Equality and Diversity in the Workplace

This document explores the concept of equality and diversity in the workplace, focusing on the importance of supporting it and strategies to create an inclusive environment. It includes a case study on Vodafone.

Equality and Diversity in the
Workplace

Contents
Equality and Diversity in the Workplace.........................................................................................1
TITLE: “To evaluate the behaviour that support Equality and Diversity in the workplace”..........1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALE..................................................................1
1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Research Questions................................................................................................................1
Research aim................................................................................................................................1
Research objectives.....................................................................................................................1
Research questions.......................................................................................................................1
1.3 Rationale of the study............................................................................................................2
1.4 Context & Significance of research.......................................................................................2
1.2 Summary................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................2
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................2
2.2 Concept of equality and diversity..........................................................................................2
2.3 Why implication of equality and diversity is important and essential for Vodafone
Company......................................................................................................................................2
2.4 How Vodafone venture can support and create the optimum Equality and Diversity at their
workplace.....................................................................................................................................3
2.5 Summary................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................4
Introduction..................................................................................................................................4
Research Philosophy....................................................................................................................4
Research Approach......................................................................................................................5
Research Design..........................................................................................................................5
Research Methodology................................................................................................................5
Sampling Method.........................................................................................................................6
Sample Size.................................................................................................................................6
Sources of Data Collection..........................................................................................................6
Cost effective and Time Frames..................................................................................................8
Ethical Consideration...................................................................................................................8

Data analysis................................................................................................................................9
Limitation of the design...............................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 4: DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS..............................................................9
4.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................9
4.2 Rationale for quantitative data analysis.................................................................................9
4.3 Presentation of data analysis................................................................................................11
4.4 Discussion of findings.........................................................................................................18
4.5 Summary..............................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................19
Introduction................................................................................................................................19
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................19
Recommendations......................................................................................................................19
Research Reflection...................................................................................................................19
Summary....................................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21
Appendix

TITLE: “To evaluate the behaviour that support Equality and Diversity in the
workplace”.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALE
1.1 Introduction
Equality and diversity is characterized by promoting equality of opportunity to all the
employees, by diversity, provide each individual with the chance to accomplish their potential
and free from discrimination and prejudice. Treating all the people in the organisation equally
without making any judgement based on their stereotypes will help in maintaining good
environment at workplace where all the employees work collectively to attain common goals of
company. Vodafone is one of the leading telecommunication company that offers telecom
services all over the world. This report is based on the topic “To develop better understating
about the behavior that are helpful in supporting Equality and Diversity in the workplace along
with its importance for organisation”. The aim and objectives are as follows:
1.2 Research Questions
Research aim
The aim of investigation is “To develop better understating about the behavior that are
helpful in supporting Equality and Diversity in the workplace along with its importance for
organisation. A case study on Vodafone.”
Research objectives
The objectives of research are mentioned below: To develop better understanding about the concept of equality and diversity. To identify the factors that has made implication of equality and diversity important and
essential for Vodafone company. To determine the set behaviours and strategies that can be adopted by Vodafone to
support and create Equality and Diversity in the workplace.
Research questions
The research questions related to this study are as follows:
 What is meant by concept of equality and diversity?
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 Why implication of equality and diversity is important and essential for the organisation
like Vodafone company?
 How Vodafone can support and create Equality and Diversity at its workplace?
1.3 Rationale of the study
The study of equality and diversity in workplace will help in gaining understanding about
the concept along with its importance for the organisation. it also assists in determining the
strategies that help in developing equality and diversity in workplace. By performing the study,
the organisation will enable to maintain the diversity and equal to effectively in the company. It
also assists in knowing about its significance and execute effectively in the organisation.
1.4 Context & Significance of research
This research is significant as it supports researcher in understanding the concept of equality
and diversity in an appropriate way and gaining deep insights on the topic. Moreover, by the help
of this research investigation, the researcher is able to determine factors that make the
implication of equality and diversity crucial for company and the behaviors in strategies that an
organisation can adopt to develop equality and diversity in workplace. By the help of the study,
the company will able to maintain equality and diversity effectively. It is also significant for
academic purpose as it will support scholars to carry out further investigation by taking this
report as a base.
1.2 Summary
This chapter covers introduction which includes brief information about the topic. Then it
includes research questions that covers aim and objectives. The rationale of study provides
logical reasoning behind performing the investigation and context and significance consists of
the importance of performing study.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Literature review is referred is the procedure of systematic search of article and journals to
gather information on the topic. This literature review is conducted on the title “To evaluate the
behaviour that support Equality and Diversity in the workplace”. The review on different themes
are discussed below:
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2.2 Concept of equality and diversity
As per the view point of Oyet, Arnold, and Dupré, (2019), Equality and diversity in
workplace is about respecting employees regardless their age, gender, cultural background, race,
skills, beliefs, colour, career experience and many other factors. Hiring people from diverse
backgrounds widens the scope to grow and develop for organisation. It will help company in
breaking down the language barriers and developing good environment at the workplace. It also
assists company in attaining competitive advantage in market. By promoting equality and
diversity, the company can enhance satisfaction level of employees and encourage them to work
effectively and productively to attain the pre-set goals and objectives of company.
2.3 Why implication of equality and diversity is important and essential for Vodafone Company
According to the Katrina Pouspourika, 2018. By the enhancement of the equality and
diversity in the workplace to brings the equal opportunity driven towards employees point of
view. Through having the presence of the better compliance oriented regulation about the
equality and diversity to scrutinize the errors which arises in the organization as well as that
would occurs effective norms which influence for optimum working process and it will also
enhance the productivity in the organization. In the perspective of the Vodafone Company, they
are applies the policies amendment of Equality and Diversity as the implications are compressed
to discriminate the factor of many negative aspects like:
 Sexual Harassment.
 Discrimination and Biasness.
 Eliminate the Gender Equality Etc.
Above Points are to major considered by the manager of Vodafone company as any kind of
unwanted issues arises can create the conflict where it could distract the workplace objective not
be driven successful. The most challenging is to women in workplace as they face
discrimination of gender equality in terms of competencies to handle the task or any projects, it
seems to always underestimate to women that they can’t handle any work in context of business
activities and men are very compatible with them but now there is change in gender equality
specially in business perspective where women are handling as well as operation. Opportunity
would facilitates towards every employees in equal way along with reduces the gender and other
formation of biasness factor to maintain the flexible procedure of working style.
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2.4 How Vodafone venture can support and create the optimum Equality and Diversity at their
workplace
As per the opinion of the Linda Kleemann, 2016. To operating and measuring together
about the Equality and Diversity implies in the organization perspectives which requires a
certain objective. As in the Vodafone company they are highly determined to applies the better
formation of positivity environment where workforce could easily communicate and share their
grievances along with performance improvise through basic training and development program.
By commencing of the Equality and Diversity it can optimize by leadership skills where to
understand first that the importance of this aspect of culture benefits towards for the organization
to making identifying the discrimination and biasness factor in the basis of age, gender, disability
etc. which create a sort of barrier in the workplace and not appreciate the work outcomes by
superiors.
To mention in company norms and guidance deliver to the employees who work in the premises
that keeping the behavior and attitude in the professionalism in the company surroundings as
well as using the language in disciplinary way. Allows disable people to work and trained them
in optimum way to facilitates a job role in premises, not to discriminate with women employee
as in sexual harassment, opportunity not driven equally to them. As all the factor which has been
discussed in context of Vodafone company for establishing new norms of Equality and diversity,
they need to allows the other regulatory acts which propounded by the government functions are:
 Employment Act.
 Human Rights Act.
 Payment of gratuity act.
 Bonus Act.
 Race and Relations act.
 Disability and Discrimination Act.
All the corporate legislature acts which are monitored by the company top level management it
supports to allows the suitability working environment in the premises. A fair judgement in
terms of providing the authority to male or female there is no discrimination between them as of
now females are more efficient than males, where there is stereotypes expectations and different
perception related with other works in Vodafone Company expectations.
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2.5 Summary
The implication of equality and diversity is very important where it enhanced the positive
working environment that makes better relationship within peers and managers, improvisation in
productivity criteria. Through enhance the effective policies that contains the disciplinary acts
which incurred the diverse workforce profitable too in hiring, training or work pay structure that
reflects the equality in the organization.
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
This chapter consist of different methods and approaches which are utilize in this research.
It includes discussion about different philosophy, approach, design, methods which are utilize in
performing the study appropriately by collecting the data adequately.
Research Philosophy
This type of research associate to represent the about the certainty in which data is
gathered of research topic. It contains the major elements which are highly useful in research
terms:
Positivism: It is a nature of research where the researcher is focused towards the
predicting of data outcomes that is essential for research objective. Also known as the scientific
method as it scrutinize method influence to the researcher’s attribute.
Interpretivism: According to this philosophy as it concerned the collecting of data
specification in high cost incurred where it provides the detailed featured of data information.
In above research philosophy there is use of positivism philosophy to identified right
assumptions of data as per its outcomes through determined the research objective while
Interpretivism is not been considered by researcher where it will provide the high featured of
data information which is not relevant.
Research Approach
According to the research approach it represents the proper structured of process which is
been used by researcher for analyzation various sort of assumptions within an effective method
of data collection traits. It allows the basic two types of approach which is described below:
Deductive: Through this process of approach it generates the considering theory which
evaluates the hypothesis to measuring of data information within the presence of hypothesis.
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Inductive: In this stage of approach only determined the new optimum generation of
theory that mashed with data and generates the more logical formation of assumption in many
situational ways along with complied with better conclusion of research.
On the above research approach there is utilization of Deductive approach for collection
the information about data and examine from the hypothesis factor which allocate in research
point of view while Inductive approach is not facilitating because it basically obtains new
formation of data that not highlight the research objective.
Research Design
There are three types of research design including experimental, descriptive and
exploratory. In performing the study, social make use of descriptive research design as it aims to
systematically and accurately describe a situation population of phenomena.
Research Methodology
In the research method it basically obtains the systematic plan for evaluating the research
objective and preparing for the attaining all the aspect which are related within the research data.
There are majorly two types of research method are utilizing:
Qualitative Method: Through this method it is basically commenced by the researcher to
evaluate the data collection in the formation of theoretical information analyzation to measured
respondent behavior of collection of researcher’s viewpoints.
Quantitative Method: According to this research method the researcher usually gathered
the data information in numeric formation manner. To monitored the respondent behaviour in
perspective of questionnaire factor.
As the above research method is determining to select the Quantitative Research method
for procuring the athematic progression data information to providing the statistical presentation
of research objective within all the facts and findings determined. The method of Qualitative
method is not selected it highlight the detailed information of research data where researcher not
having interest to interpreted.
Sampling Method
The systematic procedure of researcher assort to pre-determined number of units of
analyzation from the big population of sample size to getting the important information
consideration.
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By opted the suitable of Simple Random Sampling to pointing out the relevant data
which highlight the major component of research related objective and sample selected through
random basis.
Sample Size
The determining of the sampling size is up to 20 respondents as workforce from the
Vodafone Company.
Sources of Data Collection
The procedure of this factor is defines the origin of the data where the researcher has
been collected. Having two main sources of data collection are as follows:
Primary Source: The evaluating of data information in the process of scrutinize the
relevant facts construct through self-assessment of related research data through tools
optimization by researcher interview, survey polls, group discussion, feedback etc.
Secondary Source: On the basis of this type of data gathered source is basically
highlight about the data preexistence and collected someone’s other data. Secondary data is one
of the flexible source of data collection in terms of document, literature, books and online
websites etc.
From the sources of data collection there is use of both primary and secondary data for
collecting by measuring the optimum information examine of data information along with
forming of questionnaires as well as Secondary data is basically highlight the facts about
investigating the truthful facts and findings of primary data.
Instrument Used: The tools which is support to the researcher by the survey aspect to regulates
the information from the respondent through Questionnaires.
Questionnaire: As it is propaganda of written structure document which involves the important
relevant set of questions related with research topic. The questionnaire related to this
investigation is mentioned below:
Questionnaire
Q1) What implication are having regarding the needed and importance of equality and
diversity at workplace f an orgnisation?
a) Essentially Needed and important
b) Important
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c) Neither needed nor important
Q2) What are the main factors and reasons that had made implication of equality and
diversity so vital for Vodafone company?
a) Better expansion opportunity
b) Enhanced productivity and creativity
c) Positive workplace environment
d) Higher competitive strength
Q3) is the creation of equality and diversity also ensures reduction in employees turnover
at Vodafone through leading higher job satisfaction?
a) Yes
b) No
Q4) Are you agreed with the fact that managers and leaders of Vodafone need to have
better attitude towards equality and diversity to ensure better workplace environment?
a) Agreed
b) Disagreed
c) Neutral
Q5) What possible challenges could be encountered by Vodafone during management of
equality and diversity at its workplace?
a) Cultural Difference
b) Communicational barriers
c) Higher expectations of diversified employees
Q6) What kind of relationship exists between the creation of equality and diversity at
workplace of Vodafone and its overall performance at global level?
a) Direct
b) Indirect
c) No relationship
Q7) What are the possible set of strategies and techniques that could be adopted by
Vodafone to support and create Equality and Diversity at its workplace?
a) Fair HR practises
b) Effective communication
c) Participative leadership style
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d) Regular cultural and diversity training
Q8) What overall impact is lead by equality and diversity on the performance and
efficiency level of employees of Vodafone?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q9) Any further recommendations for Vodafone to support and create Equality and
Diversity at its workplace?
Cost effectiveness and Time Frames
During the process of collection of data information regarding research topic of Equality
and Diversity it took 20-25 days in Vodafone company premises. To understand the top level
management about the motive to conducting the research as well as the information is collected
up to the limitation factor. The Cost analyzation in this research is quite expensive for managing
the seminar and other digital equipment along with some hospitality services conducted by
researcher.
Ethical Consideration
Overall the research objective is prevailing many small challenges to face to procuring
the research data information from organization peers. After the optimum collection of data by
implies disclaimer for representing ethically scrutinize and there is not promotional activity
involved of negative issues that disturb any kind of gender, age or religion. By keeping secret all
the opinion and survey examination conducted on company’s employees’ perspective for not
disclosed as it all utilized for research outcomes accomplish motive.
Data analysis
There are two ways through which data can be analyzed including qualitative data analysis
and quantitative data analysis. The data can be analyzed by using several methods like narrative
analysis, thematic analysis etc. In this investigation, data is analyzed by using quantitative
analysis method which assist in analyzing the numerical information and draw accurate
results. By the help of this analysis, researcher is able to accomplish the ultimate aim of research
in an effective manner.
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Limitation of the design
The main limitation of using descriptive research design is that it cannot be verify or test the
research issue. Apart from this majority of studies are not repeatable because of observational
nature.
CHAPTER 4: DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
In this chapter, data is collected through using primary method of data collection by using
questionnaire and it is analyses through utilizing quantitative data analysis method.
4.2 Rationale for quantitative data analysis
The main rationale behind using quantitative data analysis method is that it includes
mathematical calculations and differences between them. It assist in analysing the data
appropriately and draw valid conclusion.
Q1) What implication are having regarding the need and importance
of equality and diversity at workplace of an organisation?
Frequency
a) Essentially Needed and important 12
b) Important 6
c) Neither needed nor important 2
Q2) What are the main factors and reasons that had made
implication of equality and diversity so vital for Vodafone company?
Frequency
a) Better expansion opportunity 6
b) Enhanced productivity and creativity 4
c) Positive workplace environment 5
d) Higher competitive strength 5
Q3) is the creation of equality and diversity also ensures reduction in
employees’ turnover at Vodafone through leading higher job
satisfaction?
Frequency
a) Yes 18
b) No 2
Q4) Are you agreed with the fact that managers and leaders of Frequency
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Vodafone need to have better attitude towards equality and diversity
to ensure better workplace environment?
a) Agreed 16
b) Disagreed 2
c) Neutral 2
Q5) What possible challenges could be encountered by Vodafone
during management of equality and diversity at its workplace?
Frequency
a) Cultural Difference 7
b) Communicational barriers 7
c) Higher expectations of diversified employees 6
Q6) What kind of relationship exists between the creation of equality
and diversity at workplace of Vodafone and its overall performance
at global level?
Frequency
a) Direct 16
b) Indirect 3
c) No relationship 1
Q7) What are the possible set of strategies and techniques that could
be adopted by Vodafone to support and create Equality and
Diversity at its workplace?
Frequency
a) Fair HR practises 5
b) Effective communication 7
c) Participative leadership style 4
d) Regular cultural and diversity training 4
Q8) What overall impact is led by equality and diversity on the
performance and efficiency level of employees of Vodafone?
Frequency
a) Positive 15
b) Negative 2
c) Neutral 3
Q9) Any further recommendations for Vodafone to support and create Equality and
Diversity at its workplace?
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4.3 Presentation of data analysis
Theme 1: Need and importance of equality and diversity at workplace
Q1) What implication are having regarding the need and importance
of equality and diversity at workplace of an organisation?
Frequency
a) Essentially Needed and important 12
b) Important 6
c) Neither needed nor important 2
Interpretation: As per the above chart, it can be interpreted that according to 12 out of 20
respondents, equality and diversity is essentially needed and significant at workplace, 6
respondent said that it is important for the workplace and according to the remaining two
respondents, it is neither needed nor important for the company to have equality and diversity at
workplace.
Theme 2: Main factors that had made implication of equality and diversity so vital for
Vodafone
Q2) What are the main factors and reasons that had made
implication of equality and diversity so vital for Vodafone company?
Frequency
a) Better expansion opportunity 6
b) Enhanced productivity and creativity 4
c) Positive workplace environment 5
d) Higher competitive strength 5
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Interpretation: According to the above chart, it can be interpreted that according to 6 out
of 20 respondents, better expansion opportunity is the key factor or reason that made the
implication of equality and diversity so important for company, according to four respondents,
enhanced productivity and creativity are the factors, 5 respondent said that positive workplace
environment is the factor that make implication vital and according to the remaining five
respondents, higher competitive strength is the factor and reason that made implication of
equality and diversity significant for company.
Theme 3: Creation of equality and diversity ensures reduction in employees’ turnover
Q3) is the creation of equality and diversity also ensures reduction in
employees’ turnover at Vodafone through leading higher job
satisfaction?
Frequency
a) Yes 18
b) No 2
13

Interpretation: The above graph stated that according to 18 out of 20 respondents, the
development of equality and diversity in organisation ensures reduction in employees’ turnover
by leading high job satisfaction and according to remaining 2 respondents, they are not agreeing
with the same and they said no, equality and diversity didn't ensure reduction in employees’
turnover.
Theme 4: Managers and leaders of company need to have better attitude towards equality and
diversity
Q4) Are you agreed with the fact that managers and leaders of
Vodafone need to have better attitude towards equality and diversity
to ensure better workplace environment?
Frequency
a) Agreed 16
b) Disagreed 2
c) Neutral 2
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Interpretation: As per the above graph, it can be said that according to 16 out of 20
respondents, they are agreed with the fact that leaders and managers of company required to have
better attitude towards equality and diversity in order to ensure better workplace environment,
two respondents are disagreed with the fact and according to remaining to respondents, they
neither agreed, nor disagreed from the fact and respond neutral towards it.
Theme 5: Possible challenge encountered by Vodafone during management of equality and
diversity
Q5) What possible challenges could be encountered by Vodafone
during management of equality and diversity at its workplace?
Frequency
a) Cultural Difference 7
b) Communicational barriers 7
c) Higher expectations of diversified employees 6
15

Interpretation: According to the above graph, it can be interpreted that, according to 7
out of 20 respondents, cultural difference is the challenge that can be encountered by company at
the time of managing equality and diversity in workplace, 7 respondents said that communication
is the challenge in managing equality and diversity and according to the remaining six
respondents, high expectations of diversified employees is the challenge that could be
encountered by company during managing equality and diversity in workplace.
Theme 6: Relationship between creation of equality and diversity at workplace and overall
performance of company at global level
Q6) What kind of relationship exists between the creation of equality
and diversity at workplace of Vodafone and its overall performance
at global level?
Frequency
a) Direct 16
b) Indirect 3
c) No relationship 1
16

Interpretation: As per the above chart, it can be interpreted that according to 16 out of 20
respondents, there is a direct relationship between creation of equality and diversity and overall
performance of Vodafone at global level, three respondents said that there is indirect relationship
and according to the remaining one respondent, there is no relationship exist between
development of equality and diversity and overall performance of company at global level.
Theme 7: Possible strategy that could adopt by Vodafone to support Equality and Diversity at
workplace
Q7) What are the possible set of strategies and techniques that could
be adopted by Vodafone to support and create Equality and
Diversity at its workplace?
Frequency
a) Fair HR practises 5
b) Effective communication 7
c) Participative leadership style 4
d) Regular cultural and diversity training 4
17

Interpretation: The above graph stated that according to 5 respondents out of 20, this
said that fair HR practices is the strategy that can adopt by Vodafone to support and develop
equality and diversity in workplace, seven respondents said that effective communication is the
appropriate strategy, according to four respondents, participative leadership style is the strategy
that can adopt by company and the remaining four respondents said that providing employees
with regular cultural and diversity training is the strategy that can be adopted by company to
develop equality and diversity in workplace.
Theme 8: Overall impact led by equality and diversity on performance and efficiency level of
employees
Q8) What overall impact is led by equality and diversity on the
performance and efficiency level of employees of Vodafone?
Frequency
a) Positive 15
b) Negative 2
c) Neutral 3
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Interpretation: According to the above chart, it can be interpreted that according to 15 out
of 20 respondents, the overall impact lead by quality in diversity on efficiency level and
performance of employees is positive, according to two respondents, the overall impact is
negative and the remaining three respondents said that there is no impact of equality and
diversity on efficiency level and performance of employees in Vodafone and their response is
neutral towards the question.
4.4 Discussion of findings
As per the above discussion, it can be analysed that equality and diversity is vital for a
company as it leads it towards success and growth. From the above data analysis and
interpretation, it can be said that maintaining equality diversity is very essential for the company
as it helps in improving efficiency level and productivity of employees which ultimately enhance
the productivity of company.
4.5 Summary
The concept of equality and diversity is about providing equal opportunities to growth and
development to all employees and maintain diverse workplace in the organisation. From the
analysis, it has been found that, for an organisation the concept of equality and diversity is
crucial. So the first objective of the research is fulfilled. Implication of equality and diversity
provide the company with better expansion opportunities along with maintaining positive
workplace environment. This research proves to be very helpful in fulfilling all the objectives of
the study.
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CHAPTER 5: RESEARCH OUTCOMES
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CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Introduction
This chapter provides brief summary based on the overall project. It provides
recommendations based on the findings of study and a brief reflection is provided which
discusses about the learning gain through performing the study.
Conclusion
As per the above discussed report it can be concluded that it is very essential for an
organisation to maintain equality and diversity in workplace as by this, a healthy environment
will maintain in the company and all the employees are able to work productively towards
attaining common goals. By adopting appropriate strategies like fair human resource
management practices, ensuring effective communication within the company, adopting
appropriate leadership style and providing diversity training to employees on regular basis are
some ways through which organisation can maintain equality and diversity.
Recommendations
According to the overall discussion, it has been found that equality and diversity are crucial
aspects of company and an organisation must maintain it in workplace. In context to this, it is
recommended to the company that it must ensure that all the employees get equal opportunity in
the workplace to grow and develop. This will help in improving motivation of employees and
enable them to perform effectively. Apart from this, Vodafone should provide training to
workforce on diversity awareness so that they enable to work collectively towards
accomplishment of goals of company. In addition to this, the firm must execute strict policies
and practices so that each individual work accordingly and respect equality and diversity in
workplace.
Research Reflection
This investigation is based on the topic equality and diversity in workplace and it is very
significant for me as it helped me in learning various new things. By the help of this
investigation, my competencies and knowledge base is improved. In this investigation, I made
use of positivism philosophy as it is relying on factual knowledge. This method is effective in
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attaining the aim of investigation. However, in future, If I get the chance to perform research
again in future, then I will use interpretivism philosophy in this study as this will help in gaining
deep insights on the study area. For collecting data, questionnaire tool is used. In collecting
primary data, I faced difficulties as I am unable to collect information from respondents because
of spread on Covid-19. But, for sending questionnaires, I mad use of email which helped me in
collecting data appropriately. Apart from this, this study is based on quantitative method and
quantified information was gathered to reach to the outcomes. However, I can also use
qualitative method to get detailed data on the topic and draw valid conclusion. Though, use of
quantitative method help in ensuring accuracy of outcomes, it takes a lot of time to collect
quantitative data. So, if I get an opportunity in future to perform the research, I will use
qualitative method. The overall experience of performing this research is excellent and I learnt
many things from it which will assist in my future career growth. In future, researchers are
advised to use qualitative research method as this will help in gathering more detailed
information on the topic in less time. So, it would be beneficial for future researchers to use
qualitative research method. In addition to this, it is recommended to the researchers that they
can perform further research on an another area of the topic, i.e., “Workplace Discrimination”
which is linked to the equality and diversity.
Summary
Equality and diversity provides benefits to company in terms of enhancing productivity of
employees, developing better work environment, reducing employee turnover, retention of
employees for longer term etc. Experience from this research will enable me to perform the
research in more effective way in future.
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Kulkarni, M., Boehm, S. A. and Basu, S., 2016. Workplace inclusion of persons with a disability.
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Mukhopadhyay, S. and Gupta, R.K., 2014. Survey of qualitative research methodology in
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Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design.
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Appendix
Research Proposal Form
Student Name: _ Student ID: ____________
Centre Name:
Tutor: ________________ Date:
Unit: 11 Research Proposal
Proposed Title: Equality and diversity
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Section One: Title, objective, responsibilities
Title or working title of the research project (in the form of a question, objective or
hypothesis)
The Chosen topic for this research project is, “to have better evalution about the
behaviour that support Equality and Diversity in the workplace”. A research work on
Vodafone.
Research Aim
The aim of current research work is, “To develop better understating abut the behaviour
that are helpful in supporting Equality and Diversity in the workplace along with its
importance for organisation”.
Research objectives (e.g what is the question you want to answer? What do you want
to learn how to do? What do you want to find out?): To develop better understanding about the concept of equality and diversity.
 To indentify the factors that has made implication of equality and diversity
important and essential for Vodafone company (Talati, 2016).
 To determine the set behaviours and strategies that can be adopted by Vodafone to
support and create Equality and Diversity in the workplace.
Question Tag
 What is meant by concept of equality and diversity?
 Why implication of equality and diversity is important and essential for the
orgnisation like Vodafone company?
 How Vodafone can support and create Equality and Diversity at its workplace?
Section Two: Reasons for choosing this research project
Reasons for choosing the project (e.g links to other subjects you are studying, personal interest, future
plans, knowledge/skills you want to improve, why the topic is important):
The adoption of current resrch topic is rationale from professional view point as
management and supervision of equality and diversity become crucial for all organisation
to enhance their productivity and performance thus, current research is vital as it lead to
better knowledge about behaviour that are helpful in supporting Equality and Diversity in
the workplace. Further, it is also justifiable from personal view point of researcher as
ensures improvement in managerial skills and knowledge of other scholars.
Section Three: Literature sources searched
To develop better understanding about the concept of equality and diversity
As per the opinion of Lang R. 2020, it has been find out that equality is a concept that is
33

related with fair opportunity while diversity is related with ensuring a chaos free
workplace through leading effective bonding in employees coming from diversified
culture. Thus, it can be evaluated that the concept of equality is concerned with leading a
fair and equal growth opportunity and a selection criteria for all employees. On the other
hand diversity aim at leading a positive environment through eliminating all conflicts and
chaos on the basis of cultural difference or other discrimination (Spivak, 2020).
Lang. R., 2020. What is Meant by the Term Equality and Diversity?. [Online]. Available
through:< https://www.engageinlearning.com/faq/compliance/equality-and-
diversity/what-is-meant-by-the-term-equality-and-diversity/ >.
To indentify the factors that has made implication of equality and diversity important
and essential for Vodafone company.
As per the opinion of Milton Keynes, 2017, implication of equality and diversity
important and essential for Vodafone company as it lead to Attract and retain the best
quality employees, create more positive working relationships and lead to a Greater
productivity within the team that enhance overall productivity and performance of an
organisation. The main factors that had been evaluated which made the implication of
equality and diversity important consist of higher competition rate as it lead a pressure to
develop more better skills and enhanced talent that could be only achieved through
diversity. Where as many legal acts like Equality act, 2010 and many other made
implication of equality essential and vital for organisation (Greene, 2020).
Milton Keynes, 2017. Why is a diverse and equal workplace so important?. [Online].
Available Through: < https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/why-is-a-
diverse-and-equal-workplace-so-important >
To determine the set behaviours and strategies that can be adopted by Vodafone to
support and create Equality and Diversity in the workplace
As per the opinion and precise view point of Callister. L., 2019. The set behaviours and
strategies that can be adopted by Vodafone to support and create Equality and Diversity in
the workplace includes adoption of fair HR practises along with yielding regular and
timely cultural training. Beside this, it has been evaluated that adoption of effective
34

communication and participative management are also good set behaviours and strategies
that can be adopted by Vodafone to support and create Equality and Diversity in the
workplace (Verkuyten and Yogeeswaran, 2020).
Callister. L., 2019. 7 Tips to Promote Equality & End Workplace Discrimination.
[Online]. Available through:< https://www.skillcast.com/blog/7-tips-promote-
equality-end-workplace-discrimination>.
Books and journal
Greene, V. M., 2020. Cultural Diversity Awareness: Perceptions Of Community
Residents And Police Personnel.
Spivak, G. C., 2020. Scattered Speculations on Business and Cultural Diversity. In The
Praxis of Diversity (pp. 199-212). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Verkuyten, M. and Yogeeswaran, K., 2020. Cultural diversity and its implications for
intergroup relations. Current opinion in psychology, 32, pp.1-5.
Miller, K. E., 2020. Supervision: The Other Side of Cultural Diversity. In Cases on
Communication Disorders in Culturally Diverse Populations (pp. 298-312). IGI
Global.
Section Four: Activities and timescales
Activities to be carried out during the research project (e.g research,
development and analysis of ideas, writing, data collection, numerical
analysis, tutor meetings, production of final outcome, evaluation, writing
the report):
Formulation of research aim and objective
Submit proposal
Reviewing literature review
Research method and selection
Formulation of questionnaire
Sending questionnaire
Collection of data
Data interpretation
Conclusion and recommendations
Formatting
How long this will
take:
10 days
1
25
32
35

Taking feedback
Doing changes as per feedback Final submission
2
1
5
31
6
1
1
15
Gantt Chart
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Milestone One (Aim and objectives) : 07.04.2020
Target Date ( set by tutor) : 25.05.2020
Milestone two: 05.06.2020
Target Date (Set By tutor): 03.08.2020
Section Five: Research approach and methodologies
What type of research approach and methodologies are you likely to use and why? What your areas of
research will cover:
A brief description and evaluation about various resrch tools and approaches used for
completion of this research project on Vodafone is provided and stated below with the use
of research onion:
Research philosophy- out of two main types and category of research philosophy i.e.
Positivism and Interpretivism use of Positivism research philosophy is seemed more
suitable for current research on Vodafone as it lead to more sensible and systematic way
of research that provide better presentation and conduction of quantitative research
(Foster, 2019).
Research approach- The two main types and most commonly used research approach
are deductive and inductive from which use of deductive approach is quite appropriate
and suitable with quantitative research method which is used for current research on
Vodafone to support and have better generalization of quantitative data.
Research strategy – the strategy of current investigation consists of use of survey
method where data would be collected with the help of a quantitative data.
Research method- quantitative and qualitative are two type of research method out of
which use of quantitative resrch method could be used for this particular research work to
have more effective and quick communication and presentation of research findings and
37

results as it laed to collection if data in numeric form.
Source of data collection- Use of primary as well as the other secondary source of
data collection is made for investigation on Vodafone in order to maintain the authenticity
of research. As primary source lead to collection authentic data as first hand data directly
from respondents while secondary source provides support to primary findings trough
past facts.
Instrument used- survey method could be used for current where data is mainly
collected thrugh the help or use of a written instrument that is known as questionnaire.
Sample method – It represent a technique of selecting pre determined numbers of
deterrents and respondents from a large group or size of population. A sample size of 20
employees is chosen from Vodafone company for current research work through random
sampling.
Ethical considerations- To meet the set level of ethics and principles for current
investigation implication of BERA's Ethical Guidelines is made along with meeting the
privacy and safety of personal data collected for study.
Reliability and validity – The adoption of current research method are reliable and
validate for current investigation as ensures collection of authentic information in numeric
form that ensures measurable results and better achievement of targets.
Use of Following questionnaire would be made to collect information for current
investigation on Vodafone :
Questionnaire
Q1) What implication are having regarding the needed and importance of
equality and diversity at workplace f an orgnisation?
a) Essentially Needed and important
b) Important
c) Neither needed nor important
Q2) What are the main factors and reasons that had made implication of equality
and diversity so vital for Vodafone company?
a) Better expansion opportunity
b) Enhanced productivity and creativity
c) Positive workplace environment
38

d) Higher competitive strength
Q3) is the creation of equality and diversity also ensures reduction in employees
turnover at Vodafone through leading higher job satisfaction?
a) Yes
b) No
Q4) Are you agreed with the fact that managers and leaders of Vodafone need to
have better attitude towards equality and diversity to ensure better workplace
environment?
a) Agreed
b) Disagreed
c) Neutral
Q5) What possible challenges could be encountered by Vodafone during
management of equality and diversity at its workplace?
a) Cultural Difference
b) Communicational barriers
c) Higher expectations of diversified employees
Q6) What kind of relationship exists between the creation of equality and diversity
at workplace of Vodafone and its overall performance at global level?
a) Direct
b) Indirect
c) No relationship
Q7) What are the possible set of strategies and techniques that could be adopted
by Vodafone to support and create Equality and Diversity at its workplace?
a) Fair HR practises
b) Effective communication
c) Participative leadership style
d) Regular cultural and diversity training
Q8) What overall impact is lead by equality and diversity on the performance and
efficiency level of employees of Vodafone?
a) Positive
b) Negative
39

c) Neutral
Q9) Any further recommendations for Vodafone to support and create Equality
and Diversity at its workplace?
Structure of project
The structure of current research project would include following main points:
 Introduction
 Literature review
 Research methodology
 Data collection and analysis
 Research outcomes
 Conclusion and recommendation
 Reflection and recommendation for alternate research methodology
Comments and agreement from tutor
Comments (optional):
I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be submitted for another qualification and
is appropriate.
Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________
Comments and agreement form project proposal checker( IV sampling)
Comments (Optional):
I confirm that the project is appropriate.
Agreed /Disagree: (Name of the IV) Date
40

Research Ethics approval form
All students conducting research activity that involves human participants or the use of data
collected form human participants are required to gain ethical approval before commencing their
research. Please answer all relevant questions and note that your form may be returned if
incomplete.
For further support and guidance please see your respective Unit Tutor:
Before completing this form, we advise that you discuss your proposed research fully with your
unit tutor. Please complete this form in good time before your research project is due to
commence.
Section 1: Basic details:
Project title:
The selected topic for current research project is, “to evaluate about the behaviour that
support Equality and Diversity in the workplace”. A research work on Vodafone.
Student name:
Student ID number:
Programme:
College Name:
Intended research start date:
Intended research end date:
Section 2 Project summary
Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your project:
 Interviews No
 Questionnaires Yes
 Observations Yes
 Use of personal records No
 Data Analysis Yes
 Action Research No
 Focus Groups No
 Others (Please specify) : n/a
Section 3: Participants
Please answer the following questions, giving full details where necessary.
Will your research involve human participants? Yes
Who are the participants? Tick all that apply:
Ages 12-16: No Young people aged: 17-18 No Adults: Yes
How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?
From employees of Vodafone.
Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what you are doing:
41

notice boards, e-mails and other online channels would be used.
How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How will it be made clear to participants
that they may withdraw consent to participate at any time?
With the help of signing written consent form the approval is taken.
Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of omitting questions that do not wish
to answer?
Yes
If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical issues arising from this
Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be asked for their informed consent to be
observed.
Yes
Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give them a brief explanation of the study)?
Yes
Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?(This could be a brief summary of
your findings in general)
Yes
Section 4: Data Storage and Security
Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in compliance with the Data Protection Act
(1998)
Yes
Who will have access to the data and personal information?
Only Researcher and tutors
During the research:
Reseacher/Supervisor
Where will the data be stored?
Stored in DOC document with the use of USB and Laptop
Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used
Yes
If Yes, please provide further details:
After the research: the data will be safely disposed
Where will the data be stored?: USB/Laptop
How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?
Four to five months
Will data be kept for use by other researchers? No
Section 5 : Ethical Issues
Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may raise ethical concerns? If so, please
outline how you will deal with these: N/A
It is important that you demonstrate your awareness of potential risks that may arise because of your
research. Please consider/address all issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not
limited to the following :
 Informed consent. Yes
 Potentially vulnerable participants. n/a
42

 Sensitive topics n/a
 Risk to participants and /or researchers: n/a
 Confidentiality/anonymity: Yes
 Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality: Yes
 Data storage and security, both during and after the research (including transfer, sharing,
encryption, protection). Yes
 Reporting: Yes
 Dissemination and use of your findings: Yes
Section 6: Declaration
I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s Research and Ethics Policy: Yes
I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with my Unit Tutor:
Yes
I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:
The above information is correct, and this is a full description of the ethical issues that may arise in the
course of my research
Name: Date:
Please submit your completed form to the Cohort Leader and a
copy to your supervisor only
43