Types of Epidemiology Study: Classification, Advantages, and Disadvantages

Running head: Epidemiology 0
19
Title: Epidemiology

Epidemiology 1
Table of Contents
Research Articles........................................................................................................ 1
Classification of Epidemiology Study:................................................................................. 22
Difference between Association and Causations:....................................................................26
Statistical and Public Health Significance............................................................................. 31
Statistical Analysis and Peer Review...................................................................................32
Reporting on Studies: Some Helpful factors:.........................................................................32
Conclusion:.................................................................................................................. 33
References................................................................................................................... 34

Epidemiology 2
Research Articles
Article 1- RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Discussion- A random trial was performed on African American population as most of the old age people
of that place were infected or can say suffering from Hypertension. It was single-blind trial for 3 months.
At that place almost 213 people were kept under investigation including men and women out of which
127 person were found with diastolic pressure of 90-110mm Hg. The secondary observation was
performed for the blood pressure or the fluctuation in the blood pressure. Two techniques of
Transcendental Meditation were performed on the people of African American and the obtained results
were much better than muscle relaxation. This process helps those people and there was a lot of change in
their suffering of hypertension the main role of discussion was about the trail performed on mental and
physical techniques to reduce hypertension. It was a short time process to identify the problem of
hypertension in people.
Image Source: (RCT case study , 2019)

Epidemiology 3
This paper discussed several key points of RCT with specific importance of results. There are lots of
errors found but most of them are due to bias, confounding and chance linked with the health services
research.
Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist for RCT:-
Question1. Did the practice results the exact concern?
Yes
No
Cannot be answered
Question2. Was the assignment of infected to randomized?
Yes
No
Cannot be answered
Question.3 Were all of the patients who entered the trial properly accounted for at its conclusion?
Yes
` No
Cannot be answered

Epidemiology 4
Question4. Were patients, health workers and study personnel ‘blind’ to treatment?
Yes
No
Cannot be answered
Question5. Were the groups similar at the start of the trial?
Yes
No
Cannot be answered
Question6. Aside from the experimental intervention, were the groups treated equally?
Yes
No
Cannot be answered

Epidemiology 5
Question7. How large was the treatment effect?
Comments: Treatment was small. It was neither statically nor clinically notable.
Question8. How precise was the estimate of the treatment effect?
Comments: The estimation of treatment was not precise.
Question9. Can the results be applied to the local population, or in your context?
Yes
No
Cannot be answered
Question10. Were all clinically important outcomes considered?