Concept of Epidemiology | Assignment

Running Head: EPIDEMIOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

EPIDEMIOLOGY1
Question 1
The concepts of epidemiology is related to diseases and the affected population. The major
foundation of the study of epidemiology is based on two concepts. Firstly, the prevalence of
disease is not sudden because various factors are noted when a disease spreads such as the root
cause, reason for transmission and people who are infected. Secondly, the study of the
population answers the preventive factors and causes of the relevant disease. The study of
epidemiology is all about investigating the disease and its spread in a certain population. It is
investigated with the help of tools and research methods, or they rely on models (Costello &
Angold, 2016). The most commonly used tool is rates that are employed by epidemiologists to
understand the cause and prevalence of disease in a population. The concepts of epidemiology
impacts the health of a population because this study is also used to predict any disease that is
going to affect any particular community through several tools. The health of a population is
influenced by the transmission of an infectious disease or a life threatening lifestyle disorder,
which can be identified by epidemiologists.
Question 2
Biostatistics is the application of statistics for topics such as biology, human health and the study
of a disease. It produces statistical data that is needed to understand the intensity of a disease in a
population such as how many people are infected and how many can get infected in future. This
branch of study is relevant in epidemiology as this is the method used to determine the rates of a
disease in a specific population. The methods used to collect data in biostatistics are qualitative
and quantitative data. The descriptive tools are mean, median and mode that is used to calculate
the data that is acquired through epidemiology (Evans et al., 2016). Bio-statistical methods in
epidemiology can be used for development, implementation and evaluation of health services

EPIDEMIOLOGY2
because epidemiology finds the causes of disease in a specific population, which can help in
forming customizable preventive measures that is linked to the specific population. Development
of health services increase when the rate of affected people are identified. This will influence the
type of health services being provided in specific areas and the quality will be according to the
health disparity in the population. Similarly, implementation and evaluation is affected by the
epidemiological study because public health legislations and policies will be formed according to
the target disease and population.
Question 3
Emerging infectious diseases and chronic diseases occur in diverse populations due to certain
patterns that are identified by epidemiologists. People suffer through these diseases due to the
contamination of pathogens or when new pathogens start evolving due to environmental
changes. It is seen that sometimes infectious agents are determinants of chronic lifestyle disease
that are non-communicable, in various populations. It is also seen that infectious agents might be
the first error before populations become vulnerable to long term illness or disability
(Cockerham et al., 2017). This continuum can be disrupted if anti-microbial agents are used for
their destruction that will help in the reduction of chronic disease. Clinicians, policymakers,
public health practitioners will help in recognizing the diseases that are spread through infectious
origins. The patterns are influenced by pathways, agents, co-factors and outcomes that
characterize the pathology and prevalence of the disease. Infectious diseases have been affecting
the economy and welfare of industries and the people related to it, which makes it necessary to
utilize epidemiology for the prediction (Brownson, Samet & Bensyl, 2017).