Fund of Management and Leadership

This document discusses the theoretical approaches to management and leadership in the retail industry. It explores the concepts of scientific management, general and industrial management, and the pioneers of scientific management. The document provides insights into the principles and activities associated with each approach.

Running head: FUND OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
Fund of Management and Leadership
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1FUND OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
Table of Contents
Discussion Week 1.....................................................................................................................2
References..................................................................................................................................5

2FUND OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
Discussion Week 1
Concerning to gaining the working experience in the retail industry, I came to realise
a fact that there are different theoretical approaches that help in the study of the management
and its concepts. In this connection, based on the discussion forum, there are three different
insights that I came to understand. The same are discussed below.
In the first place, I created an insight of the horizons of the scientific management
established by Sir Fredrick Taylor (Emerald.com 2019). This synergy of scientific
management is known to be published around 100 years ago. At that point in time, the
principle connected to scientific management based on the view of Taylor had been known to
respond to the fundamental change in the growth of the economy. It was undermined that the
traditional perspective of organisations remained focused on the empirical shift to the rational
change of the approach of management as well as the working of the organisation (Thompson
2017). However, with the change in time, the approach of scientific management had
changed to a broader view of societal, political as well as the ideological perspective of
Taylorism, which included the synergy of know-how transfer. Taylor had been known to lay
the foundation for the science that is related to the managing of the production systems in the
industrial age at the significant prospect. Secondly, Taylor had been known to design the
theoretical system of the organisational work, the production as well as the management.
Taylor, in this case, explained that scientific management, in its own essence is an approach
that consists of a particular prospect of philosophy that results in a combination of the
significant factors of the principle of management.
My second insight is based on the General and Industrial Management based on
the viewpoint of Sir Henry Fayol in the year of 1949 (Youtube.com 2019). Fayol is
undermined as a French mining engineer had been known to witness the synergy of the

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industrial revolution as well as analysed a need for the management theory and the need for
training and development in an organisation. In this connection, Fayol stated that the theories
of management and the synergy of training and development help in the setting and the on-
going of a business organisation (Cartwright 2017). It was stated that there are six major
activities that support the working of an organisation. The six activities are determined as the
technical activities, the commercial activities, and financial, accounting, security as well as
managerial activities which helps the business firm to carry up the desired sets of business
plans and processes. All these activities, according to the viewpoint of Fayol, plays a
different role in the different proportions of the organisational hierarchy. For example, the
managerial activities in an organisation need the technical expertise, the security people, and
the accounting heads as well as the causal workman. Considering all these aspects, Fayol saw
a gap that exists between the need of the organisation and the expertise level of different
individuals. This is where Fayol had been known to divide management the activities into
five main activities. In this connection, the five management activities based on the view of
Henry Fayol were determined as;
 Planning – Looking ahead of what actions are to be taken up in an organisation.
 Organisation- Selecting and arranging human resources as per the work requirement
of the organisation.
 Command- Overseeing and leading the team and the employees.
 Co-ordination- Harmonising as well as facilitating the healthy working environment
that would motivate the employees to work effectively and efficiently.
 Controlling- Ensuring that the compliance in the accounting activities is achieved,
along with the financial, technical as well as quality control needs of the business
organisation.

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Last, but not the least, my third insight is based on the viewpoint of Henry L. Gantt
and Fredrick Taylor; the pioneers of the scientific management (Gantt and Taylor 2007).
Based on the perspective of these two pioneers, the fundamentals of scientific management
include the synergy of science versus the rule of the thumb; harmony and not discord;
maximum output versus the aspect in restricted production; as well as workers developed to
their most significant level of effectiveness, efficiency as well as prosperity. Both the theorist
Taylor and Gantt have been known to truly lay the foundations of how the modern society
will work in the business organisations as well as to conduct the business processes. Both of
them being advanced in their thinking process as well as ideas have been known to messianic
to many and even misunderstood by others. However, it can be stated that both Henry L.
Gantt and Fredrick Taylor have led a recognisable way into the new, modern and innovated
the world of business.

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References
Cartwright, R., 2017. Mastering team leadership. Macmillan International Higher Education.
Emerald.com, 2019. Historic horizons of Frederick Taylor's scientific management | Emerald
Insight. Retrieved from: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JMH-05-
2012-0043/full/html
Gantt, D.P.H.L. and Taylor, F., 2007. The pioneers of scientific management. AACE
International Transactions, pp.1-15.
Thompson, J.D., 2017. Organisations in action: Social science bases of administrative
theory. Routledge.
Youtube.com (2019). Henri Fayol's Principles of Management. [Online] YouTube. Available
at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90qpziPNRnY&feature=youtu.be.