The assignment discusses the characteristics of argumentative writing, highlighting the importance of clearly stating one's position, using evidence and facts to support claims, acknowledging counterclaims, refuting opposing arguments, and constructing solid reasons to support claims. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for students to focus on components such as clear and powerful claims, well-constructed reasons, strong textual support, and avoiding common mistakes like apologizing or announcing what they will do in the paper. The assignment also stresses the importance of learning critical thinking skills, broad thinking, and the art of persuasion through argumentative writing.