Evolution of Leadership Theories Literature Review 2022

Running head: EVOLUTION OF LEADERSHIP THEORIES
EVOLUTION OF LEADERSHIP THEORIES
HEROIC THEORY
THEORIES SCHOLAR REMARKS/
CONCLUSION
1. Great man Theory Spector, Bert Alan,
"Carlyle, Freud, And The
Great Man Theory More
Fully Considered" (2015)
12(2) Leadership
Burns, Wallace A, "A
Descriptive Literature
Review Of Harmful
Leadership Styles:
Definitions,
Commonalities,
Measurements, Negative
Impacts, And Ways To
Improve These Harmful
Leadership Styles"
(2017) 3(1) Creighton
Journal of
Interdisciplinary
Leadership
The theory is based on
the idea that huge
influential men and
unique individuals can
have an impact on the
history of the world. Such
heroic people have
superior intellect, divine
inspiration as well as
heroic courage1. This are
their natural attributes.
The theory seems to give
credit to the role of those
individuals who inspire
the world through their
heroic deeds2.
2. Behavioral Theory Burns, Adam, "Book
Review: 14-18: A New
Vision For Secondary
Education" (2015)
43(2) Educational
Management
Administration &
Leadership
Kumar, Robin D.C. and
Noshaba Khiljee,
"Leadership In
Healthcare" (2016)
17(1) Anaesthesia &
Intensive Care Medicine
This theory is based on
the fact that certain
behaviours can be
conditioned in the
manner that can change
the behaviour of an
individual to adapt to
certain situations3.
Leadership in an
individual is the
capability that can be
learnt and is therefore
not innate4.
1 Bert Alan Spector, "Carlyle, Freud, And The Great Man Theory More Fully Considered"
(2015) 12(2) Leadership.
2 Wallace A Burns, "A Descriptive Literature Review Of Harmful Leadership Styles:
Definitions, Commonalities, Measurements, Negative Impacts, And Ways To Improve These
Harmful Leadership Styles" (2017) 3(1) Creighton Journal of Interdisciplinary Leadership.
3 Adam Burns, "Book Review: 14-18: A New Vision For Secondary Education" (2015) 43(2)
Educational Management Administration & Leadership.
4 Robin D.C. Kumar and Noshaba Khiljee, "Leadership In Healthcare" (2016) 17(1)
Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine.

EVOLUTION OF LEADERSHIP THEORIES1
3. Trait Theory Griffith, Jennifer A., John
E. Baur and M. Ronald
Buckley, "Creating
Comprehensive
Leadership Pipelines:
Applying The Real
Options Approach To
Organizational
Leadership
Development" (2019)
29(3) Human Resource
Management Review
According to this theory,
the qualities of
leadership are inherited
and therefore, those
individuals who have
these traits inherent are
born leaders5. The theory
possesses questions like
whether the leaders are
really born or they are
made through various
learning processes.
POST-HEROIC THEORY
THEORIES SCHOLAR REMARKS/
CONCLUSION
1. Cross Cultural
Theory Mittal, Rakesh,
"Charismatic And
Transformational
Leadership Styles: A
Cross-Cultural
Perspective" (2015)
10(3) International
Journal of Business and
Management
Puspitasari, Nur Wahyu,
"Transformational
This theory analyses the
way in which different
individuals work across
different cultures and
thus establish an
interaction with each
other in that process. It is
a way in which the
process of the workings
of the leaders are
understood in the global
market6. A leader has to
face many challenges
while working in cultures
that are different to his,
therefore, it is always
important to analyse the
5 Jennifer A. Griffith, John E. Baur and M. Ronald Buckley, "Creating Comprehensive
Leadership Pipelines: Applying The Real Options Approach To Organizational Leadership
Development" (2019) 29(3) Human Resource Management Review
6 Rakesh Mittal, "Charismatic And Transformational Leadership Styles: A Cross-Cultural
Perspective" (2015) 10(3) International Journal of Business and Management

EVOLUTION OF LEADERSHIP THEORIES2
Leadership Dalam
Menurunkan Beban
Kerja Perawat
Puskesmas" (2018)
7(04) Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu
Keperawatan Indonesia
environment in which the
person works in7.
2. Spiritual Theory Afsar, Bilal, Yuosre Badir
and Umar Safdar Kiani,
"Linking Spiritual
Leadership And
Employee Pro-
Environmental Behavior:
The Influence Of
Workplace Spirituality,
Intrinsic Motivation, And
Environmental Passion"
(2016) 45 Journal of
Environmental
Psychology
This theory comprises of
the three basic
components that are
vision, hope and altruistic
love. These three
principle components
establishes the leader’s
values, morals, attitudes
and behaviours8. This
theory can make great
leaders in future.
3. Distributed/Disperse
Theory
Jones, S. Distributed
leadership: A critical
analysis. (2014)
Leadership, 10(2), 129-
141.
Harris, A., & DeFlaminis,
J. Distributed leadership
in practice: Evidence,
misconceptions and
possibilities.
It is an analytical
approach that looks into
the understandings of
how leadership works
among the people and in
a complex organisation9.
It is more concerned with
the practice if the
leadership than the
specific role of leadership
7 Nur Wahyu Puspitasari, "Transformational Leadership Dalam Menurunkan Beban Kerja
Perawat Puskesmas" (2018) 7(04) Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan Indonesia
8 Afsar, Bilal, Yuosre Badir and Umar Safdar Kiani, "Linking Spiritual Leadership And Employee
Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Influence Of Workplace Spirituality, Intrinsic Motivation,
And Environmental Passion" (2016) 45 Journal of Environmental Psychology
9 Jones, S. Distributed leadership: A critical analysis. (2014) Leadership, 10(2), 129-141.