Emergence of Novel Pathogens Sustainability Assessment

EMERGENCE OF NOVEL PATHOGENS
SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT
Introduction
Nowadays, the phrase "sustainability assessment"(SA) is used frequently to refer to a wide
range of methods intended to operationalize sustainability ideas for decision-making, primarily
within but also outside governments. Several methodologies can be used within a SA, which
is created to establish a logic sequence within an analytical and decision-making process[1].
To analyze sustainability, there isn't a single, widely used approach. One of the most common
approaches used in many countries is Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA).
Steps in is Environmental Impact Assessments
1. Screening
2. Scoping
3. Evaluation
4. Impact Prediction
5. Mitigation
Screening
A quick examination of a policy proposal to find major conflicts between economic,
environmental, and social aspects that call for an Environmental Impact Assessment.

Scoping
It is done to identify the impact or the issue that is going to be assessed. In this report we assess
Economic(Tourism) and Social Impact(Mortality rate) due to pandemic. Here recent pandemic,
Covid-19, is considered for assessment.
Evaluation
This assessment is done for the Society, Environment and Economic Criteria. The assessment
of Impact Level is based data collected on the Covid-19 and previous pandemics.
Impact on Economy (Tourism)
The sector which got affected the most during the Covid Pandemic and will in any pandemic
is Tourism. Tourism expenditures in both developed and developing countries demand 30% of
professional and unskilled labour, according to the GTAP, which is Global Trade Analysis
Project for Travel sector. Travel and Tourism sector influences social and economic progress
in any country[2]. Labor, agricultural products(food and drink), transportation, and housing are
just a few of the industries that tourism indirectly affects.

In tourist regions where the flow of people was seriously hampered, emergency procedures
were put in place[3]. According to the UN World Tourism Organization, visits by foreign
tourists decreased by 72% between January 2020 and October 2020. About ten times as much
harm caused in 2009 during the economic crisis[4].
The tourism industries of all the constituents are touched by this conundrum. The outbreak has
decreased domestic travel to an all-time high. In 2020, it was estimated that India's tourist
industry will lose INR 1.25 trillion because of hotel and aviation sector closures.
Impact on Society (Mortality)
During Covid-19, the number of positive coronavirus strains had rapidly increased over the
entire world. The risk this posed to people and other living things was significant. As young
people were given increasing preference over elderly people, several groups are fighting for