FACULTY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND BUSINESS.

FACULTY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIPAND
BUSINESS
ASSIGNMENT 2 (GROUP)
APPROACH OR CONCEPT IN THE FIELD OF
MANAGEMENT
Programme AFT1023 (FUNDMENTAL OF MANAGEMENT)
Nameof
Lecturer
DR. ZAMINOR BINTI ZAMZAMIR@ZAMZAMIN
Nameof Student and
matric number
1. AINA RUSYDA BINTI
MOHD NAZRI
A21A2372
2. NURHUDA BINTI MOHD
SHUKRI
A21A2928
Date 6 JANUARY 2022
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TABLE OF CONTENT
No
.
Content Page
1.0 Introduction 3
2.0 Brief explanation on the approach :
2.1 Frederick Winslow Taylor
2.2 Henri Fayol
2.3 Henry Gantt
2.4 Mary Parker Follet
2.5 Max Weber
4 – 12
3.0 Viewpoint about the approach in todays’s context and
related examples
13 – 16
4.0 Advantages and disadvantages 17 – 20
5.0 Conclusion 21
6.0 References 22
1.0 INTRODUCTION
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Nowadays many people do run a business to make a living but unfortunately because of
their lack of management abilities, many business owners are facing insolvency and unsteady
cash flow in their firms. So, business owners should be aware of and familiar with the basic
administrative approach to management. However, many people are perplexed about what is
a general administrative approach to management?In this report, we will explain further
about what is actually business theory based on several figure, what is the viewpoint in
todays world, the examples that we can relate and the advantages and disadvantages to the
business itself.
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2.0 BRIEF EXPLANATION ON THE APPROACH
2.1 FREDERICK WINSLOW TAYLOR
Frederick Winslow Taylor created this scientific management strategy in the late
nineteenth century. This management strategy can be defined as a scientific examination of
work procedures with the goal of increasing worker efficiency in order to archive
simplification, specialization, standardization, and overall organizational efficiency.
Additionally, the method attempted to boost productivity and mutual trust between workers
and management. Taylor's goal was to increase trust while also increasing productivity for
workers. The report discusses the fundamentals of scientific management. The approach's
significance in the present corporate environment is demonstrated through particular
examples of its applicability and influence. Taylor accomplished this by developing four
principles of scientific management that serve as its unmistakable identifier. Additionally, the
first point argues that the OLD RULE-OF-THUMB still applies. Additionally, the principles
propose that the OLD RULE-OF-THE-THUMB be bolstered by scientific approaches to
one's profession. The second tenet is scientific workforce selection. According to the
principles, members of an organization should be chosen after conducting some analysis.
Following that, the management and employee company is the third premise. Rather than
resolving problems, management should collaborate with the organization's members. This
collaboration enables the task to be carried out in conformity with established scientific
principles. The fourth principle is to educate personnel scientifically. The idea emphasizes the
importance of expert training using scientific approaches. When applied to the present
corporate environment, it is clear how Taylor's concepts shaped and continue to affect the
business environment. On the first principle, rules and scientific concepts have supplanted
antiquated techniques. Taylor's fundamental principles of scientific management theory
emphasize the importance of taking a scientific approach to decision-making. Even abandons
all unscientific managerial practices. This is evident in factory automation, where workers'
tasks are optimized through the use of scientific methodologies and approaches with the goal
of boosting production. Thus, we might conclude that these principles advocate for
deliberation prior to action.
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The second concept, scientific employee selection, is frequently applied in today's
business climate. The principle is considered to be the most pertinent one day, as most firms
strive to employ the best candidate for various positions. Using a pig-iron handler as an
example, he discovered that approximately one in every eight present workers was capable of
reaching the newly defined standards. Another frequent instance of this scientific principle in
action is the fitness of an applicant for a certain post.The third principle of scientific
management demonstrates how to bring together qualified workers and science in order to
provide possibilities for employees to voice their needs and receive better treatment.
Employees should be adequately taught and scientifically selected. Additionally, it is critical
for any organization. Taylor used a variety of strategies to accomplish this objective,
including work-study, time study, motion study, fatigue study, and method study. Today, the
concept is manifested in human relations. Human relations issues, on the other hand, have not
been viewed as advantageous to productivity as scientific management has urged. The
majority of managers want to create a safe and healthy work environment in order to increase
productivity. The last principle highlights the need of delineating the functions that each
group plays within an organization. This is accomplished by splitting the organization's job
into two major components. These are the ones reserved for management and employees.
This divide places the management in a higher position of responsibility than the employees,
emphasizing the importance and necessity of the management exercising its management
functions efficiently. Among these functions are planning, organizing, managing, and
leading. It demonstrates the value of cooperation (management and workers). Management
should recognize and reward staff for their constructive comments. Simultaneously,
employees collaborate with management to develop the organization.
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2.2 HENRI FAYOL
The broad administrative definition, is a principle that consist of four elements and this
statement is said by Henri Fayol known as executive and a mining engineer from France. He
believed that the following principles could be applied to any business. (accountingtools,18
march 2021). To build a successful business, company members must take a look at 14
principles that Henri Fayol create. The principles are a partition of work, balancing authority
and accountability, discipline, unity of command, unity of course, subordination of personal
interest to the general interest, remuneration, centralism, scalar chain, order, equity, stability
of tenure of personnel, initiative, and lastly esprit de corps ( iedunote.com).
As for Henri Fayol, since this principle was made by him of course he used to apply
all those principles. The first principle is division of work, this principle will lead to a
specialization in work which will be a help to increase the efficiency and effectiveness
because the employees only focus on a few tasks that they know rather than they oversee
others. The second principle is balancing authority and responsibility. Employees must be
given authority, which entitles them to issue commands even though it will give the authority
to more and more people. Another principle is discipline, all employees should obey either to
the organization or government rules. For unity of command, the workers must take an action
only if the orders are from their superior, this action will avoid them from creating a problem
while unity of direction is one leader for one group of activities that have the same goals.
Subordination of individual interest to the general interest means people should put aside
their interest and look at the general interest if they want the organization to last long.
Followed with another principle which is remuneration, workers needed to be salaried a fair
earnings since people who are treated well by a company are more likely to work harder
because the work will be worthwhile. In centralization, the quantity of decision-making
should be properly balanced. This was a very forward-thinking principle, and it foretold the
current trend of empowering people at all levels of the firm. While the other principle which
is scalar chain explains the formal line of authority, communication, and responsibility within
an organization. Orders are also one of the important things which were listed in this
principle, there must be an orderly placement of the resources such as men and women,
money, materials, and many more. Human and material resources must be in the right place
at the right time, misplacement will lead to issues and disorder. While dealing with the
employees a manager should use kindliness and justice towards employees equally. This
principle called equity, it is a combination of kindness and justice. The next principle is
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