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Environmental Issues in Nepal - PDF

   

Added on  2021-06-16

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Student detailsEmail id:BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONEnvironmental issues in Nepal

B u s i n e s s C o m m u n i c a ti o n P a g e | 1IntroductionNepal is a country which is full of natural beauty and it is renowned by its natural resources suchas rivers, waterfalls, flora and mountain peaks. All the natural resources found there are slowlyfacing towards overexploitation. Undiminished use for the growth and development for hydro-electricity and irrigation, construction of road, agriculture and agro based industries,telecommunication and urbanization have created the tremendous imbalance in the entire ecosystem. A complete solution is needed that must include the environmental guidelines andpolicies in order to reduce the effects on the environment which fallouts from such huge growths.The existing crucial environmental issues and obstacles that exist in the country Nepal arementioned below. One of the major issue is the Population Growth and Migration.The fundamental issue that exists in Nepal is the growing population and the migration. Thepopulation of Nepal is increasing by 2.6% per year. In addition to this, the population of Nepalmigrates from the Trans-Himalayan region, from the mountains and from India as well to theTerai region. This can cause a terrible and tremendous pressure and stress on the land and otherareas as well. This has also caused huge violation on the existing areas and forests of Nepal. So,eradicate such big issue, a national policy must be made and implemented as soon as possible inorder to reduce the uncontrollable growing population and relocation, so that the worsening ofthe entire atmosphere generated by the growing inhabitants can be reduced to some extent(Bardsley and Hugo, 2010).Another issue is Deforestation and its end resultsDeforestation takes place on a great and huge gauge and at a hastening rate, especially in theTerai areas up into the higher moderate climatic region. Deforestation generates serious issues ofsoil erosion majorly found on the hills, mountains and vertical topographies. This leads to speedyrun-off leads to the scarcity of water, floods and devastation as an outcome in the Terai region.According to Donner in the year 1972, it was stated that this may result in the desertification inthe country slowly and gradually. The problem of desertification is also found in some Africanand other countries as well (Conrad and Hilchey, 2011). The logically gentle, lengthy run off of atimbered region, becomes below the hefty rainfall of the monsoon majorly in the deforested

B u s i n e s s C o m m u n i c a ti o n P a g e | 2region, drenching, and distended, fast-flowing rivers. For the period of dry season, the resourcesof water which are dispersed in the monsoon season are not sufficient because the watersequences dry up and the accessibility of water is minimized. The speedy run-off transmitvaluable Nepalese top soil which is further exported to India as well as Bangladesh without anyfee for the compensation and there, not often, minimizing the production of crops by siltation.The huge number of livestock in the country is reducing from time to time. This has taken placejust because of the inaccessibility of food which is produced due to weighty cropping and thecontinuous hacking of the forests. The attack of the weed named “ban Mara” (Eupatorium adenophorum) converted into exposedand troubled regions of the forest is later restricting cattle browsing. In the current scenario, thefecund capability of the arable land in Terai as well in hilly region has reduced as the fertileuppermost soil slips away and the usage of cattle mucks for composting and manure is decreasedas the number of cattle is reducing day by day. As an outcome, people living in the country arestressed and pressurized to clear all the forest regions (Middleton, 2013).Another issue of Drinking water and SanitationThe solution to the problem related to drinking water and Sanitation is still unacceptable. Only11% of the entire inhabitants obtains piped drinking water which has been claimed according tothe National Planning Commission. The excellence of the drinking water majorly in theKathmandu is facing a huge loss. It was found that the drinking water is highly contaminated andit contains coliform bacteria specially Escherichia coli. This pollution can easily be found toinefficient process of water and its treatment at the water reservoirs. Nepal’s Department of SoilConservation and Watershed Management have planned to take the important corrective actionsteps in order to preserve the barren and forest land of the country which is diminishing day byday. They have motivated community afforestation agendas such as soil protection, floodcontrol, and cropland loss protection schemes. There is nevertheless, still there is a huge demandfor additional growth and development of supplementary complete practices and policies for theenvironment protection (Malhotra, 2010). Plantation of pine might have the environmental limitation, but from the look out of afforestationthere are quick advantages as well. Pines grow very fast and they do not require too much careand they help in protecting the soil from the unnecessary pressure of heavy rainfall. On the

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