Evidence Based Practice Research: Influence of Treatment Modalities and Knowledge on Depression Across Juveniles With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Running head: EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE RESEARCH
EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE RESEARCH: INFLUENCE OF TREATMENT
MODALITIES AND KNOWLEDGE ON DEPRESSION ACROSS JUVENILES WITH TYPE
1 DIABETES MELLITUS
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EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE RESEARCH1
Introduction
According to the World Health Organization (WHO 2018), type 1 diabetes mellitus
(T1DM) also named as juvenile diabetes or childhood onset or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a
metabolic condition characterized by deficient secretion of insulin across adolescents, and thus
requires daily insulin injections for management. While the exact cause of T1DM is unknown,
the WHO (2018) denotes its key symptoms to be: polyuria, polydipsia, and persistent hunger,
loss of weight, fatigue and progressive changes in vision. In addition to the common symptoms
of high blood glucose level, it has been researched that adolescents having juvenile diabetes are
susceptible to psychological problems like depression (Buchberger et al. 2016). As per the
review by Badescu et al. (2016), approximately 40% of patients with T1DM have reported to be
inflicted with mental health concerns like depression and depression.
While the exact pathologies underlying depression has not been extensively research, it
has been evidenced that the inadequate knowledge and different treatment modalities, such as the
need to follow a strict routine of insulin injections, can affect an individual’s daily life and result
in a mental health issue known as diabetes distress. Diabetes distress is associated with increased
stress and anxiety in an individual which can harm the quality of daily life and wellbeing and
thus lead to a loss of pleasure in favorable activities and depression (Gilsanz et al. 2018). The
following paper will thus discuss on the findings acquired from current literature which have
explored the influence of different treatment modalities and knowledge on depression across
juveniles with T1DM.

EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE RESEARCH2
Aim
This study aims to identify current, evidence based literature which have examined the
possible influence of differences in treatment modalities and disease knowledge on the rate or
severity of depression across juveniles with T1DM. This was done with the help of a
comprehensive search strategy as per the following PICOT question.
PICOT Question
Articles for the evidence based research were searched as per the following PICOT
question, which read as: “How do different treatment modalities and knowledge of type 1
DM influence the rate of Depression amongst juveniles?” The following components of the
PICOT question were thus as follows:
 P: Population: Adolescents and children below 18 years and diagnosed with T1DM.
 Intervention: Different treatment modalities and coping strategies for T1DM such as
frequent blood glucose monitoring, educational sessions to improve T1DM knowledge.
 Comparison: Absence of any different treatment modalities and coping strategies for
T1DM.
 Outcome: Rate or severity of depression symptoms.
Literature Search Strategy
Based on the above PICOT question, an electronic search strategy was conducted using
key words like ‘type 1 diabetes mellitus’, ‘juvenile diabetes’, ‘depression’, ‘coping strategies’,
‘knowledge’, ‘education’ and ‘blood glucose’, across databases like CINANHL. To ensure that
recent articles with the most updated research were obtained, the publication year limit for the
articles was set as 2008 to 2020. To further ensure that academic, peer reviewed and scholarly