Fundamental of Operating Systems and Programming

Fundamentals of
Operating Systems
and Programming
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Table of Contents
Section 1: Operating Systems (OS)........................................................................2
I. Roll of Operating system.................................................................................2
Command Line Interface (CLI)...................................................................3
Graphical User Interface (GUI)...................................................................3
Question II.......................................................................................................... 4
Question III......................................................................................................... 4
Question IV......................................................................................................... 4
Section 2:............................................................................................................... 6
I. Security related commands.........................................................................6
 Create file................................................................................................. 6
 2) File permissions.................................................................................... 7
 3) Set Permission...................................................................................... 8
 4)Create a File and directory ....................................................................9
 5) RWX.................................................................................................... 11
 6) Reset password...................................................................................12
II. Unix networking Commands......................................................................13
 Ping......................................................................................................... 13
 Ifconfig.................................................................................................... 14
 Net stat................................................................................................... 16
 Chostname.............................................................................................. 17
 ARP.......................................................................................................... 18
References........................................................................................................... 19
Section 1: Operating Systems (OS)
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I. Roll of Operating system
The operating system is nothing but a set of different programs that helps to do
management among all computer hardware. This is used to provide the usual or
common services to the different application software installed in the computer
system. This operating system act as an interface between the users and the
application programs. It also establishes the communication between the input-
output requests received by the users with the computer hardware[1]. This is
considered as the system software which is very fundamental and needs to be
there in our computer system to do the system.
Following are the main responsibilities of the operating system:
1. The complexity of the hardware will be hidden from the users and provide
users with he smile and easy user interface.
2. This will do all the resource management that included the data, memory,
different input and output devices, processors, etc.
3. The interrupt is generated from time to time by the input-output devices
while any process is going on and our OS will Handel all these interrupts.
4. Between different programs, this os will share the I/O by making use of
CPU.
System software and application software are two types of software.
System Software –these are the software responsible for managing computer
operations.
Application Software – these are the software that helps the users to do specific
tasks.
The interaction between the end uses and the system is created with the help of
interfaces. There are two different user interfaces one is CLI which are command-
line interface end another is GUI which is graphical user interfaces[1].
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Command Line Interface (CLI)
In this type of interface, the user can interact with the system by using
various commands as we can see in the above screen. The user can type the
commands and press the return key to execute the command.
Then our system will follow the same command as typed by the user. At the
same time of the command execution system information about the progress
of commands to the users[2].
Following is the example of one of the commands for displaying the printer
name attached to our system.
Advantages
This interface we can use with the minimum resources and simple hardware
parts.
There are some of the commands which are easier to perform on CLI than
GUI.
Disadvantages
New users find it difficult to use the commands.
Some commands are complex in CLI than GUI.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
GUI in Linux terminal
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