Theories, Principles and Models in Education and Training

This presentation explores the different theories, principles and models in education and training. It covers communication theories such as Berne, Vygotsky and Piaget, different modes of communication, and strengths and weaknesses of each method. It also discusses assessment methods such as initial assessment, diagnostic assessment, and formative feedback, and analyzes their strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, it covers curriculum development theories and models such as behavioristic theory, humanistic theory, learner-centered theory, and product-based theory. Finally, it explains how these theories and models can be applied in your area of specialism.

Theories Principles and Models
in Education and Training

Introduction
• From the education department and their different techniques of distribution of
training is most essential to learning various things for career as well as impressive
personality development.
• Educators applies best practices to resolve problems of individual and continuously
motivating them to develop skills and continues improvement development (Boon,
2021).
• When I was in school I always believe sin participate in competition, class activities,
cultural function and many more so when i participate in educational event my
teacher told me that its essential participate in this event so I prepares presentation
and then I present my presentation within so many people. My teacher guides that
presentation was good but the major issue is communication and proper explanation
which reduce marks.

2.1 What are Communication Theories such as Berne
• • Transactional analysis: It useful for provide information that
communicate with society different people, evaluate and identified their way
of communication.
• Vygotsky communication theory: Communication is tool which useful for
develops attraction between so many people, because different and polite
communication always creates and provides good result. On the basis of this
theory they mainly says that interact with different people and listen their
view point and share views is effective practice because it provides idea to
resolve issues and maintain good relation (Hagiwara and et.al., 2020).
• Piaget will probably be one of those tools that can be ensured as a part of
teaching. It will bring in all the models that serves the purpose of teaching.

Communication- Whole class
• Communication can be done through the whole class when there is a prominence
of criteria that I need to come up with in order to explain my scenario to people in
the classroom or an educational institution.
• Communication is like the voice that is added to the feeling that is to be conveyed.
• There are different modes of communication that have to be followed in order to
make sure that whole class is communicated and the teacher in this regard will
also find the prominent means of encroaching upon the thoughts as well as actions
in order to educate people (Hagiwara, and et.al., 2020).
• The activities in order to bring about communication are the sources of platforms
that are being used by teachers to get communicated with people like that of teams
where everybody is being present in one particular channel.

Communication – 1-2-1
• The strengths that are in regard to this particular aspect is that person's
relationships and interactions can be maintained on a due basis. The weakness
that is in this regard is that when observation is not in then a person might
easily get distracted and will not be able to communicate properly.
• One to one: one to one teaching is essential for people who are not so active
and are the late learners. This might sometimes be applicable to people in
order to make sure that they are keen and focus (Maguire and Delahunt, 2017).
• The strengths that are in regard to this particular aspect is that it is easily
understandable. The weaknesses that are into this is that many people are not
in a stage of grabbing the orientation and that might be a difficulty.

2.1 Analyse theories, principles and models of communication.
What theory /
principle/
model?
Strengths Weaknesses
transactional
analysis - Berne
Maintain autonomy More criticism and less justification
Piaget stages of
development –
Promotes learning experience Cultural and social influence is
more
Role of language
- Vygotsky
Transmission of information Cultural influences dominate
Whole class
teaching
Foster knowledge Independent completion of tasks
will sometimes be difficult
One to One
Teaching
Helps to imbibe subject in a
good orientation
Time consuming where there will
be a burden on the tutor

2.2 Examples of using it as
teacher
• The teachers in this regard will have to make sure that their prominence in
bringing about communication will have to ensure that a proper behaviour of the
individual will have to be maintained.
• An example, is that when teacher is showing interest to one person then obviously
there will be a factor of ego that is being portrayed and reflected over the other
person.
• This will have to be maintained. The communication will have to be such that
there will be nice barriers as well as the prominent shouting that is being taken
care about by the teacher (Raiola, 2017).
• I feel that the teacher can show the prototype of every model such that it will
stand as a reference to all the information that will have to be enhanced.

3.1 How will you Assess
Students?
• Validity: I will deal with the evaluating the measures and check every subject of the
assessment to make sure that it is valid.
• Authenticity: I would move ahead in cross checking the formulations that will make
the entire information and the theories involves as confirmatory methods.
• Currency: in order to check if some old data is used I would process the assessment
to check with the help of online tools (Xu and et.al, 2020)
• Sufficient: evidences are a must in order to identify the data that is to be
incorporated and therefore I will manage to bring that in
• Reliability: It is a must to make sure that the data is reliable and therefore to
maintain the standards of reliability I would refer the information with the
appropriate means to make it count.

How will I ensure all the assessments are Valid,
Authentic, Current and Sufficient.
• Listening preparation and also the prospect of agreeing to
goals are all brought forth with respect to the group
communication model.
• Since teacher will have to move ahead in giving the open
feedback which are necessary for people to incorporate
therefore this experience can also be supportive in there
listening skills (Grüne and et.al, 2020).

3.1 How does Formative Feedback
fit into Assessment?
• In this particular method there is a prior knowledge that will have to be undertaken such
that the information that is in regard to the selection of students is also carry forward in a
beginner level. This is a course where the qualification is a requirement and the students
are more enthusiastic in deriving the further courses. The necessary initial assessment
that are put forth in order to increase efficiency of a new study is being foster (Sermet and
Demir, 2020).
• Diagnostic assessment: it is known to be one of the understanding of a lecture that is
revolving around the opportunities that are known to be delivered by the tutor. Students in
this regard are brought about by the strategies as well as the learning and training
processes in a more diagnostic manner. This will also add additional support the entire
assessment. The students weaknesses and strengths are mostly cashed and also the play
role in highlighting the proprietary strategies as well as the qualifications of case study to
deal with continuous assessments.

3.1 Analyse different types of Assessments with Strengths and Weaknesses
Methods of Assessment Strengths Weaknesses
1. Initial Assessment and
Diagnostic assessment.
Strengthens the prospect
of learning
Sometimes takes a huge of
time to get initiated
2. Formative Feedback
Black and Wiliam and
Hattie using Kahoot,
project tasks…
Helps to identify
drawbacks
Sometimes people might
be stressed and cannot get
over
3. What else would YOU
do?
Medals and missions
( Geoff Petty)
Increases capability to
achieve more
Sometimes people will only
adjust to that fact and
might not strive across

3.2 Principles of Assessments in
delivering HNC in Business
• Curriculum: it is the process of dealing with the
extravagant measures that will bring in the study course.
• It is eventually determined by the authority that will
distinguish the probable measures in the study (Dorofeeva
and et.al, 2019).
• It will help people to get oriented with the right knowledge.
• I go with an interactive approach in order to deal with the
courses.

What is curriculum
• The special curriculum that is prepared in order to bring in the
optimum development of HND marketing is one of the criteria
that would reflect over the area of specialisation.
• The learner development and improvement are the two essential
factors in order to make sure that the right amount of knowledge
is being initiated (Chae, 2018).
• The curriculum will have to be developed in order to ensure the
fact that the needs as well as the learner development criteria
will have to be improved upon proper note and terms.

4.1 Analyse theories and models of
curriculum and development
There are various theories that will fall in regard to the model of
Curriculum and development. This is because there are
important factors that will have to be highlighted in order to
deal with the curriculum and development the processes (Orser
and et.al, 2019). The different theories as well as a humanistic
behaviour that identified in this regard as follows:
• The behavioristic theory: this particular theory will aim for a
good performance with respect to simple tasks that are given
to people while in teaching prospects.

4.1 Analyse theories and models of curriculum and development
Methods of curriculum and
development
Strengths Weaknesses
Humanist – Rogers and
Maslow
Self-actualization is
fostered
Does not show any
response but makes one to
pick conduct
Behaviourist – Skinner,
Watson
Results are reliable Brings in the most out of
impossibility
Cognitive – Piaget, Gardner Foster motivation that is an
important criteria
Effects child’s mental
health sometimes

4.1 Analyse theories and models of curriculum and development continued
Methods of curriculum and
development
Strengths Weaknesses
Learner Centred – Dewey
Stenhouse and Tyler
Provides powerful learning
experience
Lacks in sources and
resources
Product Based Strengthens the approach
of all the product choices
Limited to only stipulated
products and resources
Pyramid or spiral - Bloom Gives foundational
knowledge
Learning experiences are
just limited to a particular
entity

4.2 Explain ways in which theories and
models of curriculum development can be
applied in own area of specialism.
• The special curriculum that is prepared in order to bring in the optimum
development of HND marketing is one of the criteria that would reflect
over the area of specialisation.
• The learner development and improvement are the two essential factors in
order to make sure that the right amount of knowledge is being initiated
(Orser and et.al, 2019).
• The HND marketing course is brought forth in this regard.
• The curriculum will have to be developed in order to ensure the fact that
the needs as well as the learner development criteria will have to be
improved upon proper note and terms.

Summary
• Feature will have to be able to solve the problematic situations with the right amount
of dates and also they will have to bring about the conceptualization in understanding
on a more appropriate note. Student will have to be provided with an example of
different agreements such that they can easily inculcate the process of learning.
• This is because it is not until when a complete understanding is being fostered in the
midst of students that they can help to deal with the model of any assessment.
• Vocabulary lesson will have to be provided to students before dealing with any
particular activity or assessment. This is because the learning process will start only
with the prominent understanding and this vocabulary teaching and training
processes will formulate the sense of understanding and also be able to solve the
assessment criteria on a very particular note.

References
• Boon, 2021. A Review Of The Management Theory For Special Education Task Load
Perspective. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT). 12(11).
pp.5234-5238.
• Hagiwara, and et.al., 2020. Development of the Self-Determined Learning Model of
Instruction Coaching Model: Implications for Research and Practice. Grantee Submission.
55(1). pp.17-27.
• Maguire and Delahunt, 2017. Doing a thematic analysis: A practical, step-by-step guide for
learning and teaching scholars. All Ireland Journal of Higher Education, 9(3).
• Raiola, 2017. Motor learning and teaching method. Journal of Physical Education and Sport,
17, pp.2239-2243.
• Xu and et.al, 2020. Dynamic opposite learning enhanced teaching–learning-based
optimization. Knowledge-Based Systems, 188, p.104966.

References
• Grüne and et.al, 2020. What do we know about physical activity interventions in vocational
education and training? A systematic review. BMC public health, 20(1), pp.1-12.
• Dorofeeva and et.al, 2019, May. Trends in digitalization of education and training for
industry 4.0 in the Russian Federation. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and
Engineering (Vol. 537, No. 4, p. 042070). IOP Publishing.
• Chae, 2018. Study on firefighting education and training applying virtual reality. Fire
Science and Engineering. 32(1). pp.108-115.
• Orser and et.al, 2019. Technology adoption and gender-inclusive entrepreneurship
education and training. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship.
• Sermet and Demir, 2020. Virtual and augmented reality applications for environmental
science education and training. In New Perspectives on Virtual and Augmented Reality (pp.
261-275). Routledge.