Drivers of Engagement Influencing Retention
Added on 2023-04-21
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Running head: DISSERTATION
Drivers of Engagement Influencing Retention
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:
Drivers of Engagement Influencing Retention
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:
1DISSERTATION
Acknowledgement
Thank you to all of those who have helped listened and encouraged me throughout this study. I
am indebted to my supervisor ......................... whose guidance, advice and patience have
been immeasurable. My sincere thanks to all members of the............... [Mention your
university/college name], both staff and students, whose continuous support have made this
thesis possible.
I would like to thank all of the participants in the study: students, teachers and Local Education
Authorities, for the time and help given throughout. Without their participation, this research
would not have been possible. In this context, I am also thankful to them, whose research work
helped me to execute this paper well.
Finally, I thank my family, without whom this thesis would not have been started or completed!
Your encouragement and support have never faltered; thank you.
Acknowledgement
Thank you to all of those who have helped listened and encouraged me throughout this study. I
am indebted to my supervisor ......................... whose guidance, advice and patience have
been immeasurable. My sincere thanks to all members of the............... [Mention your
university/college name], both staff and students, whose continuous support have made this
thesis possible.
I would like to thank all of the participants in the study: students, teachers and Local Education
Authorities, for the time and help given throughout. Without their participation, this research
would not have been possible. In this context, I am also thankful to them, whose research work
helped me to execute this paper well.
Finally, I thank my family, without whom this thesis would not have been started or completed!
Your encouragement and support have never faltered; thank you.
2DISSERTATION
Abstract
The aim of the research is to investigate the five drivers of employee engagement influencing
employee retention. The five drivers to be analyzed are perceptions of job importance, clarity of
job expectations, career advancement and improvement opportunities, regular feedback and
dialogue with superiors, and quality of working relationships with peers, superiors and
subordinates. Engaging the employees successfully is a major issue, as the employees tend to
lose their interest and concentration due to similar and monotonous nature of their work. Lack of
employee engagement results in increased employee turnover rate for the business organizations
due to which the productivity is hampered.
It is difficult for the business organization retain the employees due to which the business
organization loose qualified and skilful employees that serve as assets. Analyzing the impact of
five drivers of employee engagement on employee retention is important, as this enables to
identify the potential gap of of employee engagement on employee retention. Identifying the
issues in the five factors of employee engagement will help in assessing the relationship between
the five factors of employee engagement and employee retention thereby, mitigating the
challenges that are faced by the business organizations.
In order to complete this research, positivism philosophy, deductive approach, descriptive design
and survey research strategy has been used. In accordance with the aforementioned
methodological tools, the researcher has selected 120 employees has been selected as the sample
size by using random probability sampling technique. The employees have been selected as the
sample size as this has helped in understanding the key drivers of employee engagement that
influences employee retention. As a result, primary data collection process and quantitative data
Abstract
The aim of the research is to investigate the five drivers of employee engagement influencing
employee retention. The five drivers to be analyzed are perceptions of job importance, clarity of
job expectations, career advancement and improvement opportunities, regular feedback and
dialogue with superiors, and quality of working relationships with peers, superiors and
subordinates. Engaging the employees successfully is a major issue, as the employees tend to
lose their interest and concentration due to similar and monotonous nature of their work. Lack of
employee engagement results in increased employee turnover rate for the business organizations
due to which the productivity is hampered.
It is difficult for the business organization retain the employees due to which the business
organization loose qualified and skilful employees that serve as assets. Analyzing the impact of
five drivers of employee engagement on employee retention is important, as this enables to
identify the potential gap of of employee engagement on employee retention. Identifying the
issues in the five factors of employee engagement will help in assessing the relationship between
the five factors of employee engagement and employee retention thereby, mitigating the
challenges that are faced by the business organizations.
In order to complete this research, positivism philosophy, deductive approach, descriptive design
and survey research strategy has been used. In accordance with the aforementioned
methodological tools, the researcher has selected 120 employees has been selected as the sample
size by using random probability sampling technique. The employees have been selected as the
sample size as this has helped in understanding the key drivers of employee engagement that
influences employee retention. As a result, primary data collection process and quantitative data
3DISSERTATION
analysis technique has been used, as this allowed considering the viewpoints of the employees in
terms of numbers.
From the above regression analysis, it can be see that the value of R2 and adjusted R2 is .923
and .920 respectively. The ANOVA table shows that the p-value has come to .000, which is less
than 0.05. This indicates that the null hypothesis has been rejected and the alternate hypothesis
that has been taken up in the study has been accepted. Therefore, from the analysis, it can be
stated that the five drivers that is perception of job importance, clarity of job expectation, career
advancement and improvement opportunity, regular feedback and dialogue with superiors and
quality of working relationship creates an impact on the level of engagement of the employees
within the organization. It also increases the retention power of the organization so that the level
of productivity can be increased.
analysis technique has been used, as this allowed considering the viewpoints of the employees in
terms of numbers.
From the above regression analysis, it can be see that the value of R2 and adjusted R2 is .923
and .920 respectively. The ANOVA table shows that the p-value has come to .000, which is less
than 0.05. This indicates that the null hypothesis has been rejected and the alternate hypothesis
that has been taken up in the study has been accepted. Therefore, from the analysis, it can be
stated that the five drivers that is perception of job importance, clarity of job expectation, career
advancement and improvement opportunity, regular feedback and dialogue with superiors and
quality of working relationship creates an impact on the level of engagement of the employees
within the organization. It also increases the retention power of the organization so that the level
of productivity can be increased.
4DISSERTATION
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................9
1.0 Overview...........................................................................................................................9
1.1 Problem statement.................................................................................................................9
1.2 Research aim........................................................................................................................10
1.3 Research objectives.............................................................................................................10
1.4 Research questions...............................................................................................................10
1.5 Research hypothesis.............................................................................................................11
1.6 Research rationale................................................................................................................12
1.7 Structure of the dissertation.................................................................................................12
1.8 Summary..............................................................................................................................13
Chapter 2: Literature review..........................................................................................................14
2.0 Overview..............................................................................................................................14
2.1 Concept of employee engagement.......................................................................................14
2.2 Factors affecting employee engagement.............................................................................14
2.2.1 Perceptions of job importance......................................................................................15
2.2.2 Clarity of job expectations............................................................................................15
2.2.3 Career advancement and improvement opportunities..................................................15
2.2.4 Regular feedback and dialogue with superiors.............................................................16
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................9
1.0 Overview...........................................................................................................................9
1.1 Problem statement.................................................................................................................9
1.2 Research aim........................................................................................................................10
1.3 Research objectives.............................................................................................................10
1.4 Research questions...............................................................................................................10
1.5 Research hypothesis.............................................................................................................11
1.6 Research rationale................................................................................................................12
1.7 Structure of the dissertation.................................................................................................12
1.8 Summary..............................................................................................................................13
Chapter 2: Literature review..........................................................................................................14
2.0 Overview..............................................................................................................................14
2.1 Concept of employee engagement.......................................................................................14
2.2 Factors affecting employee engagement.............................................................................14
2.2.1 Perceptions of job importance......................................................................................15
2.2.2 Clarity of job expectations............................................................................................15
2.2.3 Career advancement and improvement opportunities..................................................15
2.2.4 Regular feedback and dialogue with superiors.............................................................16
5DISSERTATION
2.2.5 Quality of working relationships with peers, superiors, and subordinates...................16
2.3 Self-determination theory of employee engagement...........................................................17
2.4 Impact of employee perception of job importance on employee retention.........................17
2.5 Impact of clarity of job expectations on employee retention..............................................18
2.6 Impact of regular feedback and dialogue with superiors on employee retention................18
2.7 Impact of career advancement and improvement opportunities on employee retention.....19
2.8 Impact of quality of working relationships with peers, superiors, and subordinates on
employee retention.....................................................................................................................19
2.9 Challenges encountered in ensuring employee engagement...............................................19
2.10 Concept of employee retention..........................................................................................20
2.11 Factors affecting employee retention.................................................................................20
2.11.1 Work schedule flexibility...........................................................................................21
2.11.2 Health and wellness benefits......................................................................................21
2.11.3 Rewards and recognition............................................................................................21
2.11.4 Personal development.................................................................................................21
2.11.5 Motivation and engagement.......................................................................................22
2.12 Benefits of employee retention..........................................................................................22
2.13 Challenges faced in employee retention............................................................................22
2.14 Summary............................................................................................................................23
Chapter 3: Research methodology.................................................................................................24
2.2.5 Quality of working relationships with peers, superiors, and subordinates...................16
2.3 Self-determination theory of employee engagement...........................................................17
2.4 Impact of employee perception of job importance on employee retention.........................17
2.5 Impact of clarity of job expectations on employee retention..............................................18
2.6 Impact of regular feedback and dialogue with superiors on employee retention................18
2.7 Impact of career advancement and improvement opportunities on employee retention.....19
2.8 Impact of quality of working relationships with peers, superiors, and subordinates on
employee retention.....................................................................................................................19
2.9 Challenges encountered in ensuring employee engagement...............................................19
2.10 Concept of employee retention..........................................................................................20
2.11 Factors affecting employee retention.................................................................................20
2.11.1 Work schedule flexibility...........................................................................................21
2.11.2 Health and wellness benefits......................................................................................21
2.11.3 Rewards and recognition............................................................................................21
2.11.4 Personal development.................................................................................................21
2.11.5 Motivation and engagement.......................................................................................22
2.12 Benefits of employee retention..........................................................................................22
2.13 Challenges faced in employee retention............................................................................22
2.14 Summary............................................................................................................................23
Chapter 3: Research methodology.................................................................................................24
6DISSERTATION
3.0 Overview..............................................................................................................................24
3.1 Research outline...................................................................................................................24
3.2 Research philosophy............................................................................................................25
3.2.1 Giving reasons for using positivism philosophy..........................................................25
3.3 Research approach...............................................................................................................26
3.3.1 Giving reasons for using deductive approach...............................................................26
3.4 Research design...................................................................................................................27
3.4.1 Giving reasons for using descriptive design.................................................................27
3.5 Research strategy.................................................................................................................28
3.5.1 Giving reasons for using survey research strategy.......................................................29
3.5.2 Questionnaire................................................................................................................29
3.5.3 Questionnaire development..........................................................................................29
3.6 Target population and sampling..........................................................................................30
3.6.1 Giving reasons for using random probability sampling technique...............................30
3.7 Data collection process........................................................................................................30
3.7.1 Giving reasons for using primary data collection process............................................31
3.8 Data analysis technique.......................................................................................................31
3.8.1 Giving reasons for using quantitative data analysis technique.....................................31
3.8.2 Pilot testing...................................................................................................................32
3.9 Ethical considerations..........................................................................................................32
3.0 Overview..............................................................................................................................24
3.1 Research outline...................................................................................................................24
3.2 Research philosophy............................................................................................................25
3.2.1 Giving reasons for using positivism philosophy..........................................................25
3.3 Research approach...............................................................................................................26
3.3.1 Giving reasons for using deductive approach...............................................................26
3.4 Research design...................................................................................................................27
3.4.1 Giving reasons for using descriptive design.................................................................27
3.5 Research strategy.................................................................................................................28
3.5.1 Giving reasons for using survey research strategy.......................................................29
3.5.2 Questionnaire................................................................................................................29
3.5.3 Questionnaire development..........................................................................................29
3.6 Target population and sampling..........................................................................................30
3.6.1 Giving reasons for using random probability sampling technique...............................30
3.7 Data collection process........................................................................................................30
3.7.1 Giving reasons for using primary data collection process............................................31
3.8 Data analysis technique.......................................................................................................31
3.8.1 Giving reasons for using quantitative data analysis technique.....................................31
3.8.2 Pilot testing...................................................................................................................32
3.9 Ethical considerations..........................................................................................................32
7DISSERTATION
3.10 Limitations.........................................................................................................................33
3.11 Summary............................................................................................................................33
Chapter 4: Findings and discussion...............................................................................................35
4.0 Introduction..........................................................................................................................35
4.1 Correlation analysis.............................................................................................................35
4.2 Perception of job importance...............................................................................................36
4.3 Clarity of job expectations...................................................................................................37
4.4 Career advancement/improvement opportunities................................................................39
4.5 Regular feedback and dialogue with superiors....................................................................41
4.6 Quality of working relationships with peers, superiors, and subordinates..........................43
4.7 Regression analysis..............................................................................................................44
4.8 Summary..............................................................................................................................45
Chapter 5: Conclusion and recommendations...............................................................................47
5.1 Conceptual framework.........................................................................................................47
5.2 Implications of the research.................................................................................................47
5.3 Investigation of objectives and limitations..........................................................................51
5.4 Recommendations for future research.................................................................................52
References......................................................................................................................................54
Appendices....................................................................................................................................62
Appendix 1.................................................................................................................................62
3.10 Limitations.........................................................................................................................33
3.11 Summary............................................................................................................................33
Chapter 4: Findings and discussion...............................................................................................35
4.0 Introduction..........................................................................................................................35
4.1 Correlation analysis.............................................................................................................35
4.2 Perception of job importance...............................................................................................36
4.3 Clarity of job expectations...................................................................................................37
4.4 Career advancement/improvement opportunities................................................................39
4.5 Regular feedback and dialogue with superiors....................................................................41
4.6 Quality of working relationships with peers, superiors, and subordinates..........................43
4.7 Regression analysis..............................................................................................................44
4.8 Summary..............................................................................................................................45
Chapter 5: Conclusion and recommendations...............................................................................47
5.1 Conceptual framework.........................................................................................................47
5.2 Implications of the research.................................................................................................47
5.3 Investigation of objectives and limitations..........................................................................51
5.4 Recommendations for future research.................................................................................52
References......................................................................................................................................54
Appendices....................................................................................................................................62
Appendix 1.................................................................................................................................62
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