Role of Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Leadership in Reducing Staff Turnover: A Case Study of Hong Kong Airlines

Running head: DISSERTATION
A study of the role of motivation, job satisfaction and
leadership in reducing the rate of staff turnover. A
case of Hong Kong Airlines.
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1DISSERTATION
Acknowledgements
I have taken considerable efforts for this research paper. However, this would not have been
possible without the kind assistance and help of the different individuals as present in the
university. Through this, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them.
I am greatly indebted to (Name of your Organization Guide) for their assistance and continuous
help regarding the project and also the part played in completing the project. Additionally I
would like to thank my parents for their cooperation and encouragement throughout. I would
also like to thank the employees of the Hong Kong airlines for their valuable time.
Lastly, I would like to express my thanks to those who assisted me to develop the project and
help me with their abilities.

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Abstract
The human resource of any organization forms a considerably important part of the firm and with
respect to this, it becomes important for any firm to ensure that they will be able to provide
assistance to them. The project is aimed at analyzing the role of motivation, job satisfaction and
leadership in reducing the rate of staff turnover in the firm Hong Kong Airlines. The organization
was chosen because there had been reports stating that the firm was facing some problems with
respect to the employees. The first chapter is the introduction chapter which lays the background
of the study. This is followed by the study of Literature available in the second chapter. The
particular chapter studied the theories related to the Motivation, Leadership, Job satisfaction and
Employee turnover. The research methodology which was used for this chapter can be stated to
be the primary research approach whereby a survey was conducted amongst 100 employees of
the firm to gain an understanding of the scenario. Their responses have been analyzed
quantitatively using Regression analysis and descriptively as well. It was found that there exists a
strong relationship between the factors related to Leadership, Motivation, Job satisfaction and
Employee turnover. Hence, the dissertation provides certain recommendations with respect to the
manner in which the Hong Kong Airlines will be able to improve its overall working towards the
employees.

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................................................8
1.1 Overview of the Research....................................................................................................8
1.2 Background of the firm.....................................................................................................10
1.3 Research problems.............................................................................................................11
1.4 Research questions.............................................................................................................11
1.5 Research aims and objectives...........................................................................................12
1.6. Format of the study..........................................................................................................12
1.7 Summary............................................................................................................................13
Chapter 2: Literature Review....................................................................................................14
2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................14
2.2. Employee motivation in the organization.......................................................................14
Theories of Motivation............................................................................................................15
2.3 Job satisfaction in an organization...................................................................................23
Factors affecting job satisfaction........................................................................................24
2.4 Leadership in an organization..........................................................................................25
Factors affecting Leadership in a firm..............................................................................26
2.5 Staff turnover in a firm.....................................................................................................27
Factors affecting staff turnover..........................................................................................28
2.6 Contextual Relationship: Impact of employee motivation, leadership and satisfaction

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on staff turnover......................................................................................................................28
Chapter 3: Research methodology.............................................................................................32
Introduction to the chapter.........................................................................................................32
3.1 Research philosophy..........................................................................................................32
3.2 Research design..................................................................................................................33
3.3 Research approach............................................................................................................33
3.4 Research questions.................................................................................................................34
3.5 Data collection method.................................................................................................34
3.5.1 Sampling..........................................................................................................................35
3.5. 2 Research Administration...................................................................................................36
3.6 Data Analysis Method........................................................................................................37
3.7 Ethical issues, Reliability and Validity.............................................................................37
3.8 Foreseen limitations and Conclusions..............................................................................38
Chapter 4: Results analysis and findings...................................................................................39
4.1 Introduction: General findings........................................................................................39
4.2 Findings: Descriptive Statistics............................................................................................39
Job satisfaction aspects............................................................................................................42
Employee motivation aspects..................................................................................................46
Leadership aspects...................................................................................................................49
Turnover...................................................................................................................................53

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4. 3Findings Quantitative Analysis.........................................................................................56
Hypothesis................................................................................................................................57
Scales used for the research....................................................................................................58
4. 2 Regression Analysis...........................................................................................................58
4.4Conclusion...........................................................................................................................64
Chapter 5: Conclusion.................................................................................................................65
5.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................65
5.2 General Conclusions..........................................................................................................65
5.3 Conclusions for Surveys....................................................................................................66
5.4 Conclusions of the research process.................................................................................67
5.5 Recommendations..............................................................................................................67
References.....................................................................................................................................69
Appendix.......................................................................................................................................73

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List of figures
Figure 2.2: The Hierarchy of needs...............................................................................................17
Figure 2.3: The Herzberg’s theory.................................................................................................18
Figure 2.6: The contextual framework..........................................................................................29
Figure 4.2.1: The Age distribution.................................................................................................40
Figure 4.2.2 :The department distribution.....................................................................................41
Figure 4.2.3: The Gender distribution...........................................................................................41
Figure 4.2.4: The work experience of the respondents..................................................................42
Figure 4.2.5: The satisfaction level of the employees...................................................................43
Figure 4.2.6: The perception of the employees.............................................................................43
Figure 4.2.7: The satisfaction related to overall job environment.................................................44
Figure 4.2.8: The importance of employee opinion.......................................................................45
Figure 4.2.9: The stress level in the job.........................................................................................46
Figure 4.2.10: The top management towards employee motivation..............................................47
Figure 4.2.11:Motivation related to the incentives........................................................................48
Figure 4.2.12: Factors motivating the most...................................................................................48
Figure 4.2.13: The attitude of the senior managers.......................................................................49
Figure 4.2.14: The appreciation of the employees.........................................................................50
Figure 4.2.15: The qulity of leadership at the workplace..............................................................51
Figure 4.2.16: The mistreatement of the employees......................................................................52
Figure 4.2.17: The leadership style of the employees...................................................................52
Figure 4.2.18: Training for the job.................................................................................................53

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Figure 4.2.19: The career prospects for the employees.................................................................54
Figure 4.2.20: The treatement of all the members.........................................................................55