Endocrine System and Diabetes Management

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND
DIABETES
Presented by

• The following presentation aims to analyze a
case study of a 8-year old girl suffering from
Type-1 Diabetes.
• The presentation will initiate medication
management of Daisy followed by nursing
process associated with Type 1 Diabetes
Management and Family Education

Medications prescribed to Daisy Miller
• 8u NPH (neutral protamine Hagedorn) Insulin
BID
• Novolin Regular BID

Rational of Medication
• NPH is intermediate acting insulin. It helps in decrease in the
blood glucose level of patients with type 1Diabetes Mellitus.
Daisy was administered with NPH insulin as her HbA1c is at
margin (5.2%). It will help to reduce the level of insulin in blood
at the normal range (Ahmad, 2014)
References
Ahmad, K. (2014). Insulin sources and types: a review of insulin in
terms of its mode on diabetes mellitus. Journal of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, 34(2), 234-237.

Rational of Medication
• According to Ahmad (2014), NPH insulin works best when it
is administered with rapid-acting monomeric analogue
insulin.
• Novolin regular is rapid-acting monomeric analogue insulin.
It will help to reduce the random blood glucose level of Daisy
(22.3 mmol/L while the normal range is 4.4 to 7.8 mmol/L)
References
Ahmad, K. (2014). Insulin sources and types: a review of insulin
in terms of its mode on diabetes mellitus. Journal of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, 34(2), 234-237.

Mode of Action of Insulin
• Insulin once in blood binds to alpha subunit of glycoprotein receptor
on the surface of the cell
• Insulin bound glyco-protein receptor is stimulated by insulin at the
beta subunit of the receptor
• This lead to receptor activation followed by receptor tyrosine kinase
activity at the downstream
• The activation of receptor leads to uptake of glucose molecule in
blood inside the cells (Pernicova & Korbonits, 2014)
References
Pernicova, I., & Korbonits, M. (2014). Metformin—mode of action and
clinical implications for diabetes and cancer. Nature Reviews
Endocrinology, 10(3), 143.