Circular Economy: Theories and Development in Chittagong, Bangladesh

Ethics, Sustainability
and Social Impact

Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................2
Define and discuss the Circular Economy (CE) referring to the theories from which it emerged..2
Introduction to this report:...........................................................................................................2
Cradle to Cradle design philosophy of McDonough and Braungart...........................................2
The blue economy systems approach described by Pauli............................................................3
Circular Economy........................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
Choose a city in developing Commonwealth country and respond to following points.................4
Introduction to the developing commonwealth country and its city...........................................4
a)Give examples of how the Circular Economy is developing in that city.................................5
b) Analyze the progress of the circular economy in that city focusing on the barriers, enabling
factors and opportunities for its growth.......................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
Propose what organizations (local and global) and local government can do (and how and within
what time frame) to support the development of the Circular Economy........................................6
Local and International companies working for development of circular economy...................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
Report for Commonwealth Local Government Ministers Meeting on key and recommendations
for action..........................................................................................................................................6
Work done by Commonwealth Local Government Ministers for supporting Circular Economy
.....................................................................................................................................................6
Recommendations and conclusion..................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
Books and Journal........................................................................................................................7

TASK 1
Define and discuss the Circular Economy (CE) referring to the theories from
which it emerged.
Introduction to this report:
In order to succeed in an economy a business needs to be remaining working with Business
Ethics and has to maintain its sustainability (Ajour El Zein, Consolacion-Segura and Huertas-
Garcia, 2020). This sports a sustainable social impact on the economy which assists good
progress in the market of the company. This report contains a brief description about circular
economy with the help of various theories from which it has been emerged. Economy has been
developed in various countries in the market this report contains various examples which helps to
understand that how circular economy emerged in the City e which is situated in developing
Commonwealth country. It needs to be evaluating the progress in development of circular
economy in that city by taking care of the barriers several labeling factors and opportunities
which are required for its growth. It also contains what a company can do to support the
development of circular economy and role of local government with the time frame they can
support the development of circular economy. It also contains a report which is required to
provide to the Commonwealth local government ministers with several important
recommendations for the actions which needs to be taken by the ministers in the conducted
meeting.
Cradle to Cradle design philosophy of McDonough and Braungart
Cradle to cradle design is also popularly known as C2C design. It is a Theory which is developed
and utilized for the Revival of an economy (Brunelli and Di Carlo, 2020). It is developed or
designed by German chemist call Dr Michael Grand guard and an American architect William
McDonough in the year 1990. When De real Eyes that there is large piles of waste which has
been creating a lots of pollution in the environment, that discuss the design by which these waste
can be utilized in order to make something new and useful. It helps the environment has it
reduced toxic waste and use biological nutrients which works like a manure. This design is
useful for the maintenance of ecosystem and provides development to various companies,
societies and the environment itself. This is the reason that the circular economy is developed as
it is a philosophy which sea is that resources should be maintained by using them optimally. It
says that there is high need to reduce the waste from Mother Earth which can be minimized by
recycling or degrading it which helps to create manure for the environment which is very fertile.
C2C design is also means to influence sustainability and use the manufacturing product without

allowing it to go to the cradle (Confetto and Covucci, 2021). The main difference between cradle
to Grave and cradle to cradle is that the cradle to cradle box for the betterment of environment in
a cost-efficient manner. This method is used by circular economy so that resources can be
renewed which helps in Preservation and management of waste in the economy. The reason
behind that the philosophers have designed this theory is that they want betterment of society and
observe the ill effects which are faced because of development in the society. This model is so
flexible and adaptable that it can be applied with other related theories also.
The blue economy systems approach described by Pauli
Blue economy system is a Theory which is developed on the basis of ZERI philosophy. ZERI
stands for Zero Emission Resource & Initiative. This theory is developed or designed by Guntur
Pauli in 2004. This approach or theory works to create focus of the society towards evidence and
resource and shift the focus from resources. This theory works in a very exclusive manner in
which the reduce waste from the air during research process and take innovative startups. The
idea of this approach is is based on a scientific method in order to render a promise in naturalistic
way. The main aim of this approach to adapt in an economy is that it cuts down the cost and
helps to bring cost efficiency in a company (Dyllick and Muff, 2020). It has its Full focus on
local community in order to put several efforts to improve the working of the community. It
helps by injecting cash inflows and cash in a local economy and put and emphasizes to purchase
goods with local dealers in order to develop existing economy. The emphasis on purchasing of
local products results and purchase of more and more products which leads cut down in cost of
an organization. It is the function of circular economy which helps to uplift the economy by
reducing cost. It can later be utilized for the purpose of research and development in order to
produce goods according to the demand of customers. It also helps to produce less harmful and
effective products for the society and helps to find the ways to renew it. The major focus of this
approach is on the businesses which are operating at small and medium scale. It has not focused
large organization as they include several Complex operations which is too hard to change and
this approach required organization which can adapt changes.
Circular Economy
The idea of circular economy system has been established in the year 1970 (Fortenberry and
Reddy, 2020). It is a concept which helps to work with sustainability in the market improving the