (Madhani, 2021).
Q6) What are the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations
after COVID 19.
Frequency
a) Use of new technology in booking tickets 6
b) Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems 7
c) Integration of mobile app 5
d) Change the consumer buying behaviour 7
e) Industry growth 5
18
awareness about Royal Lancaster Hotel, as per 3 people it does not impacts in increasing
awareness about chosen Hotel (Madhani, 2021).
Q6) What are the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations
after COVID 19.
Frequency
a) Use of new technology in booking tickets 6
b) Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems 7
c) Integration of mobile app 5
d) Change the consumer buying behaviour 7
e) Industry growth 5
18
Interpretation – From the report it can be interpreted that 7 people digital technology is helpful in
Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems, as per 6 Use of new technology in
booking tickets, as per 5 Industry growth, as per 7 Change the consumer buying behaviour, and
as per 5 Integration of mobile app that could help to develop the business.
Q7) What is the importance of digital technology development for
environment?
Frequency
a) Improving infrastructure 10
b) Promoting community pride 10
c) Higher quality of life for local population 10
19
Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems, as per 6 Use of new technology in
booking tickets, as per 5 Industry growth, as per 7 Change the consumer buying behaviour, and
as per 5 Integration of mobile app that could help to develop the business.
Q7) What is the importance of digital technology development for
environment?
Frequency
a) Improving infrastructure 10
b) Promoting community pride 10
c) Higher quality of life for local population 10
19
Interpretation – From the report it can be interpreted that as per 30 people digital technology is
the effective source to improve infrastructure, promoting community pride, and high quality of
life for local population.
Q8) What are the recommendation in some changes for Royal Lancaster
London and their usage for company’s betterment?
Frequency
a) To provide sanitized rooms 12
b) Easily Booking 7
c) To keep their customers up to date 11
20
the effective source to improve infrastructure, promoting community pride, and high quality of
life for local population.
Q8) What are the recommendation in some changes for Royal Lancaster
London and their usage for company’s betterment?
Frequency
a) To provide sanitized rooms 12
b) Easily Booking 7
c) To keep their customers up to date 11
20
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Interpretation – Feom the above it has been interpreted that as per 12 providing sanitised
rooms, as per 11 people to keep their customers up to date, as per 7, easily booking that could
helps to develop the business performance and productivity.
Q9) What are the major initiatives that can support in reduction of risk
that involved in sustainable tourism?
Frequency
a) Provide clear and honest crisis communication. 10
b) Support sustainable options in destinations. 10
c) Say no to illegal trade. 10
Interpretation – From the report it can be interpreted that there are total 30 people who said that
digital technology is Provide clear and honest crisis communication, Support sustainable
options in destinations, and Say no to illegal trade that supported to develop the business
performance and productivity in changing environment.
CONCLUSION
There are two kinds of research methods: quantitative and qualitative. These are the major
sorts of investigations that assist investigators in acquiring relevant and accurate information.
Quantitative technique is more important and helpful for doing this research since it allows for
21
rooms, as per 11 people to keep their customers up to date, as per 7, easily booking that could
helps to develop the business performance and productivity.
Q9) What are the major initiatives that can support in reduction of risk
that involved in sustainable tourism?
Frequency
a) Provide clear and honest crisis communication. 10
b) Support sustainable options in destinations. 10
c) Say no to illegal trade. 10
Interpretation – From the report it can be interpreted that there are total 30 people who said that
digital technology is Provide clear and honest crisis communication, Support sustainable
options in destinations, and Say no to illegal trade that supported to develop the business
performance and productivity in changing environment.
CONCLUSION
There are two kinds of research methods: quantitative and qualitative. These are the major
sorts of investigations that assist investigators in acquiring relevant and accurate information.
Quantitative technique is more important and helpful for doing this research since it allows for
21
the provision of numerical and trustworthy information about gender equality and its impact on
business success. On the other hand, qualitative research is unsuitable for current investigations
because it requires more time and resources from an organization or researcher.
22
business success. On the other hand, qualitative research is unsuitable for current investigations
because it requires more time and resources from an organization or researcher.
22
REFERENCES
Ahn, J., Shamim, A. and Park, J., 2021. Impacts of cruise industry corporate social responsibility
reputation on customers’ loyalty: Mediating role of trust and
identification. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, p.102706.
Abou-Shouk, M., Gad, H.E. and Abdelhakim, A., 2021. Exploring customers’ attitudes to the
adoption of robots in tourism and hospitality. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology.
Madhani, P.M., 2021. Enhancing Retail Stores' Performance: Managing Compensation Costs
with Optimal Retail Workforce Sizing. IUP Journal of Business Strategy, 18(1).
Odekerken-Schröder, G., Mennens, K., Steins, M. and Mahr, D., 2021. The service triad: an
empirical study of service robots, customers and frontline employees. Journal of Service
Management.
Le, T.T., 2022. Corporate social responsibility and SMEs' performance: mediating role of
corporate image, corporate reputation and customer loyalty. International Journal of
Emerging Markets.
Abdelfadil, A.M., 2021. The Role of Service Quality Implementation on Customers
Satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, Sudan University of Science & Technology).
Mirzaei, S. and Shokouhyar, S., 2022. Applying a thematic analysis in identifying the role of
circular economy in sustainable supply chain practices. Environment, Development and
Sustainability, pp.1-32.
Pekkala, K. and van Zoonen, W., 2022. Work-related social media use: The mediating role of
social media communication self-efficacy. European Management Journal, 40(1),
pp.67-76.
Abou-Shouk, M., Gad, H.E. and Abdelhakim, A., 2021. Exploring customers’ attitudes to the
adoption of robots in tourism and hospitality. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology.
Dvorak, J., Komarkova, L. and Stehlik, L., 2021. The effect of the COVID-19 crisis on the
perception of digitisation in the purchasing process: customers and retailers
perspective. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies.
Ghimire, H. L., 2015. Disaster management and post-quake impact on tourism in Nepal. The
Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality. 7. pp. 37-57.
Hall, C. M., Prayag, G. and Amore, A., 2017. Tourism and resilience: Individual, organisational
and destination perspectives. Channel View Publications.
Hamarneh, I. and Jeřábek, P., 2018. The impact of the security situation on tourism in the
countries of the former Yugoslavia. Security & Future. 2(3). pp. 111-115.
Hoang, H., 2016. The Image of the San Francisco Bay Area as a Travel Destination for
International Students (Doctoral dissertation, California State Polytechnic University,
Pomona).
Hurriyati, R., 2015. An analysis of place branding to enhance the image of Bandung city and its
implications toward the decisions to visit tourism destination. SOSIOHUMANIKA, 8(1).
Kubanska, S., 2017. An Investigation Into The Motivations Of Visitors When Choosing A City
Shopping Break Destination: A Case Study Of Cardiff (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff
Metropolitan University).
Linden, H. and Linden, S., 2017. Fans and Tourism. In Fans and Fan Cultures. (pp. 105-129).
Palgrave Macmillan, London.
23
Ahn, J., Shamim, A. and Park, J., 2021. Impacts of cruise industry corporate social responsibility
reputation on customers’ loyalty: Mediating role of trust and
identification. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, p.102706.
Abou-Shouk, M., Gad, H.E. and Abdelhakim, A., 2021. Exploring customers’ attitudes to the
adoption of robots in tourism and hospitality. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology.
Madhani, P.M., 2021. Enhancing Retail Stores' Performance: Managing Compensation Costs
with Optimal Retail Workforce Sizing. IUP Journal of Business Strategy, 18(1).
Odekerken-Schröder, G., Mennens, K., Steins, M. and Mahr, D., 2021. The service triad: an
empirical study of service robots, customers and frontline employees. Journal of Service
Management.
Le, T.T., 2022. Corporate social responsibility and SMEs' performance: mediating role of
corporate image, corporate reputation and customer loyalty. International Journal of
Emerging Markets.
Abdelfadil, A.M., 2021. The Role of Service Quality Implementation on Customers
Satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, Sudan University of Science & Technology).
Mirzaei, S. and Shokouhyar, S., 2022. Applying a thematic analysis in identifying the role of
circular economy in sustainable supply chain practices. Environment, Development and
Sustainability, pp.1-32.
Pekkala, K. and van Zoonen, W., 2022. Work-related social media use: The mediating role of
social media communication self-efficacy. European Management Journal, 40(1),
pp.67-76.
Abou-Shouk, M., Gad, H.E. and Abdelhakim, A., 2021. Exploring customers’ attitudes to the
adoption of robots in tourism and hospitality. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology.
Dvorak, J., Komarkova, L. and Stehlik, L., 2021. The effect of the COVID-19 crisis on the
perception of digitisation in the purchasing process: customers and retailers
perspective. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies.
Ghimire, H. L., 2015. Disaster management and post-quake impact on tourism in Nepal. The
Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality. 7. pp. 37-57.
Hall, C. M., Prayag, G. and Amore, A., 2017. Tourism and resilience: Individual, organisational
and destination perspectives. Channel View Publications.
Hamarneh, I. and Jeřábek, P., 2018. The impact of the security situation on tourism in the
countries of the former Yugoslavia. Security & Future. 2(3). pp. 111-115.
Hoang, H., 2016. The Image of the San Francisco Bay Area as a Travel Destination for
International Students (Doctoral dissertation, California State Polytechnic University,
Pomona).
Hurriyati, R., 2015. An analysis of place branding to enhance the image of Bandung city and its
implications toward the decisions to visit tourism destination. SOSIOHUMANIKA, 8(1).
Kubanska, S., 2017. An Investigation Into The Motivations Of Visitors When Choosing A City
Shopping Break Destination: A Case Study Of Cardiff (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff
Metropolitan University).
Linden, H. and Linden, S., 2017. Fans and Tourism. In Fans and Fan Cultures. (pp. 105-129).
Palgrave Macmillan, London.
23
Paraphrase This Document
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Maher, K., 2019. An Investigation into Irish Luxury Travel Consumers and the Drivers that
motivate them to invest in Luxury Travel Experiences (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin,
National College of Ireland).
Mason, M. C., Gos, L. and Moretti, A., 2016. Motivations, perceived risk and behavioural
intentions in hard adventure tourism. A natural park case study. Sinergie Italian Journal
of Management. 100. (May-Aug).
Ahn, J., Shamim, A. and Park, J., 2021 Abou-Shouk, M., Gad, H.E. and Abdelhakim, A., 2021
Odekerken-Schröder, G., Mennens, K., Steins, M. and Mahr, D., 2021 Le, T.T., 2022 Abdelfadil,
A.M., 2021. Mirzaei, S. and Shokouhyar, S., 2022. Pekkala, K. and van Zoonen, W., 2022.
Abou-Shouk, M., Gad, H.E. and Abdelhakim, A., 2021 Dvorak, J., Komarkova, L. and Stehlik,
L., 2021 Ghimire, H. L., 2015 Hall, C. M., Prayag, G. and Amore, A., 2017 Hamarneh, I. and
Jeřábek, P., 2018 Kubanska, S., 2017 Linden, H. and Linden, S., 2017 Mason, M. C., Gos, L. and
Moretti, A., 2016. Madhani, P.M., 2021 Maher, K., 2019. Hoang, H., 2016 Hurriyati, R., 2015
24
motivate them to invest in Luxury Travel Experiences (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin,
National College of Ireland).
Mason, M. C., Gos, L. and Moretti, A., 2016. Motivations, perceived risk and behavioural
intentions in hard adventure tourism. A natural park case study. Sinergie Italian Journal
of Management. 100. (May-Aug).
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Odekerken-Schröder, G., Mennens, K., Steins, M. and Mahr, D., 2021 Le, T.T., 2022 Abdelfadil,
A.M., 2021. Mirzaei, S. and Shokouhyar, S., 2022. Pekkala, K. and van Zoonen, W., 2022.
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24
APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the sustainable hospitality development?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What are the ways to increase awareness about the sustainable hospitality industry?
a) Social media
b) Instagram
c) Twitter
Q3) How digital technology helps in sustainable tourism development in Royal Lancaster Hotel?
a) Awareness increments between people people
b) Huge amount of economic generation
c) Natural resources preservation for future purpose
Q4) What is the impact of crisis management on sustainable hospitality development in Royal
Lancaster Hotel?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q5) Does Digital technology is effective tool in increment of awareness about the Royal
Lancaster Hotel among visitors?
a) Yes
b) No
Q6) What are the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
a) Use of new technology in booking tickets
b) Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems
c) Integration of mobile app
d) Change the consumer buying behaviour
e) Industry growth
Q7) What is the importance of digital technology development for environment?
a) Improving infrastructure
b) Promoting community pride
25
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the sustainable hospitality development?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What are the ways to increase awareness about the sustainable hospitality industry?
a) Social media
b) Instagram
c) Twitter
Q3) How digital technology helps in sustainable tourism development in Royal Lancaster Hotel?
a) Awareness increments between people people
b) Huge amount of economic generation
c) Natural resources preservation for future purpose
Q4) What is the impact of crisis management on sustainable hospitality development in Royal
Lancaster Hotel?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q5) Does Digital technology is effective tool in increment of awareness about the Royal
Lancaster Hotel among visitors?
a) Yes
b) No
Q6) What are the benefits of new digital trends in hospitality organisations after COVID 19.
a) Use of new technology in booking tickets
b) Virtual Reality travel experience and booking systems
c) Integration of mobile app
d) Change the consumer buying behaviour
e) Industry growth
Q7) What is the importance of digital technology development for environment?
a) Improving infrastructure
b) Promoting community pride
25
c) Higher quality of life for local population
Q8) What are the recommendation in some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage
for company’s betterment?
a) To provide sanitized rooms
b) Easily Booking
c) To their customers up to date
Q9) What are the major initiatives that can support in reduction of risk that involved in
sustainable tourism?
a) Provide clear and honest crisis communication.
b) Support sustainable options in destinations.
c) Say no to illegal trade.
26
Q8) What are the recommendation in some changes for Royal Lancaster London and their usage
for company’s betterment?
a) To provide sanitized rooms
b) Easily Booking
c) To their customers up to date
Q9) What are the major initiatives that can support in reduction of risk that involved in
sustainable tourism?
a) Provide clear and honest crisis communication.
b) Support sustainable options in destinations.
c) Say no to illegal trade.
26
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