Difference between classful and classless addressing in IPV4

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1. Difference between classful addressing and classless addressing in IPV4.
Classful addressing make use of classes in allocating IP address. It is divided into 5 classes
where only three of the classes are mainly used. Each class has a fixed number of blocks which
have a fixed number of IP addresses (Tomsho, 2016). In classless addressing there is no
predefined number of network id and any number of bits can be used as network ID
2. Reason why most of class A address are wasted and why most organization don’t want
a block C class.
Class A has an eight bit prefix meaning it had more than 16 million address. The number of the
address is too big to be used for one organization and the remaining addresses could not be
allocated to other organization because there network belongs to another organization (Charles,
2015). Most organization opt to not to use class C because of its small number of address. Class
C has 255 address which is too small for large organization with more than 255 computers.
3. What is a mask
A mask is a 32 bit IP address which divides the IP address into two IP address the network
address and the host address each having defined number of bits (Tomsho, 2016).
4. What is network address? And how can we find a network address if one of the address
in the block is known
Network address is part of an IP address used to identify the network where the computer
assigned the address is located. The network address communicate with all networks connected
to a single network. Network address is found by ANDing the mask and the IP address (Tomsho,
2016).
5. What is Subnetting and how does subnet mask differ from default mask
Subnetting a way of dividing large network into small logical networks (Charles, 2015). Subnet
mask is used to differentiate the network part and the host part of the IP address and has
consecutive 1s bits which are more than those of default mask.
6. What is NAT and how can NAT help in IP depletion
NAT stand for Network Address Translation and mostly it is used in routers to translate set of IP
address to another set of IP address. Due to limited number of public IP address NAT can be
used to translate the private IP address to public IP addresses to prevent public IP exhaustion.
7. Difference between a connectionless and connection oriented services
Connection-oriented services are service that establish a connection before the data is sent to its
destination (Charles, 2015). This kind of protocols are designed to provide a reliable
communication in a complex internetworks (Tomsho, 2016). In connectionless the data are sent
to destination end without establishing a connection (Charles, 2015). Connectionless service are
designed to provide an efficient communication of data (Tomsho, 2016).