This article discusses the importance of evidence based nursing research in promoting influenza vaccination among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. It explores the study design, participants, intervention, and results, as well as limitations and implications for evidence-based practice.
Contribute Materials
Your contribution can guide someone’s learning journey. Share your
documents today.
Running head: EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH Name of the Student: Name of the University: Author note:
Secure Best Marks with AI Grader
Need help grading? Try our AI Grader for instant feedback on your assignments.
1EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH PART 1: Answer 1 A) Yes, the study had clearly stated the purpose or objective of the research. B) Influenza vaccine was funded in Australia especially for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children who were less than 5 years old. Hence, the primary purpose of the study was to evaluate if distributing letter or the pamphlet directly to the parents or the guardian’s will tend to improve the uptake of influenza vaccine within the Aboriginal recognized children (Borg et al. 2018). Answer 2 A) The above mentioned objective of the research paper was relevant to nursing practice because it focused on the influenza vaccine and what strategy can be used to promote the uptake of influenza vaccine among the parents or guardian of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander.Anysubjectisrelevanttonursingpracticeifitisrelatedto thecareand development of an organizational culture that will promote better care and support to the population with best nursing practice. Nursing practice focus on high quality of care and better patient health outcome. Therefore, this study also focus on providing information or knowledge that will increase the health outcome of the children and improve the health outcome with better care towards their individual health (McLeod, Adunuri and Booth 2019). Answer 3 A) Cultural conflict can be considered as the possible risk of participating in the study as the participants belong to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander background and due to discrimination problem it was highly possible that the people would step back and not participate effectively (Chidgzey et al. 2015).
2EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH B) No, the risk of participating in the study was not clearly identified by the author. C) As the risk was not identified by the author, hence no strategies were proposed to minimise the risk. The only risk that was highlighted in the study was the high infection-risk and how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children are under high risk of obtaining the infection (Chidgzey et al. 2015). D) Yes, the author had taken approval from the ethics committee to undertake the research study. The research study was approved by Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee. E) The researcher in this study had involved waiver of consent for the involved participants who were primarily the parents or guardians of the children belonging to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander in agreement with the national statement of Australia. The application form that included the consent of the participants was not published with the research study (Borg et al. 2018). F) No such risk was identified because the study had focused on the promotion strategy that will promote the concept of influenza vaccine among the children of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community (Chidgzey et al. 2015). Answer 4 A) Randomized control trial study design was selected by the author to conduct the study that was parallel and multi-arm in nature. B) Yes the considered study design was suitable for the identified research question (Borg et al. 2018). C) The research question was to evaluate if distributing letter or pamphlet to the parents or guardians of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanderchildren was effective in promoting the
3EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH concept or benefit of influenza vaccine to reduce the high mortality or morbidity rate among children due to influenza. Hence, in order to justify the research question the author had to select randomized control design method where they will randomly select the participants and randomly distribute them in three different groups, where one group will receive the letter, the other group will receive the pamphlet and the third group will receive no direct communication (Borg et al. 2018). From the response of the participants present in each group the result will be analysed and which technique is best suitable will also be identified for promoting the concept of influenza vaccine among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Answer 5 A) The participants included in the study were the parents or guardians of Victorian Children recognized under Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander within the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR). 5534 participants were involved and randomly selected for the study. B) The inclusion criteria was that only the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents or guardians were selected for the study who belonged to the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) and registered under Medicare and whose children were in between the age of 6 months to 5 years. Based on the immunization report, the death index of Victoria was highlighted and the person who was deceased was excluded from the study (Borg et al. 2018). C) The participants were recruited on the basis of randomized control trail study design where the parents or the guardian belonging to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander were selected and distributed under three different condition acquiring 1:1:1 allocation. The participants belonging to the first condition had received letter, the participants belonging to the second condition had received pamphlet and the participants belonging to the third
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser
4EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH condition had were considered as the control group. The participants belonged to the Victorian children under the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR). D) Household setting was used in this study by the researcher where the participants were the parents or the guardian of the children of the age group between 5 months to 5 years of age and were present within the household setting (Borg et al. 2018). Answer 6 A) The intervention was the use of letter or pamphlet to promote the concept of influenza vaccine among the parents or guardians of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community. Effective communication strategy was used and highlighted as the intervention to increase the lack of awareness among the people of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. B) Three different groups were made by the author based on the household setting and each group were not aware of the concept of influenza immunization that will reduce the mortality or morbidity rate of influenza infection. Hence, in order to increase awareness the first group of the participants had received letter that will promote the concept of immunization, the second group of the participants had received pamphlet that will promote the concept of immunization and the third group were the control group who had received no intervention and can be used as the standard group for evaluating the outcome of the intervention (Borg et al. 2018). C) Yes, the communication intervention strategy was adequately described that can be replicated in general practice. D) The intervention strategy was adequate because the primary purpose of the study was to provide effective knowledge to the participants regarding the benefits of influenza vaccine in order to reduce the mortality or morbidity rate influenza infection among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community. Hence, the communication strategy intervention will be
5EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH effective to provide sufficient knowledge to the participants and reduce the high mortality rate of the influenza infection. E) Chi-square analysis was conducted to evaluate if sending letter or pamphlet had increased the rate of influenza vaccination or not, which was later compared to the control group who did not receive any intervention to increase the rate of influenza immunization that will eventually decrease the mortality rate of the influenza infection among children (Borg et al. 2018). Answer 7 A) The result finding extracted from the study focused that sending pamphlet or letter to the parents or guardians have increased the rate of influenza immunization among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Sending letter had resulted in high uptake of influenza vaccination among parents and when compared to the control group the rate of uptake was 34% high in participants who received letter. Sending pamphlet exhibited no such response and when compared to the standard group the rate of influenza immunization was almost similar in both the groups. Hence, the result finding exhibited that sending letters to the parents or the guardians of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community children was effective in promoting and increasing the rate of influenza immunization that will ultimately decrease the rate of influenza infection (Borg et al. 2018). Answer 8 A) Community involvement and the practice of single technique that included letter or pamphlet were the identified limitation of the study. B) Use of single technique and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community involvement was considered as the study limitation as the technique only involved sending letter or pamphlet to the parents or guardians. Other mode of communication can be also be
6EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH considered as the technique of promoting influenza vaccination that include SMS reminder or telephone as every individual is not positive towards receiving written letter or pamphlet and the researcher were only limited to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community but the knowledge of influenza vaccination was required to be wide-spread among the whole Australia concerned with any community that will overall decrease the mortality rate of influenza infection within Australia (Borg et al. 2018). C) Research bias might reduce the validity of the study because the biased research paper can be rejected and not get published as the conclusion and the research findings are biased and not considered as valid. No such research bias was highlighted by the researcher in the study. Answer 9 A) From the different levels of evidence pyramid, level 1 evidence was reported from this research paper. B) Yes, the outcome of the study can be used to update evidence-based practice (EBP) and use the strategy of evidence based practice in general practice. C) The level 1 of the research pyramid states the randomized control trail study can be used to incorporate in clinical application that involves best evidence based practice method. Evidence-based practice involves the high quality of care and high patient outcome that is achieved in this study. Hence, this research method can be used and applied in daily nursing practice to increase awareness among the population and motivate people to use influenza vaccine that will reduce the mortality rate among the population due to influenza infection (Borg et al. 2018). PART 2
Secure Best Marks with AI Grader
Need help grading? Try our AI Grader for instant feedback on your assignments.
7EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH Being a nurse, I had prior knowledge regarding the immunization safety for children that will allow their parents to protect their child from the high risk of acquiring influenza. In the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community present within Australia were under high risk of acquiring influenza infection and they also had no knowledge or information regarding the strategies that can be used to control the mortality rate of influenza as only 2% of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community children were vaccinated with influenza vaccine(Australian Government Department of Health, 2019). According to the National immunisation Program (NIP), the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community can receive all the immunisation for free that will protect them from acquiring some serious disease and this immunisation can be offered to the children, seniors, adults and pregnant women belonging to their community. This program also suggested that children who are below5yearsshouldmandatorilyreceiveeveryvaccination(AustralianGovernment Department of Health, 2019). It was also evident that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community people including the parents or the guardians did not had any prior knowledge or information regarding the concept of vaccination and how getting their child vaccinated can help them to reduce the risk of infection. Based on the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community information from the Australian fact sheet, the lack of knowledge or information within that community was highlighted to me and being a nurse it was my responsibility to increase awareness among the people. After the outbreak of the influenza virus within the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community in 2013 had resulted in high mortality rate and after a detail analysis it was observed that the appropriate lack of knowledge was responsible for lack of immunisation and outbreak of the infection(Cdc.gov, 2019). In my opinion, during the childhood phase, it is very important that the child is vaccinated that will help the child and even the parent to reduce the risk of infection as it is noted that 90-99% of children who are vaccinated during the childhood phase reduces the risk of infection and are
8EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH effective in preventing any early onset of diseases. The child who is vaccinated can also suffer from any disease condition but the symptoms are less severe as compared to the child who is not at all vaccinated. Hence, this knowledge allowed me to gain the background history of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community and the reason of the high mortality rate among them. During this assessment my knowledge on the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community children had increased and the disadvantage that is suffered by the parents who belong to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community had also raised that allowed me to identify lack of appropriate knowledge within the community(Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, 2019). Being nurse, I had evolved the habit of educating the patient and the family member regarding the patient condition and what factors or treatment can be effective in reducing the chance of getting the same disease again. I have also adopted the strategies of using evidence-based practice approach and promote the need of child immunization within the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community that will increase the quality of care within the community and increase awareness that will allow the parents to gainknowledgeofthechildimmunizationandalsoeducatethe,readingthefree immunization that is offered by the government within Australia. The background data and knowledge of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community had allow me to interpret the result and determine what are the possible reason that is responsible for this cause and accordingly I can adopt the evidence-based practice approach and implement evidence-based practice method in my nursing practice. According to the evidence-based practice method, acquiring appropriate program or strategies to educate the parents or the guardian regarding the child immunization will allow them to gain appropriate knowledge that will remove all the barriers and allow people to easily access the benefits of child immunization. Proper education or knowledge can be given to the parents in various sector likeschool-situated clinics, immunization clinics, school-based well-being centres, public health hospitals or
9EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH clinics for children, episodic influenza vaccination centres or clinics, community health nurse following childhood immunizations or vaccination, and government-supported vaccines that will help the parents to reduce the mortality rate of influenza infection and also allow the children to overcome from the condition of any such infection (Vaccines.gov, 2019). From this research, I have gained knowledge on the personal beliefs,experiences and trust that contribute to the personal health choices and decisions and I being a nurse it is crucial to maintain an effective balance between the person’s health beliefs with evidence-based practice that will allow them to improve their decision making capability and increase their knowledge and benefits of vaccinating their child that will allow the child to lead a happy life and reduce the risk of acquiring any infection that is harmful for their health.
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser
10EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH References Australian Government Department of Health (2019).Immunisation for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people | Australian Government Department of Health. [online] Australian Government Department of Health. Available at: https://beta.health.gov.au/health- topics/immunisation/immunisation-throughout-life/immunisation-for-aboriginal-and-torres- strait-islander-people [Accessed 6 Jun. 2019]. Australian Government Department of Health (2019).The flu vaccine – Information for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in 2019 fact sheet | Australian Government Department of Health. [online] Australian Government Department of Health. Available at: https://beta.health.gov.au/resources/publications/the-flu-vaccine-information-for-aboriginal- and-torres-strait-islander-people-in-2019-fact-sheet [Accessed 6 Jun. 2019]. Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet (2019).Resources - Influenza - Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet.[online]AustralianIndigenousHealthInfoNet.Availableat: https://healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/learn/health-topics/respiratory-health/influenza/resources/ [Accessed 6 Jun. 2019]. Borg, K., Sutton, K., Beasley, M., Tull, F., Faulkner, N., Halliday, J., Knott, C. and Bragge, P., 2018. Communication-based interventions for increasing influenza vaccination rates among Aboriginal children: A randomised controlled trial.Vaccine,36(45), pp.6790-6795. Cdc.gov(2019).ACIPVaccinationProgramsGuidelinesforImmunization| Recommendations|CDC.[online]Cdc.gov.Availableat: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/programs.html[Accessed6Jun. 2019]. Chidgzey, P.J., Davis, S., Williams, P. and Reeve, C., 2015. An outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) virus in a remote Aboriginal community post‐pandemic: implications for pandemic
11EVIDENCE BASED NURSING RESEARCH planningandhealthservicepolicy.AustralianandNewZealandjournalofpublic health,39(1), pp.15-20. McLeod, C., Adunuri, N. and Booth, R., 2019. Risk factors and mitigation of influenza among Indigenous children in Australia, Canada, United States, and New Zealand: a scoping review.Perspectives in public health, p.1757913919846531. Vaccines.gov(2019).VaccineSafety|Vaccines.[online]Vaccines.gov.Availableat: https://www.vaccines.gov/basics/safety [Accessed 6 Jun. 2019].