Climate Change: A Review of the Current Trends and Major Environmental Effects

Running head: ENERGY
Energy
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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The overview of the future climate trends
The chosen country for this paper is United Kingdom. The purpose of this paper is to
evaluate the different scenario regarding the climate change in this country. The climate change
has led to many impacts in this world. The different sectors will be in deep problem indeed.
United Kingdom is a country in Europe so the general climate is obviously like the other
countries in Europe. There have been many protests and controversies about the climate in the
country like UK.1 The climate committee in the country has developed many important policies
and frameworks that will be effective to cope up with the changing climate factors. The
greenhouse gas emissions have been very important in the modern context. It is estimated by
European Union that the emission rates should be reduced to a moderate level so the
environment can be saved from the decay.2 The technical possibilities will have to be increased
properly as well. The UK Government will look to decrease the carbon emissions because it is
very much harmful for the health of the common people. The carbon emission levels will have to
be reduced to a greater level by the end of 2050. As of 2080, they should eye for coping up with
more environmental problems on the whole.3
1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate change 2014: mitigation of climate change. Vol. 3.
Cambridge University Press, 2015.
2 Collins, Matthew, et al. "Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility." (2013).
3 Bellard, Céline, et al. "Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity." Ecology letters 15.4 (2012): 365-
377.

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It has been reported that the carbon emission have been around 35% in the year 1994 and
it rose up to 67% in the year 2004. One of the major reasons for this is the transport facilities.
Some sectors have been affected by the climate changes very badly.4 These are the power and
energy, transport, land transport, agriculture and other things. The Government bodies and their
experts are trying their best to cope up with the degradation in the environment. It has been noted
that the entire world is taking the actions to combat the climate change indeed. As the carbon
prices will likely to rise, the cost of restricting those gases will increase as well. This is why it is
extremely important to begin the process from here on. There are some important things that
have to be taken care of in the coming years. As the year 2080 is to be projected, some major
steps should be taken according to some variables.
The mean air temperature will change in the entire country as a result of the global
warming. The mean temperature in winter can be estimated up to 2 and 3 degrees. The changes
will be maximum in the South East and minor changes will take place in the North West zone in
the country. The mean air temperature in the sea areas will feel its greatest impact indeed. The
emission rates will be higher than ever during that time. The climate changes will be major in the
southern regions and minor in the northern regions as well.5 This will happen because of the
proximity of the open seas and oceans in the south. The natural variability in the climate is very
huge.6 There will be changes in precipitation as well in UK as well. It can be expected by 2080
4 Hansen, James, et al. "Assessing “dangerous climate change”: required reduction of carbon emissions to protect
young people, future generations and nature." PloS one 8.12 (2013): e81648
5 Schuur, E. A. G., et al. "Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback." Nature 520.7546 (2015): 171-179.
6 Mitsch, William J., et al. "Wetlands, carbon, and climate change." Landscape Ecology 28.4 (2013): 583-597.

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that the climate will become wetter indeed. The rates of precipitation can grow up from 10% to
30%. The precipitation will increase in the higher regions for different reasons. It is also
expected that the summer seasons will become drier indeed.7 A southern to northern gradient will
be there and the decrease can be found in South West of England up to 40%. However, the
annual precipitation levels will not change that much indeed. This will be an important factor in
the climate change.8
Discussion of key risks and opportunities
The entire natural environment will feel to be in a great crisis because of the climate
change effects. The climate changes have led a huge impact on the natural systems in many
countries. It has been noted that the changes in the precipitation rates of the melting and snow
and ice have left an indelible mark indeed. It has affected the resources of water in many
countries; the hydrological activities are hampered as well. The seasonal activities in UK will be
hampered as well. Some important issues that can be taken in consideration are the geographic
issues, patterns in migration process, interactions between different species and many other
things. These things indeed are very important because the climate change can be very fatal for
some creatures and the geographic factors. The impact will be negative on various factors like
the seasonal crops in UK. Agriculture will suffer a lot indeed. The sector that should be focused
7 Houghton, Richard A., et al. "Carbon emissions from land use and land-cover change." Biogeosciences 9.12
(2012): 5125-5142.
8 Pindyck, Robert S. "Climate change policy: What do the models tell us?." Journal of Economic
Literature 51.3 (2013): 860-72.